【摘要】：本文以昆明長(zhǎng)水國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)一次典型鋒面霧的天氣現(xiàn)象為實(shí)證研究對(duì)象,使用機(jī)場(chǎng)氣象要素的觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),利用WRF數(shù)值模式模擬了該機(jī)場(chǎng)2015年12月24日至26日的大霧天氣的整個(gè)過(guò)程,通過(guò)三組對(duì)比試驗(yàn)得到最優(yōu)模擬方案。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)昆明機(jī)場(chǎng)冬季鋒面霧占大霧總天數(shù)的86%,本次大霧為典型鋒面霧現(xiàn)象,因此具有一定的代表性。研究通過(guò)修改昆明長(zhǎng)水國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)周邊的地形地貌,對(duì)比分析不同地形對(duì)同一氣候條件影響下的地面溫度、風(fēng)速風(fēng)向、相對(duì)濕度、露點(diǎn)溫度等主要?dú)庀笠�。分別從修改周邊山脈走向、修改山脈高度、修改下墊面類型三個(gè)方面,分析不同地形對(duì)機(jī)場(chǎng)大霧天氣的影響。本文主要從氣象角度出發(fā),研究結(jié)果為WRF數(shù)值模擬在民航運(yùn)行和機(jī)場(chǎng)選址中的應(yīng)用提供了新的途徑和思路。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,(1)模擬大霧時(shí)5層熱擴(kuò)散路面方案優(yōu)于Noah方案,iz0tlnd地表層方案優(yōu)于MM5地表層方案,YSU邊界層參數(shù)化方案優(yōu)于MYJ變化層參數(shù)化方案;(2)不同山脈走向影響各氣象要素的變化,昆明機(jī)場(chǎng)大霧受周邊山脈走向影響較大,機(jī)場(chǎng)選址時(shí)應(yīng)考慮風(fēng)向與周圍山脈的走勢(shì),盡量避免選在山脈中部的山谷地帶;(3)在機(jī)場(chǎng)選址時(shí)山脈高度主要影響溫度和風(fēng)場(chǎng),應(yīng)盡量避免海拔過(guò)高、周邊地形復(fù)雜的地區(qū),地勢(shì)相對(duì)平坦的地區(qū)更有利于修建機(jī)場(chǎng);(4)不同下墊面類型同樣會(huì)影響機(jī)場(chǎng)的氣象條件,選址時(shí)盡量避免水域較多區(qū)域、植被、森林覆蓋率較高區(qū)域,靠近城區(qū)位置一般溫度較高,較為適合修建機(jī)場(chǎng)。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the weather phenomenon of a typical frontal fog at Changshui International Airport in Kunming is taken as an empirical study object, and the observation data of the meteorological elements of the airport are used. WRF numerical model is used to simulate the whole process of heavy fog weather in the airport from 24 to 26 December 2015. The optimal simulation scheme is obtained through three sets of comparative experiments. According to statistics, winter frontal fog accounts for 86 days of the total fog at Kunming Airport. This fog is a typical front fog phenomenon, so it is representative. By modifying the topography and landform around Kunming Changshui International Airport, the main meteorological factors such as surface temperature, wind direction, relative humidity and dew point temperature under the influence of different landforms on the same climatic conditions are compared and analyzed. The influence of different terrain on the fog weather of the airport is analyzed from three aspects: modifying the direction of the surrounding mountain range, modifying the mountain height and modifying the type of underlying surface. From the point of view of meteorology, this paper provides a new approach and train of thought for the application of WRF numerical simulation in civil aviation operation and airport location. The experimental results show that: (1) the five layer thermal diffusion pavement scheme is superior to Noah's scheme and the MM5 surface layer scheme is better than the MM5 surface layer scheme, the parameterization scheme of YSU boundary layer is superior to the MYJ variable layer parameterization scheme, (2) the different mountain strike affects each other. Changes in meteorological elements, The heavy fog of Kunming Airport is greatly affected by the direction of the surrounding mountains, and the direction of the wind and the trend of the surrounding mountains should be taken into account in the selection of the airport site, so as to avoid choosing the valley zone in the middle of the mountain range as far as possible; (3) the height of the mountain range mainly affects the temperature and the wind field when the airport is chosen. We should try our best to avoid areas with too high altitude and complicated terrain around them, and areas with relatively flat terrain are more conducive to the construction of airports; (4) different types of underlying surfaces will also affect the meteorological conditions of airports, and they should try their best to avoid areas with more water areas and vegetation when choosing their sites. High forest coverage area, near the city temperature is generally higher, more suitable for the construction of airports.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)民航大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：V321.222

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