【摘要】：本文基于二維云分辨模式,分別采用Hsieetal.(1980),Kruegeretal.(1995),Zeng etal.(2008)和Shenetal.(2014)四種冰晶增長參數(shù)化方案,模擬熱帶到中緯度地區(qū)的四個降水個例。通過云降水收支、云的微物理過程和熱量收支分析,評估四種參數(shù)化方案對降水、水凝物、云的微物理過程和熱量變化的影響。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)Shen方案模擬的時(shí)間-區(qū)域平均降水率與觀測值更加接近。與高冰核濃度的Zeng方案相比,Shen方案減少了雨滴收集云滴造成的雨滴增長和云滴到冰滴的凝結(jié)增長,導(dǎo)致總的水凝物丟失減少。與Hsie,Krueger和中低冰核濃度的Zeng方案相比,Shen方案通過減少水汽凈凝結(jié)和水凝物丟失得到較好地平均降水率模擬。(2)高冰核濃度的Zeng方案產(chǎn)生異常增多的冰滴模擬,Shen方案通過減少過飽和水汽凝華成冰滴和云滴到冰滴的凝結(jié)增長,削減了異常增多的冰滴模擬。高冰核濃度的Zeng方案和Shen方案引起對流層中上層輻射加熱增多,這與它們模擬的冰滴在對流層中上層大量增多有關(guān)。(3)高冰核濃度設(shè)置的Zeng方案導(dǎo)致模擬區(qū)域-平均的局地溫度變化在對流層上層出現(xiàn)異常減小值,這與它在熱帶個例中導(dǎo)致垂直熱量通量輻合減少和在中緯度個例中導(dǎo)致凝結(jié)加熱減少有關(guān)。盡管高冰核濃度的Zeng方案相比其他方案引起質(zhì)量加權(quán)平均的輻射加熱增多,但是它在熱帶個例中引起地表感熱通量減少和在中緯度個例中引起潛熱加熱減少,最終導(dǎo)致四種參數(shù)化方案計(jì)算的模擬區(qū)域-質(zhì)量加權(quán)平均的局地溫度變化基本一致。
[Abstract]:Based on the two-dimensional cloud resolution model, four parameterized ice crystal growth schemes, Hsieetal. (1980) Kruegeretal. (1995) Zeng etal. (2008) and Shenetal. (2014), are used to simulate four precipitation cases from tropical to mid-latitude. Through the analysis of cloud precipitation budget, cloud microphysical process and heat budget, the effects of four parameterized schemes on precipitation, water condensate, cloud microphysical process and heat change were evaluated. The results show that: (1) the time-region average precipitation rate simulated by the Shen scheme is closer to the observed value. Compared with the Zeng scheme with high concentration of ice nuclei, the increase of raindrops caused by raindrop collection and the condensation of droplets from cloud to ice decreased, resulting in the decrease of total hydration loss. Compared with the Zeng scheme of Hsiegne Krueger and medium and low ice nuclei concentration, the Zeng scheme can simulate the average precipitation rate by reducing the net condensation of water vapor and the loss of water condensate. (2) the Zeng scheme with high ice core concentration produces abnormal increase of ice droplet simulation Shen scheme. Overreducing the condensation growth of supersaturated water vapor into ice droplets and cloud droplets to ice droplets, Reduced the unusually large number of ice droplet simulations. The Zeng and Shen schemes with high ice core concentration increase the radiation heating in the upper troposphere. This is related to the large increase of the simulated ice droplets in the upper troposphere. (3) the Zeng scheme with high ice core concentration results in abnormal decreases of the simulated region-average local temperature in the upper troposphere. This is related to the decrease of vertical heat flux convergence in tropical cases and condensation heating in mid-latitude cases. Although the Zeng scheme with high ice core concentration results in an increase in mass-weighted average radiative heating compared with other schemes, it causes a decrease in surface sensible heat flux in tropical cases and a decrease in latent heat heating in mid-latitude cases. The local temperature variations of the simulated area-mass weighted average calculated by the four parameterized schemes are basically consistent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P426.6

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