本文選題：水擊 + 壓力管道　； 參考：《昆明理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：管道是水利水電樞紐中一種極其重要的輸水、引水部件,連接管道的閥門或者水泵機組會經常性地啟閉(停),閥門的啟閉或者水泵機組的啟停會造成有壓管道內的流體產生水力暫態(tài)過程,當這種水力暫態(tài)過程嚴重時,會產生水擊這種極端的非恒定流動現(xiàn)象。水擊的發(fā)生會給管道系統(tǒng)的安全運行帶來巨大的影響,因為其產生的巨大的壓強增高或者降低會以水擊波的形式在管道系統(tǒng)中傳播。當管道的約束形式為弱約束形式時(除了地下埋管等在沿程施加了強約束的管道之外,均可以將其定義為弱約束管道),水擊產生的壓力升高或者降低會促使管道的振動,管道的振動又會重新引起新的水力暫態(tài)過程,所以這時管道系統(tǒng)內并存管道、流體兩種介質的相互耦合作用,這就是所謂的管道系統(tǒng)中的流固耦合作用。求解水擊的理論可以分為經典水擊理論和流固耦合水擊理論。經典水擊理論早在200多年前就被有的學者提出來了,該理論考慮的條件較少且對真實情況做了許多簡化,同時沒有考慮管道的動力特性,由于該理論在指導實際工業(yè)生產的過程中簡單易行,雖然其精確度不高,但是在過去一直被廣泛采用。隨著社會的進步和科學技術的發(fā)展,尤其是上世紀60年代以來發(fā)展起來的有限元法等數(shù)值求解技術在水擊方面的應用,使得水擊的流固耦合求解方法吸引了廣大的專家和學者的注意力。在最近幾十年發(fā)展起來的耦合水擊求解法,其研究歷程經歷了由簡單到復雜的過程。本文在理清了經典水擊理論的數(shù)學模型及其求解方法(特征線法)的基礎上,重點研究了 ADINA軟件中流體模型和結構模型的計算程序所用的方程及其離散形式。最后利用ADINA軟件的FSI求解模塊對本文所要研究的問題做了數(shù)值模擬。整個流程的具體過程是:首先使用本文第二章所提出的經典水擊理論特征線解法和第三章提出的流固耦合水擊交錯積分弱耦合解法對同一個模型進行了求解,并通過兩種算法的求解結果做了對比,說明使用流固耦合算法來計算水擊的必要性;然后基于ADINA軟件對不同閥門關閉時間、不同管道長度、不同管壁厚度等情況做了流固耦合數(shù)值模擬;最后采用英國丹迪大學的壓力管道的流固耦合實驗數(shù)據(jù)和本文所提出的流固耦合計算做了對比,驗證了本文所使用的流固壀合算法的合理性。
[Abstract]:The pipeline is an extremely important water conveyance and diversion component in the water conservancy and hydropower hub. The valve or pump unit connected to the pipeline will open and close frequently (stop, the opening and closing of the valve or the start and stop of the pump unit will result in the hydraulic transient process of the fluid in the pressurized pipeline, when the hydraulic transient process is serious, Water hammer is an extreme unsteady flow phenomenon. The occurrence of water hammer will bring great influence to the safe operation of pipeline system, because the great pressure increase or decrease will propagate in the form of water hammer wave in pipeline system. When the constraint form of a pipeline is a weak constraint form (except for a pipeline with strong constraints along the path, such as buried underground pipes, etc., it can be defined as a weakly constrained pipeline, the increase or decrease of pressure generated by water hammer will promote the vibration of the pipeline. The vibration of pipeline will cause new hydraulic transient process again, so the interaction between fluid and fluid in pipeline system is called fluid-solid coupling. The theory of solving water hammer can be divided into classical water hammer theory and fluid-solid coupling water hammer theory. The classical water hammer theory was put forward by some scholars as early as 200 years ago. The theory takes less conditions into account, simplifies the real situation and fails to take into account the dynamic characteristics of pipelines. Because the theory is simple and easy to use in the process of guiding actual industrial production, although its precision is not high, it has been widely used in the past. With the progress of society and the development of science and technology, especially the application of numerical solution technology such as finite element method developed since 1960s in water hammer, The fluid-solid coupling solution of water hammer has attracted the attention of many experts and scholars. The coupled water hammer solution developed in recent decades has experienced a process from simple to complex. On the basis of clarifying the mathematical model of classical water hammer theory and its solution (characteristic line method), the equations and discrete forms of fluid model and structure model in Adina software are studied in this paper. Finally, the FSI solution module of Adina software is used to simulate the problems to be studied in this paper. The concrete process of the whole process is as follows: firstly, the same model is solved by the characteristic line method of the classical water hammer theory proposed in the second chapter of this paper and the weak coupling solution of the fluid-solid coupling water hammer staggered integral proposed in the third chapter. The results of the two algorithms are compared to illustrate the necessity of using the fluid-solid coupling algorithm to calculate the water hammer, and then based on Adina software, the different valve closing time and the different pipe length are analyzed. Numerical simulation of fluid-solid coupling has been done with different wall thickness. Finally, the fluid-solid coupling experimental data of the pressure pipeline of the University of Dandy in England have been compared with the fluid-solid coupling calculation proposed in this paper. The rationality of the fluid-solid combination algorithm used in this paper is verified.
【學位授予單位】：昆明理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TV732.4;TV134.1

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本文編號：1996405