本文選題：西藏血蜱 + 超微形態(tài)�。� 參考：《河北師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：西藏血蜱Haemaphysalis tibetensis Hoogstraal,1965僅分布于西藏自治區(qū)及甘肅省,是GRD螺旋體和環(huán)狀病毒的潛在載體,給人畜造成極大傷害。本文對西藏血蜱的超微形態(tài)和實(shí)驗(yàn)室條件下的生活史進(jìn)行了深入研究,為蜱的物種鑒定、防控及蜱傳疾病的研究奠定了基礎(chǔ)。主要研究結(jié)果如下:1.目前對西藏血蜱的形態(tài)描述僅有成蜱和若蜱的一般形態(tài)學(xué)描述,有關(guān)幼蜱的形態(tài)特征尚不清楚。本文利用掃描電鏡觀察該蜱各時期尤其是幼蜱的形態(tài)特征,并與其它近似種進(jìn)行比較。西藏血蜱幼蜱的特征為:假頭基兩側(cè)緣前段大致平行。后端呈角狀突出,后緣微弧形;基突付缺。假頭基后緣呈寬“U”形;須肢棒形;第1節(jié)短小;第2節(jié)內(nèi)緣腹背面剛毛各1根;第3節(jié)與第2節(jié)分界極不明顯,腹面刺付缺;口下板略短于須肢,齒冠短小,齒式2/2,每列具齒約6~8枚;盾板梨形,前1/3處最寬;肩突短圓,緣凹寬淺,頸溝大致平行,末端達(dá)板長的中部,刻點(diǎn)稀少;足粗細(xì)適中;基節(jié)Ⅰ內(nèi)距寬短,末端扁寬,基節(jié)Ⅱ內(nèi)距粗短,三角形,基節(jié)Ⅲ末端圓鈍;各轉(zhuǎn)節(jié)腹距付缺;爪墊較短,約達(dá)爪長的1/2處。若蜱的識別特征為:須肢第二節(jié)腹面內(nèi)緣剛毛2根;每縱列具齒8~10枚;基節(jié)Ⅰ內(nèi)距短而鈍,三角形,Ⅱ~Ⅳ呈脊?fàn)�。雄蜱主要特�?須肢第二節(jié)腹面內(nèi)緣剛毛4根;齒式5/5;內(nèi)側(cè)具齒約5枚,外側(cè)約10枚;基節(jié)Ⅰ~Ⅲ內(nèi)距寬短,末端鈍,基節(jié)Ⅳ內(nèi)距較細(xì)長。雌蜱的特征為:須肢第二節(jié)背面內(nèi)緣剛毛3根,腹面內(nèi)緣5根;齒式4/4.由內(nèi)向外為9、12、14、14枚;基節(jié)Ⅰ內(nèi)距圓鈍,Ⅱ~Ⅲ內(nèi)距呈脊?fàn)?Ⅳ內(nèi)距略呈脊?fàn)�。本文首次描述了西藏血蜱幼蜱的形態(tài)特征,并對其若蜱和成蜱的主要形態(tài)特征進(jìn)行了更詳盡的研究,與近似種做出對比,這將有助于血蜱屬亞屬的分類及該物種的鑒定。2.在實(shí)驗(yàn)室條件下對西藏血蜱的生活史進(jìn)行研究。結(jié)果表明,西藏血蜱完成生活史所需平均時間為166.7天,幼蜱和若蜱平均發(fā)育期分別為34天和41.6天。雌蜱的吸血前期、吸血期和產(chǎn)卵前期歷時23.9天,產(chǎn)卵期歷時19.4天。孵化期需47.8天,為生活史中最長的時期。線性回歸分析顯示雌蜱飽血體重與產(chǎn)卵量呈正相關(guān)(r=0.9096)。雌蜱生殖效率指數(shù)和生殖適合度指數(shù)分別為5.2和4.5。
[Abstract]:Haemaphysalis Tibetan Haemaphysalis tibetensis Hoogstraallus was only distributed in Tibet Autonomous region and Gansu Province in 1965. It is a potential carrier of GRD spiralis and cyclic virus, causing great harm to human and animal. In this paper, the ultrastructure of Haemaphysalis Xizang and the life history under laboratory conditions were studied in order to lay a foundation for species identification, control and control of ticks and tick-borne diseases. The main results are as follows: 1. At present, the morphological description of Haemaphysalis Xizang is only the general morphological description of adult and Icari, but the morphological characteristics of juvenile tick are not clear. The morphological characteristics of the ticks, especially the juvenile ticks, were observed by scanning electron microscope and compared with other similar species. The characteristics of juvenile Haemaphysalis Tibetan are as follows: the anterior segment of the bilateral margin of the false cephalus is approximately parallel. The posterior end is angular protruding, the posterior margin is arcuate; the basilar process is absent. The posterior margin of the pseudocephalic base is in the form of a broad "U" shape; the limb is clavelike; the first section is short; the ventral abaxial side of the second section has 1 setae each; the boundary between the third and the second segments is very indistinct and the ventral side is punctured; the suboral plate is slightly shorter than the limb of the suboid, and the crown of the tooth is short, Tooth type 2 / 2, each row with about 6 / 8 teeth; shield plate pear shape, with the widest width at the first 1 / 3; shoulder process short circle, margin concave wide and shallow, neck groove roughly parallel, end to the middle of plate length, notched point is rare; foot thickness is moderate; base section I is short in width, end is flat wide, The inner pitch of basal node 鈪，

本文編號：1879840