【摘要】：柴達(dá)木盆地是我國(guó)西北地區(qū)三大沉積盆地之一,侏羅紀(jì)盆地的沉積范圍大致分布在現(xiàn)今的柴達(dá)木盆地北緣,多年的勘探實(shí)踐表明,在柴北緣不僅有石油、天然氣、煤等常規(guī)能源礦產(chǎn)富集,同時(shí)也具備煤層氣、油頁(yè)巖、油砂等非常規(guī)能源礦產(chǎn)的勘探開發(fā)潛力。常規(guī)油氣在冷湖、南八仙、馬海和魚卡地區(qū)富集,層位是J1、J3、E和N;煤沿賽什騰、魚卡、紅山、德令哈等山前帶富集,可采煤層是J1x、J2d和J2s。從非常規(guī)能源的評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和富集參數(shù)看,煤層氣在賽什騰、魚卡、紅山和德令哈地區(qū)富集,層位主要是J2;油頁(yè)巖在魚卡、紅山和德令哈地區(qū)富集,層位是J1和J2;油砂在冷湖、魚卡、紅山和路樂河地區(qū)富集,層位是J和K。根據(jù)斷裂系統(tǒng)和各單一能源礦產(chǎn)的分布,柴北緣可劃分為3個(gè)多種能源礦產(chǎn)成藏(礦)系統(tǒng):冷湖-南八仙-馬海多種能源礦產(chǎn)成藏(礦)系統(tǒng)、賽什騰-魚卡-紅山多種能源礦產(chǎn)成藏(礦)系統(tǒng)和德令哈多種能源礦產(chǎn)成藏(礦)系統(tǒng)。侏羅系地層的熱演化是各系統(tǒng)內(nèi)能源礦產(chǎn)的形成、分布、組合共生的基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合柴北緣4口人工單井熱演化模擬分析,賽什騰-魚卡-紅山成藏(礦)系統(tǒng)侏羅系地層開始成熟時(shí)間最早(150~135Ma),德令哈成藏(礦)系統(tǒng)侏羅系地層次之(120Ma)。冷湖-南八仙-馬海系統(tǒng)最晚(40Ma)。賽什騰-魚卡-紅山成藏(礦)系統(tǒng)的礦產(chǎn)組合共生類型明顯多于其余2個(gè)系統(tǒng)。總體上柴北緣油頁(yè)巖、常規(guī)石油和油砂,煤、煤層氣和常規(guī)天然氣可單向連續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)化并在規(guī)模上相互影響和制約。早、中侏羅世溫暖潮濕的河湖沉積環(huán)境下富集的有機(jī)質(zhì)是柴北緣多種有機(jī)能源礦產(chǎn)的物質(zhì)來(lái)源。燕山晚期和喜山晚期兩期構(gòu)造運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)各有機(jī)能源礦產(chǎn)的成藏定位和后期改造影響最大。最終冷湖-南八仙-馬海成藏(礦)系統(tǒng)形成了“常規(guī)油-常規(guī)氣-油砂”的富集共生模式;賽什騰-魚卡-紅山成藏(礦)系統(tǒng)形成了“油頁(yè)巖-常規(guī)油-油砂-煤-煤層氣”的富集共生模式;德令哈成藏(礦)系統(tǒng)形成了“煤-煤層氣-油頁(yè)巖”的富集共生模式。
[Abstract]:The Qaidam basin is one of the three major sedimentary basins in northwest China. The sedimentary range of Jurassic basin is roughly distributed in the northern margin of the present Qaidam basin. The exploration practice for many years shows that there are not only oil and natural gas in the northern margin of Qaidam Basin, but also petroleum and natural gas in the northern margin of Qaidam Basin. Coal and other conventional energy mineral enrichment, but also have coal bed methane, oil shale, oil sand and other unconventional energy mineral exploration and development potential. Conventional oil and gas are enriched in Lenghu, Nanbaxian, Mahai and Yuka areas, and the strata are J1, J3, E and N.The coal is enriched along the front belts of Saishiteng, Yuka, Hongshan and Delingha, and the mining coal seams are J1xJ2d and J2s. Judging from the evaluation criteria and enrichment parameters of unconventional energy sources, the coalbed methane is enriched in the Saeston, Yuka, Hongshan and Delingha areas, with the mainly J22-oil shale enriched in the Yuka, Hongshan and Delingha areas, with layers J1 and J2; and oil sands in Lenghu. The Yuka, Hongshan and Lule River areas are enriched with J and K. According to the fault system and the distribution of each single energy mineral, the northern margin of Qaidam can be divided into three kinds of energy mineral reservoir forming (ore) system: Lenghu-Nanbaxian Mahai multi-energy mineral accumulation (ore) system. Saeston-Yuka-Hongshan multi-energy mineral accumulation (ore) system and Delingha multi-energy mineral accumulation (ore) system. The thermal evolution of Jurassic strata is the basis of the formation, distribution and assemblage of energy minerals in each system, combined with the simulation analysis of thermal evolution of 4 artificial single wells in the northern margin of Qaidam. The Jurassic strata matured the earliest (150~135Ma) and the Jurassic stratigraphic level (120Ma) of Delingha reservoir (ore) system in Saishiten-Yuka-Hongshan reservoir formation (ore) system. The Lenghu-South eight Sian-Ma Hai system is the latest (40Ma). The mineral assemblage symbiosis type of Saishiteng-Yuka-Hongshan reservoir forming (ore) system is obviously more than that of the other two systems. On the whole, oil shale, conventional petroleum and oil sand, coalbed methane and conventional natural gas in the northern margin of Qaihai can be transformed in one direction and continuously, and influence and restrict each other in scale. The organic matter enriched in the warm and humid fluvial and lacustrine sedimentary environment in the early and Middle Jurassic is the material source of many organic energy minerals in the northern margin of Qaidam. The late Yanshanian and the late Himalayan tectonic movements have the greatest influence on the location and later transformation of the organic energy minerals. Finally, the Lenghu-Nanbaxian Mahai oil accumulation (ore) system formed a "conventional oil-conventional gas-oil sand" enrichment and symbiotic model; The accumulation and symbiosis model of "oil shale-conventional oil-sand-coalbed methane" was formed in Saishiteng-Yuka-Hongshan reservoir forming (ore) system, and the accumulation and symbiosis mode of "coal-coalbed methane-oil shale" was formed in Delingha reservoir (ore) system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P618.1
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本文編號(hào)：2173492