【摘要】：庫存管理是對制造業(yè)或服務(wù)業(yè)生產(chǎn)、經(jīng)營全過程的各種物品,生產(chǎn)成品以及其他資源進(jìn)行管理和控制,使其儲備保持在經(jīng)濟(jì)合理的水平上.在庫存管理過程中,企業(yè)往往要面對眾多不確定性因素,如市場的不確定需求、供應(yīng)商的不確定供應(yīng)等.現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中這些不確定性因素是難以把握的,當(dāng)企業(yè)無法及時滿足市場產(chǎn)生的需求時,就會產(chǎn)生缺貨損失.因此,企業(yè)為了不丟失客戶資源,可以提前預(yù)備庫存,這樣就可以相應(yīng)地減少不確定性因素產(chǎn)生的損失.但同時也會增加相應(yīng)的費(fèi)用,如庫存成本費(fèi)用或剩余產(chǎn)品的處理費(fèi)用.針對含有不確定性的庫存管理問題,一方面,本論文在不確定供應(yīng)下研究單階段庫存管理問題,其中不確定供應(yīng)比例由模糊變量來表示.進(jìn)而由可信性優(yōu)化理論得到可信性等價值凸規(guī)劃模型.在三角和梯形供應(yīng)模式下對所得模型進(jìn)行分析并對可行域分解方法進(jìn)行歸納,最后通過比較子區(qū)域的局部最優(yōu)解得到全局最優(yōu)解.另一方面,本論文又在供應(yīng)和需求都不確定的情況下,對多階段庫存管理問題進(jìn)行研究.由零售商的多次訂購機(jī)會建立可信性動態(tài)規(guī)劃模型,其中供應(yīng)與需求的不確定性都是由模糊變量的可信性分布刻畫.本論文分別用期望值與等價值作為衡量指標(biāo),得到均值凸規(guī)劃模型.通過分析可信性動態(tài)規(guī)劃模型,討論各階段均值費(fèi)用的性質(zhì),得到各階段最優(yōu)訂購策略.本論文的主要工作可以概括為以下幾個方面:(1)在模糊環(huán)境下,用可信性分布對不確定因素進(jìn)行描述并建立可信性等價值模型;(2)分析和討論可信性等價值模型的性質(zhì),設(shè)計了基于可行域分解的求解方法;(3)針對多階段庫存管理問題,建立可信性動態(tài)規(guī)劃模型;(4)分析和討論可信性動態(tài)規(guī)劃模型的性質(zhì),推導(dǎo)出階段n的最優(yōu)訂購策略的解析解;(5)通過數(shù)值實(shí)驗(yàn)說明兩種模型建模思想和求解方法的有效性,并給出模型中各參數(shù)的靈敏度分析.
[Abstract]:Inventory management is the management and control of all kinds of goods, finished products and other resources in the whole process of manufacturing or service industry, so as to keep their reserves at a reasonable level of economy. In the process of inventory management, enterprises often face many uncertain factors, such as the uncertain demand of the market, the uncertain supply of suppliers and so on. In real life, these uncertainties are difficult to grasp, when enterprises can not meet the needs of the market in time, there will be a loss of stock. Therefore, in order not to lose customer resources, enterprises can prepare inventory in advance, which can reduce the loss caused by uncertainty factors. But it will also increase the corresponding costs, such as inventory costs or disposal costs of surplus products. For the inventory management problem with uncertainty, on the one hand, this paper studies the one-stage inventory management problem under the uncertainty of supply, in which the uncertain supply ratio is represented by fuzzy variables. Furthermore, the value convex programming model of credibility is obtained from the credibility optimization theory. The model is analyzed in triangular and trapezoidal supply mode, and the feasible domain decomposition method is summarized. Finally, the global optimal solution is obtained by comparing the local optimal solutions of subregions. On the other hand, under the uncertainty of supply and demand, this paper studies the problem of multi-stage inventory management. The credibility dynamic programming model is established by the multiple ordering opportunities of retailers, in which the uncertainty of supply and demand is characterized by the credibility distribution of fuzzy variables. In this paper, the mean convex programming model is obtained by using the expected value and the equal value as the measurement index. By analyzing the credibility dynamic programming model, the properties of the average cost of each stage are discussed, and the optimal ordering strategy for each stage is obtained. The main work of this paper can be summarized as follows: (1) using credibility distribution to describe uncertain factors and establish credibility value model in fuzzy environment; (2) analyzing and discussing the properties of credibility value model. A solution method based on feasible domain decomposition is designed; (3) the credibility dynamic programming model is established for multi-stage inventory management; (4) the properties of credibility dynamic programming model are analyzed and discussed. The analytical solution of the optimal ordering strategy for stage n is derived. (5) the validity of the two modeling methods and the sensitivity analysis of the parameters in the model are illustrated by numerical experiments.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O227

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