白令海冷水團特征及其影響因素分析
發(fā)布時間：2019-01-01 11:13
【摘要】：北極的快速變化對周邊陸地和海域,甚至全球的氣候系統(tǒng)等都產(chǎn)生了重要的影響,因此對于北極海域水文特征和水體結(jié)構(gòu)的研究已經(jīng)成為極地物理海洋學(xué)的熱點問題。白令海作為連接北冰洋與中低緯度海洋的重要海區(qū),是近年來我國北極科學(xué)考察的重點調(diào)查海域。目前我國已經(jīng)進行了七次北極科學(xué)考察,在白令海獲得了大量珍貴的實測數(shù)據(jù)。本文在我國第1~6次北極科考的CTD溫度、鹽度和溶解氧數(shù)據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合國際共享資料,系統(tǒng)分析了白令海水文要素的分布特征、水團的結(jié)構(gòu)特性及海盆區(qū)水團的季節(jié)性變化特征,并討論了西白令海冷水團的夏季變化特征及影響因素。主要研究結(jié)論如下:1.白令海海盆區(qū)和陸架區(qū)水文要素的分布特征分析結(jié)果表明:白令海海盆30m以淺的上層海洋具有高溫低鹽的特征。在40m附近存在顯著的溫躍層,躍層以下是低溫冷水層;鹽度隨深度的增加而逐漸升高,中層海水的鹽度表現(xiàn)出南高北低的特征,并在北部近陸坡區(qū)形成高溫低鹽下降水舌;斷面上溶解氧含量可分為三層,200m以淺含量最高,200~1500m水層含量最低,1500m以深含量隨深度增加逐漸上升。圣勞倫斯島以北陸架區(qū)東部表層水體具有高溫、低鹽、低溶解氧的性質(zhì),西部水體具有低溫、高鹽的特征。圣勞倫斯島以南陸架區(qū)溫躍層出現(xiàn)在20m層附近,該部分海區(qū)中的溶解氧分布與溫度、鹽度均表現(xiàn)出了一定的相關(guān)性。2.夏季白令海海盆區(qū)的水團可以分為三類:高溫、低鹽的白令海上層水(4.2°CT11.0°C,31.5S33.3),分布于表層40m以淺;低溫的白令海中層水(0.5°CT4.2°C,32.3S33.8),大致位于40~300m水層;高鹽的白令海深層水(1.2°CT4.2°C,33.8S34.7)。圣勞倫斯島以北陸架區(qū)東部為阿拉斯加沿岸水,西部為阿納德爾水,中部為白令海陸架水。圣勞倫斯島以南陸架區(qū)的水團可以分為四類:白令海陸架水、白令海陸坡水、混合變性水及阿拉斯加沿岸水。3.白令海海盆區(qū)中層冷水的厚度自南向北逐漸加深,可延伸至水下379m,中層冷水最低溫度可達0.54°C(1999年),溫度最高為1.99°C(2014年);白令海西部陸架區(qū)冷水團最低溫度低于-2°C(1999年),冷核最高溫度為-1.33°C(2003年)。1999年、2008年及2012年冷水團的分布范圍較大,冷核溫度在各調(diào)查年份中較低,冷水團具有明顯的“冷年”特征。2003年、2005年、2014年冷核的最低溫較高,冷水團分布范圍及平均厚度值均比較小,具有“暖年”的特點。4.在白令海西部陸架區(qū),2000~2005年及2014年1~3月的海表面平均氣溫相對其他年份較高,冷核中心的溫度也相對較高,兩者之間的變化有較高的一致性。白令海和鄂霍次克海的偶極子型海冰異常EOF第一時間模態(tài)結(jié)果顯示,陸架區(qū)冷水團為冷年的年份偶極子型海冰變化處于明顯的負(fù)位相,而冷水團為暖年時偶極子型海冰變化為正位相。
[Abstract]:The rapid changes of the Arctic have an important impact on the surrounding land and sea area, even the global climate system. Therefore, the study of the hydrological characteristics and water structure of the Arctic has become a hot topic in polar physical oceanography. The Bering Sea, as an important sea area connecting the Arctic Ocean and the middle and low latitudes, is the focus of the Arctic scientific investigation in China in recent years. At present, seven Arctic scientific surveys have been conducted in China, and a large number of precious measured data have been obtained in the Bering Sea. On the basis of the CTD temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen data of the 6th Arctic scientific survey in China, the distribution characteristics of hydrological elements in Bering Sea are analyzed systematically based on the internationally shared data. The structure characteristics of water masses and the seasonal variation characteristics of water masses in the basin area are discussed. The summer variation characteristics and influencing factors of the water masses in the West Bering Sea are discussed. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. The distribution characteristics of hydrological elements in the Bering Sea basin and the continental shelf area are analyzed. The results show that the Bering Sea basin has the characteristics of high temperature and low salt in the shallow upper ocean. There is a significant thermocline in the vicinity of 40m, below which there is a low temperature cold water layer, the salinity increases gradually with the increase of depth, the salinity of the middle sea water shows the characteristics of south high and north low, and the high temperature and low salt drop water tongue is formed in the north near continental slope. The dissolved oxygen content on the section can be divided into three layers: the shallow content is the highest at 200m, the water layer is the lowest at 200m, and the depth content increases gradually with the depth increasing. The surface water in the eastern part of the continental shelf north of St. Lawrence Island has the characteristics of high temperature, low salt and low dissolved oxygen, and the western water body is characterized by low temperature and high salt. The thermocline in the continental shelf to the south of St. Lawrence Island appears near the 20m layer. The distribution of dissolved oxygen in this part of the sea area is correlated with temperature and salinity to a certain extent. 