【摘要】：四川地區(qū)地處我國西南山區(qū),因具有多山地和丘陵這一地貌特征,受降雨、地震及人為活動等影響常常發(fā)生各類地質(zhì)災(zāi)害,其中邊坡問題十分突出。在一般性邊坡治理工程中,抗滑樁具有施工方便、阻滑能力強等顯著優(yōu)點,在實際工程中被廣泛應(yīng)用,且采用抗滑樁進行坡體支護時,樁間形成的土拱作用對坡體穩(wěn)定性具有重要影響。對具有鎖固束口形特殊地形特征的一類滑坡進行治理時,鎖固束口形地形會限制滑坡的滑動,坡體束口段產(chǎn)生的土拱作用可充當(dāng)部分阻滑力,對滑坡整體穩(wěn)定性具有巨大影響。本文以鎖固束口形滑坡為研究對象,以滑坡中的天然土拱效應(yīng)作用機理為研究目的,基于彈性理論建立力學(xué)概化模型證明束口形滑坡中天然土拱現(xiàn)象的存在;以李子鄉(xiāng)束口滑坡為真實算例運用FLAC3D模擬研究分析,采用理論研究和數(shù)值分析方法對束口形滑坡中天然土拱效應(yīng)展開探討分析。主要完成如下工作:(1)基于束口形滑坡力學(xué)概化分析模型推導(dǎo)出束口形一類滑坡中窄口段后部土體任意一點的土拱應(yīng)力解析表達式通解,證明束口滑坡天然土拱效應(yīng)的存在。土拱效應(yīng)的變化規(guī)律表明,滑坡束口狀地形在一定的開闊程度才會出現(xiàn)明顯的土拱現(xiàn)象,在頸縮角α介于20°～40°間具有明顯應(yīng)力集中現(xiàn)象,形成顯著土拱效應(yīng),一旦開闊程度超過范圍,土拱現(xiàn)象會迅速減弱直至消失;(2)推擠壓力P、摩阻力q的增大對束口地形段產(chǎn)生的土拱應(yīng)力會產(chǎn)生較大的影響,當(dāng)推擠壓力P在200kPa～400kPa,摩阻力q不超過300kPa時,滑坡中產(chǎn)生的天然土拱作用可顯著提高坡體穩(wěn)定性;(3)相比樁-土間土拱作用產(chǎn)生的圓形土拱形狀和拋物線土拱形狀,束口滑坡中土拱作用產(chǎn)生的土拱形狀具有較大不同。隨坡體深度及窄口段地形界限的逐漸改變,拱形不斷變化調(diào)整以適應(yīng)上部不斷變化的應(yīng)力,土拱形狀整體呈現(xiàn)"不規(guī)則馬蹄形",是束口滑坡天然土拱一大顯著特征;(4)束口滑坡內(nèi)部土拱效應(yīng)的有效作用深度介于z=69m～z=61m之間,土拱效力整體呈穩(wěn)定狀態(tài),超過這一范圍后土拱效應(yīng)對坡體穩(wěn)定性的影響會逐漸減弱。李子鄉(xiāng)滑坡中土拱的作用區(qū)域為x向80m～140m、y向20m～80m處,這一范圍內(nèi)天然土拱作用對滑坡的穩(wěn)定性至關(guān)重要,在后期束口形一類滑坡災(zāi)變防治時可充分利用滑坡自身所形成的土拱作用效力,為工程實踐提供指導(dǎo)�；谏鲜鼋Y(jié)論,研究成果對束口形滑坡防治具有一定的理論價值和工程應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:Sichuan is located in the southwest mountainous area of China. Because of its mountainous and hilly features, various geological disasters often occur under the influence of rainfall, earthquakes and human activities, among which the slope problem is very prominent. In general slope treatment engineering, anti-slide pile is widely used in practical engineering because of its advantages such as convenient construction and strong anti-slide ability, and when anti-slide pile is used to support slope body, The soil arch between piles has an important effect on the stability of slope body. In the treatment of a kind of landslide with special landform characteristics of locking beam-shaped, the clamped beam-shaped topography will limit the slide of landslide, and the soil arch produced by the beam-mouth section of slope body can act as part of the anti-slip force, which has a great influence on the overall stability of landslide. In this paper, the mechanism of natural soil arch effect in the landslide is studied. Based on the elastic theory, the existence of the natural soil arch phenomenon in the bunch-shaped landslide is proved. The natural soil arch effect in the bunch-shaped landslide is analyzed by theoretical and numerical methods, taking the Zhukou landslide as a real example and using FLAC3D simulation analysis. The main works are as follows: (1) based on the generalized mechanical analysis model of bunched-shaped landslide, the analytical expression of soil arch stress at any point in the back of narrow section of a beam-shaped landslide is derived, which proves the existence of natural soil-arch effect in Zhukou landslide. The variation rule of soil arch effect shows that the soil arch phenomenon appears only in a certain open degree in the bevel topography of landslide, and the stress concentration phenomenon is obvious in the necking angle 偽 between 20 擄and 40 擄, which forms a remarkable soil arch effect. As soon as the open degree exceeds the range, the earth arch phenomenon will decrease rapidly and then disappear. (2) the increase of the push extrusion force Pand friction Q will have a great influence on the stress of the soil arch in the beam-mouth terrain section. When P is at 200kPa400 KPA and the friction Q is less than 300kPa, the natural soil arch in landslide can significantly improve the stability of slope body. (3) compared with the shape of circular soil arch and parabolic soil arch produced by pile-soil arch interaction, The shape of soil arch caused by soil arch is different in Guankou landslide. As the depth of the slope and the boundary of the narrow section of the slope gradually change, the arch is constantly changed to adapt to the changing stress of the upper part. The shape of soil arch presents "irregular horseshoe shape" as a whole, which is a significant feature of natural soil arch in bunchou landslide. (4) the effective depth of soil arch effect is between z=69m~z=61m and the effectiveness of soil arch is stable. Beyond this range, the influence of soil arch effect on slope stability will gradually weaken. The action area of the earth arch in the Lizixiang landslide is in the x direction of 80mg / 140mt / y direction 20m~80m, which is very important to the stability of the landslide, in which the natural soil arch action is very important to the stability of the landslide. The earth arch effect formed by the landslide itself can be fully utilized in the prevention and treatment of landslide in the late stage, which can provide guidance for engineering practice. Based on the above conclusions, the research results have certain theoretical value and engineering application prospect for the prevention and control of Bundle mouth landslide.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P642.22

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