本文選題：深色有隔內(nèi)生真菌 + 物種多樣性�。� 參考：《河北大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本研究沿西北荒漠花棒天然分布區(qū),自東向西,于2015、2016年7月,選取內(nèi)蒙古鄂爾多斯、磴口、烏海、阿拉善,寧夏沙坡頭,甘肅民勤、安西7個(gè)樣地,采集花棒(Hedysarum scoparium Fisch.et Mey.)根際土樣和根樣,開展深色有隔內(nèi)生真菌(Dark septate endophyte,DSE)群落組成、物種多樣性、生態(tài)分布以及DSE耐鹽性研究,為闡明花棒與DSE相互關(guān)系及其適應(yīng)極端荒漠環(huán)境機(jī)理提供依據(jù)。主要試驗(yàn)結(jié)果如下:1.DSE真菌能夠高度侵染花棒根系,形成典型深色有隔菌絲和微菌核結(jié)構(gòu),2015和2016年DSE平均總定殖率分別是48.32%和63.81%。2.相關(guān)性分析表明,土壤磷酸酶、脲酶、速效磷、氨氮與DSE定殖顯著正相關(guān),有機(jī)質(zhì)、pH與DSE定殖顯著負(fù)相關(guān)。DSE菌絲直徑隨氨氮升高而減小。3.共分離鑒定DSE真菌10屬20種,即Alternaria,Cladosporium,Embellisia,Hypocrea,Microascus,Paraphoma,Preussia,Schizothecium,Curvularia,Rhizopycnis。其中6種產(chǎn)孢,其余不產(chǎn)孢。Embellisia chlamydospora,Hypocrea lacteal,Microascus cirrosus,Cladosporium oxysporum,Preussia aemulans,Curvularia spicifera和Schizothecium inaequale為荒漠生態(tài)系統(tǒng)首次報(bào)道的DSE真菌。4.安西和民勤樣地共有種為Microascus sp.;磴口和鄂爾多斯樣地共有種是Pleosporales sp.3;Embellisia chlamydospora是烏海和鄂爾多斯樣地共有種;Paraphoma radicina是阿拉善和鄂爾多斯樣地共有種;Paraphoma chrysanthemicola是磴口、阿拉善和沙坡頭樣地共有種。5.相關(guān)性分析表明,Shannon-Wiener指數(shù)和Simpson指數(shù)與土壤磷酸酶顯著正相關(guān)。冗余分析表明,Paraphoma和Pleosporales多度分別與土壤磷酸酶和氨氮顯著正相關(guān),Hypocrea和Microascus多度與pH顯著正相關(guān)。線性回歸分析表明,土壤濕度與DSE分離率、Shannon-Wiener指數(shù)、Simpson指數(shù)和均勻度指數(shù)顯著正相關(guān)。6.Embellisia chlamydospora和Cladosporium oxysporum菌株多糖與黑色素顯著負(fù)相關(guān)。過氧化氫酶(CAT)為菌株Embellisia chlamydospora主要影響因子,且與多糖、丙二醛(MDA)顯著正相關(guān),與黑色素顯著負(fù)相關(guān)。超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)為菌株Cladosporium oxysporum主要影響因子,與黑色素、MDA顯著正相關(guān),與多糖顯著負(fù)相關(guān)。
[Abstract]:In this study, the natural distribution area of flower stick along the northwest desert, from east to west, was selected from Ordos, Dengkou, Wuhai, Alashan, Shapotou, Gansu, Anxi, Inner Mongolia, Inner Mongolia in July, 2015.Hedysarum scoparium Fisch.et Mey.was collected. Studies on the community composition, species diversity, ecological distribution and salt tolerance of DSE were carried out in rhizosphere soil samples and root samples. The results provided a basis for elucidating the relationship between Rhizome and DSE and their adaptation to extreme desert environment. The main results were as follows: 1. The average total colonization rate of DSE in 2015 and 2016 was 48.32% and 63.81%, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that soil phosphatase, urease, available phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen were positively correlated with DSE colonization, and pH of organic matter was negatively correlated with DSE colonization. DSE hyphal diameter decreased with the increase of ammonia nitrogen. A total of 10 genera and 20 species of DSE fungi were isolated and identified, I. e., Cladosporia Alternariae Cladosporiumus Embellisiae, Microascusa Paraphoma PreussiaSch Schizothecium Curvularia, Rhizopycnis. Among them, 6 species produce spore, the rest do not produce spore. Embellisia chlamydospora Hypocrea lactealus Microascus cirrosusCladosporium oxysporum Preussia aemulansus Curvularia spicifera and Schizothecium inaequale are the first reported DSE fungi in desert ecosystem. The common species of Anxi and Minqin are Microascus sp., the common species of Dengkou and Ordos are Pleosporales sp. 3Embellisia chlamydospora is the common species of radicina in Wuhai and Ordos samples, and the common species of chrysanthemicola is Dengkou in Alashan and Ordos, and 5 in Alashan and Shapotou. Correlation analysis showed that Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson index were positively correlated with soil phosphatase. Redundancy analysis showed that the abundance of Paraphoma and Pleosporales were positively correlated with soil phosphatase and ammonia nitrogen, respectively. Hypocrea and Microascus abundance were positively correlated with pH, respectively. Linear regression analysis showed that soil moisture was positively correlated with Shannon-Wiener index and evenness index of DSE isolation rate. 6. Embellisia chlamydospora and Cladosporium oxysporum polysaccharides were negatively correlated with melanin. Catalase (catalase) was the main influencing factor of Embellisia chlamydospora, and was positively correlated with polysaccharides and malondialdehyde (MDA), and negatively correlated with melanin. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was the main influencing factor of Cladosporium oxysporum, which was positively correlated with melanin and negatively correlated with polysaccharides.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：Q948.122.3

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