2. The water masses in the Bering Sea basin in summer can be divided into three types: high temperature, low salt water in the upper Bering Sea (4.2 擄CT11.0 擄C ~ (1) 31.5 S _ (33.3), distributed in the surface layer of 40 m shallow; The low temperature Bering Sea middle water (0.5 擄CT4.2 擄Cn32.3S33.8) is approximately located in the 40,300m water layer, and the high-salt Bering sea deep water (1.2 擄CT4.2 擄C _ (33.8) S _ (34.7). To the north of St. Lawrence Island, the coast of Alaska is to the east, Anadell to the west, and the Bering Sea shelf to the central part. Water masses in the continental shelf south of St. Lawrence Island can be classified into four categories: Bering Sea shelf water, Bering Sea slope water, mixed denatured water and Alaska coastal water. The thickness of the middle cold water in the Bering Sea basin gradually deepens from south to north, and can be extended to 379m underwater. The lowest temperature of the intermediate cold water can reach 0.54 擄C (1999), and the highest temperature is 1.99 擄C (2014). The minimum temperature of cold water mass in western Bering Sea is lower than -2 擄C (1999), and the highest temperature of cold nucleus is -1.33 擄C (2003). The distribution of cold water mass in 1999, 2008 and 2012 is large, and the cold core temperature is lower in each year of investigation. The cold water mass has the characteristic of "cold year". In 2003, 2005 and 2014, the lowest temperature of the cold core is higher, the distribution range and average thickness of the cold water mass are smaller, and the cold water mass has the characteristic of "warm year". 4. In the western Bering Sea continental shelf area, the mean sea surface temperature and the cold core center temperature are higher in the January to March of 2000 ~ 2005 and 2014 than in other years, respectively. The EOF first time mode results of dipole sea ice anomaly in Bering Sea and Okhotsk Sea show that the dipole sea ice changes in cold years in continental shelf are obviously negative phase. The cold water mass is a positive phase of dipole sea ice during warm years.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：國家海洋局第一海洋研究所
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P731.16
本文編號：2397474
[Abstract]:The rapid changes of the Arctic have an important impact on the surrounding land and sea area, even the global climate system. Therefore, the study of the hydrological characteristics and water structure of the Arctic has become a hot topic in polar physical oceanography. The Bering Sea, as an important sea area connecting the Arctic Ocean and the middle and low latitudes, is the focus of the Arctic scientific investigation in China in recent years. At present, seven Arctic scientific surveys have been conducted in China, and a large number of precious measured data have been obtained in the Bering Sea. On the basis of the CTD temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen data of the 6th Arctic scientific survey in China, the distribution characteristics of hydrological elements in Bering Sea are analyzed systematically based on the internationally shared data. The structure characteristics of water masses and the seasonal variation characteristics of water masses in the basin area are discussed. The summer variation characteristics and influencing factors of the water masses in the West Bering Sea are discussed. