發(fā)布時間：2018-04-20 07:55

  本文選題：南雄盆地 + 南雄斷裂　； 參考：《河北地質(zhì)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：南雄盆地位于廣東北部與江西南部的交界地帶,是一處晚白堊紀(jì)以來形成的NE-SW走向的不規(guī)則條帶狀半地塹式的箕狀斷陷盆地,是粵北地區(qū)典型的拉張斷陷紅層盆地,南雄斷裂是南雄盆地的控盆斷裂。本文對南雄盆地及南雄斷裂的區(qū)域地質(zhì)背景、地質(zhì)成因、構(gòu)造-沉積演化及紅層地貌發(fā)育等方面問題綜合地球化學(xué)特征、地層學(xué)、年代學(xué)、地貌學(xué)等相關(guān)學(xué)科進行了詳細(xì)的探討和總結(jié),主要取得了以下主要認(rèn)識和結(jié)論:1.南雄斷裂可能在早白堊世的早期(約140Ma左右)就開始了拉張作用,南雄盆地隨著南雄斷裂的拉張開始形成并接受沉積,隨后由于區(qū)域應(yīng)力場由拉張轉(zhuǎn)為擠壓,南雄盆地存在該時代的地層缺失。2.南雄斷裂的形成是多種因素共同作用的結(jié)果,印支-燕山期形成的造山帶由于重力失穩(wěn)導(dǎo)致的拉張作用以及區(qū)域上的拉張應(yīng)力場或是斷裂形成的最主要原因,而燕山期的巖漿熱隆規(guī)模較小,不足以為斷裂的長期活動提供充足動力,因此只能是斷裂形成的次要因素。3.南雄斷裂的巖石學(xué)特征指示斷裂運動存在韌性-脆性的轉(zhuǎn)變,斷裂帶內(nèi)的巖石具有較為明顯的分帶特征,自斷裂下盤至上盤根據(jù)巖性大致分為構(gòu)造片理化帶、硅化過渡帶和構(gòu)造碎裂帶。4.南雄盆地的基底物質(zhì)組成較為復(fù)雜,不同區(qū)域的基底的巖石密度和布格重力異常特征均顯示不同特征,盆地的西半盆基底巖石密度較小,由早古生代變質(zhì)巖組成,東半盆基底密度較大,為結(jié)晶作用強、密度較大的花崗巖組成。5.南雄盆地的地層發(fā)育與南雄斷裂的活動存在階段性的對應(yīng)關(guān)系,南雄斷裂不同時期的運動在盆地內(nèi)部地層中均有所體現(xiàn)。當(dāng)南雄斷裂發(fā)生快速拉張時,在盆地內(nèi)部對應(yīng)形成一套快速沉積的粗碎屑沉積,分選磨圓均較差,且多伴有小規(guī)模的順層玄武巖侵入。當(dāng)南雄斷裂拉張運動較為穩(wěn)定時,對應(yīng)盆地內(nèi)部形成一套粒徑較細(xì)的砂巖、粉砂巖等。當(dāng)南雄斷裂在始新世由拉張轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閿D壓時,南雄盆地就停止了沉積過程并逐漸封閉抬升,遭受剝蝕。6.南雄盆地的紅層地貌發(fā)育與構(gòu)造運動有著密切的聯(lián)系,晚白堊世到始新世期間為紅層沉積提供了必要的空間,后期構(gòu)造運動和區(qū)域應(yīng)力作用下形成的共軛剪節(jié)理、斷面控制了盆地內(nèi)紅層山地、丹霞地貌的形態(tài)特征及分布,新構(gòu)造運動以來的間歇式抬升造成了盆地內(nèi)部4級紅層臺地的形成,在后期地表流水和重力崩塌的影響下形成了高低起伏的紅層丘陵,但盆地內(nèi)部出現(xiàn)的劣地式紅層荒漠系人為成因。
[Abstract]:The Nanxiong basin is located in the border area between northern Guangdong and southern Jiangxi. It is an irregular banded semi-graben graben basin formed since the late Cretaceous. It is a typical extensional fault depression red bed basin in northern Guangdong. Nanxiong fault is a controlled basin fault in Nanxiong basin. In this paper, the geochemistry, stratigraphy, chronology of the Nanxiong Basin and the Nanxiong fault are discussed in terms of their regional geological background, geological origin, tectonic-sedimentary evolution and red bed geomorphology. Geomorphology and other related disciplines have been discussed and summarized in detail, and the following main understandings and conclusions have been obtained. The Nanxiong fault probably began to stretch in the early Cretaceous (about 140Ma). The Nanxiong basin formed and accepted the deposit with the extension of the Nanxiong fault, and then the regional stress field changed from tensioning to squeezing. In Nanxiong Basin, there is a stratigraphic deficiency of the age. 2. The formation of Nanxiong fault is the result of a combination of many factors, and the main reason for the extension of the Indosinian Yanshanian orogenic belt due to gravity instability and the tensile stress field in the region or the formation of the fault, The Yanshanian magmatic thermal uplift is small enough to provide sufficient power for the long-term activity of the fault, so it can only be a secondary factor of fault formation. The petrological characteristics of the Nanxiong fault indicate that the movement of the fault is ductile and brittle, and the rocks in the fault zone have obvious zonation characteristics. According to the lithology, the upper face of the self-fault downplane is roughly divided into structural sheet physical and chemical zones. Silicification transitional zone and tectonic fragmentation zone. 4. The material composition of the basement in Nanxiong Basin is quite complex. The rock density and Bouguer gravity anomaly of the basement in different regions all show different characteristics. The basement rock density of the western half basin of the basin is small and is composed of early Paleozoic metamorphic rocks. The basement density of the east half basin is high, which is composed of granites with strong crystallization and high density. The stratigraphic development of Nanxiong basin has a corresponding relationship with the activity of Nanxiong fault, and the movement of Nanxiong fault in different periods is reflected in the inner strata of the basin. During the rapid extension of Nanxiong fault, a set of rapid depositional coarse clastic deposits were formed in the basin, and the separation and grinding circles were poor, and most of them were accompanied by small scale intrusion of bedding basalt. When the extensional movement of Nanxiong fault is relatively stable, a set of fine grain size sandstone and siltstone are formed in the corresponding basin. When the Nanxiong fault changed from extension to compression in the Eocene, the Nanxiong basin stopped the sedimentary process and gradually closed and uplifted and suffered denudation. The development of red bed geomorphology in Nanxiong Basin is closely related to tectonic movement. During the period of late Cretaceous to Eocene, it provides necessary space for red bed sedimentation, and conjugate shear joints formed under the action of late tectonic movement and regional stress. The cross section controls the red bed mountains in the basin, and the morphological characteristics and distribution of the Danxia landform. The intermittent uplift since the neotectonic movement resulted in the formation of the 4 grade red bed platform in the basin. Under the influence of surface water and gravity collapse, the red beds hilly with high and low fluctuation were formed in the late stage, but the red bed desert system in the interior of the basin was formed artificially.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北地質(zhì)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P542

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