準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地中西部侏羅紀(jì)孢粉組分類型及基準(zhǔn)面變化研究
本文選題:準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地 + 侏羅紀(jì); 參考:《中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2017年碩士論文
【摘要】:準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地是位于我國西部的大型復(fù)合疊加含油氣盆地之一。其中,侏羅紀(jì)地層是油氣勘探的主要研究對(duì)象。侏羅紀(jì)時(shí)期,準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地發(fā)育了豐富的河流、湖泊和沼澤相沉積。其中含有豐富的孢子、花粉及藻類化石。這些微體化石對(duì)地層劃分對(duì)比及古植被古氣候分析具有十分重要的意義,近年來人們又開始嘗試用孢粉組分類型研究古水深及基準(zhǔn)面旋回變化。本文通過對(duì)準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地侏羅系孢粉化石與基準(zhǔn)面變化關(guān)系的研究,取得以下主要成果和認(rèn)識(shí):(1)原理分析:孢粉一般都是異地埋藏的搬運(yùn)化石集合,通過對(duì)孢子與花粉植被類型和組成構(gòu)造的分析,認(rèn)為二者具有不同的搬運(yùn)方式,孢子一般為地表徑流搬運(yùn),而花粉主要靠風(fēng)力吹揚(yáng)搬運(yùn),因此孢子與花粉、以及不同類型的花粉其搬運(yùn)距離就各不相同,因而不同的水深就會(huì)有不同的孢粉組合。(2)方法探討:考慮到孢粉類型的復(fù)雜多樣性,通過對(duì)孢粉形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)類型、復(fù)合分異度及組分類型3種不同方法研究古水深及基準(zhǔn)面變化關(guān)系,并與沉積相研究結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,結(jié)果表明盡管三種方法均能建立孢粉旋回與基準(zhǔn)面變化關(guān)系,但前2種方法僅反映古水深變化的趨勢,而孢粉組分類型變化不但能很好地反映基準(zhǔn)面變化旋回,且與沉積相類型具有一定的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系,效果最好。(3)具體研究:通過對(duì)6口井孢粉化石(141屬229種)的詳細(xì)鑒定及數(shù)量統(tǒng)計(jì),分別計(jì)算各樣品中孢粉形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)類型(4種)、復(fù)合分異度及孢粉組分類型(3種)百分含量的井深變化,并與沉積相研究結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,結(jié)果表明孢粉組分類型與中、長期旋回具有良好的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系,在此基礎(chǔ)上,通過井間對(duì)比,探討了水深的橫向變化。
[Abstract]:Junggar Basin is one of the large superimposed oil-gas basins located in the west of China. Jurassic stratigraphy is the main object of oil and gas exploration. During the Jurassic period, the Junggar Basin developed abundant fluvial, lacustrine and marsh facies deposits. It contains abundant spores, pollen and algae fossils. These microfossils are of great significance to stratigraphic division and correlation and paleovegetation paleoclimate analysis. In recent years, people have tried to study paleo-water depth and base-level cycle changes by using sporopollen component types. Based on the study of the relationship between Jurassic sporopollen fossils and datum level variation in Junggar Basin, this paper has obtained the following main achievements and understandings: (1) principle analysis: sporopollen is generally a collection of transporting fossils buried in different places. Based on the analysis of the type and composition of spore and pollen vegetation, it is concluded that there are different transport modes between spores and pollen. Spore is generally transported by surface runoff, while pollen is transported mainly by wind, so spore and pollen are transported by wind. The transportation distance of different pollen types is different, so different water depth will have different sporopollen combinations. (2) considering the complex diversity of sporopollen types, the morphological and structural types of pollen are analyzed. The relationship between paleo water depth and datum level was studied by three different methods of composite differentiation degree and composition type, and the results were compared with those of sedimentary facies. The results showed that although all three methods could establish the relationship between sporopollen cycle and datum level change, However, the former two methods only reflect the trend of paleo-water depth change, and the change of sporopollen composition can not only well reflect the base-level change cycle, but also have a certain correspondence with the sedimentary facies type. The results are the best. (3) specific study: through the detailed identification and quantitative statistics of 6 sporopollen fossils (141 genera 229 species), The variation of well depth of pollen morphology and structure type (4 kinds), composite differentiation degree and sporopollen component type (3%) in each sample were calculated, and the results were compared with those of sedimentary facies. The results showed that the sporopollen fractions were of middle and middle types. The long term cycle has a good corresponding relationship. On this basis, the horizontal variation of water depth is discussed by means of cross-well correlation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號(hào)】:Q914;P534.52
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