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. The distribution characteristics of hydrological elements in the Bering Sea basin and the continental shelf area are analyzed. The results show that the Bering Sea basin has the characteristics of high temperature and low salt in the shallow upper ocean. There is a significant thermocline in the vicinity of 40m, below which there is a low temperature cold water layer, the salinity increases gradually with the increase of depth, the salinity of the middle sea water shows the characteristics of south high and north low, and the high temperature and low salt drop water tongue is formed in the north near continental slope. The dissolved oxygen content on the section can be divided into three layers: the shallow content is the highest at 200m, the water layer is the lowest at 200m, and the depth content increases gradually with the depth increasing. The surface water in the eastern part of the continental shelf north of St. Lawrence Island has the characteristics of high temperature, low salt and low dissolved oxygen, and the western water body is characterized by low temperature and high salt. The thermocline in the continental shelf to the south of St. Lawrence Island appears near the 20m layer. The distribution of dissolved oxygen in this part of the sea area is correlated with temperature and salinity to a certain extent. 2. The water masses in the Bering Sea basin in summer can be divided into three types: high temperature, low salt water in the upper Bering Sea (4.2 擄CT11.0 擄C ~ (1) 31.5 S _ (33.3), distributed in the surface layer of 40 m shallow; The low temperature Bering Sea middle water (0.5 擄CT4.2 擄Cn32.3S33.8) is approximately located in the 40,300m water layer, and the high-salt Bering sea deep water (1.2 擄CT4.2 擄C _ (33.8) S _ (34.7). To the north of St. Lawrence Island, the coast of Alaska is to the east, Anadell to the west, and the Bering Sea shelf to the central part. Water masses in the continental shelf south of St. Lawrence Island can be classified into four categories: Bering Sea shelf water, Bering Sea slope water, mixed denatured water and Alaska coastal water. The thickness of the middle cold water in the Bering Sea basin gradually deepens from south to north, and can be extended to 379m underwater. The lowest temperature of the intermediate cold water can reach 0.54 擄C (1999), and the highest temperature is 1.99 擄C (2014). The minimum temperature of cold water mass in western Bering Sea is lower than -2 擄C (1999), and the highest temperature of cold nucleus is -1.33 擄C (2003). The distribution of cold water mass in 1999, 2008 and 2012 is large, and the cold core temperature is lower in each year of investigation. The cold water mass has the characteristic of "cold year". In 2003, 2005 and 2014, the lowest temperature of the cold core is higher, the distribution range and average thickness of the cold water mass are smaller, and the cold water mass has the characteristic of "warm year". 4. In the western Bering Sea continental shelf area, the mean sea surface temperature and the cold core center temperature are higher in the January to March of 2000 ~ 2005 and 2014 than in other years, respectively. The EOF first time mode results of dipole sea ice anomaly in Bering Sea and Okhotsk Sea show that the dipole sea ice changes in cold years in continental shelf are obviously negative phase. The cold water mass is a positive phase of dipole sea ice during warm years.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：國家海洋局第一海洋研究所
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P731.16
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