本文選題：貴州水族 + 遺傳標(biāo)記��； 參考：《貴州醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的:1.評估CSF1PO、D3S1358、D5S818等22個(gè)基因座在貴州水族人群中作為法醫(yī)學(xué)遺傳標(biāo)記的效能。調(diào)查DYS390,DYS391,DYS392等23個(gè)Y-STR基因座和線粒體DNA在貴州水族群里中的多態(tài)性。2.探究貴州水族族源以及與其他16個(gè)民族群體之間的遺傳差異。方法:1.采集貴州水族無關(guān)個(gè)體血樣400份,采用Chelex-100法提取血樣DNA;2.用PowerPlex?Fusion,PowerPlex?Y23擴(kuò)增體系進(jìn)行22個(gè)常染色體和23個(gè)Y染色體的STR復(fù)合擴(kuò)增,擴(kuò)增產(chǎn)物用ABI 3500遺傳分析儀進(jìn)行毛細(xì)管電泳分離,使用Gene mapper ID-X1.3軟件進(jìn)行基因分型;3.對mt DNA進(jìn)行PCR擴(kuò)增,序列測定,拼接以及多態(tài)性命名;4.使用Powermarker,WinArl3.5,MAGE4.0等軟件,統(tǒng)計(jì)各群體遺傳多態(tài)性數(shù)據(jù)并對群體間遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果:1.完成檢測303個(gè)樣本的22個(gè)常染色體基因座,共檢出227個(gè)等位基因,各等位基因頻率分布在0.0036~0.5324之間,22個(gè)STR基因座的雜合度(H)在0.5927~0.8907之間,多態(tài)信息含量(PIC)在0.5314~0.8819之間,個(gè)體識(shí)別能力(DP)0.7605~0.9778之間,非父排除概率(PE)在0.2822~0.7765之間,匹配概率(PM)在0.0222~0.2395之間。累積匹配概率(CPM)為3.4968×10-26,累積親權(quán)指數(shù)(CPI)為3.4234×108,累積非父排除概率(CPE)為0.99999967585。2.完成檢測200樣本的Y-STR,共觀察到了173個(gè)Y-STR單倍型,其中有154個(gè)獨(dú)有單倍型,19個(gè)共享單倍型,Y染色體的單倍型差異度(HD)為0.9993;完成檢測80個(gè)樣本的mtDNA,總共觀察到了75個(gè)mtDNA單倍型,其中有70個(gè)獨(dú)有單倍型,5個(gè)共享單倍型。mt DNA基因座的單倍型差異度(HD)為0.9984;3.常染色體方面,貴州水族與廣西漢族,廣西壯族,廣西瑤族之間的等位基因頻率沒有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,與其他民族的等位基因頻率之間差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。Y染色體貴州水族與其他民族的等位基因頻率之間差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05);4.常染色體STR的系統(tǒng)發(fā)生樹顯示16個(gè)民族主要分為兩個(gè)主干,其中一個(gè)主干由云南壯族單獨(dú)構(gòu)成,另外一個(gè)主干由貴州水族與其余14個(gè)民族聚合構(gòu)成。Y-STR的系統(tǒng)發(fā)生樹顯示11個(gè)民族主要分為兩個(gè)主干,其中一個(gè)主干由廣西瑤族單獨(dú)構(gòu)成,另外一個(gè)主干由貴州水族與其余9個(gè)民族聚合構(gòu)成。結(jié)論:1.PowerPlex?Fusion,PowerPlex?Y23復(fù)合擴(kuò)增體系均滿足法醫(yī)學(xué)檢案的需要,可用于貴州水族群體個(gè)體識(shí)別和親子鑒定;2.線粒體DNA在貴州水族人群中有一定多態(tài)性;3.對貴州水族的族源研究結(jié)果進(jìn)一步支持了此前學(xué)者提出的“廣東廣西遷來說”,貴州水族與其他民族群體之間的遺傳關(guān)系與其語系和語族,地理,歷史資料基本吻合;4.研究結(jié)果將促進(jìn)貴州水族的族源研究,同時(shí)豐富我國民族研究資料,為后續(xù)各民族群體族源的推斷以及民族群體間遺傳關(guān)系的研究提供信息。
[Abstract]:Purpose 1.To evaluate the efficacy of 22 loci of CSF1POP D3S1358 D5S818 as forensic genetic markers in Guizhou aquatic population.To investigate the polymorphism of 23 Y-STR loci and mitochondrial DNA of DYS390, DYS392 and DYS391in Guizhou aquatic population.To explore the genetic differences between the origin and other 16 ethnic groups of the Shui nationality in Guizhou.Method 1: 1.Four hundred blood samples from unrelated individuals in Guizhou were collected and DNA 2. 2 was extracted by Chelex-100 method.The STR of 22 autosomes and 23 Y chromosomes were amplified by PowerPlexus fusion Y23 amplification system. The products were separated by capillary electrophoresis with ABI 3500 genetic analyzer and genotyped by Gene mapper ID-X1.3 software.Mt DNA was amplified by PCR, sequenced, spliced and named by polymorphic nomenclature.Using Powermarker WinArl3.5 and MAGE4.0, the genetic polymorphism data of each population were collected and the genetic structure among populations was analyzed.The result is 1: 1.22 autosomal loci of 303 samples were detected and 227 alleles were detected. The frequency of alleles was between 0.0036 and 0.5324. The heterozygosity of 22 STR loci was between 0.5927 and 0.8907, and the polymorphic information content (STR) was between 0.5314 and 0.8819.The ability of individual recognition is between 0.7605 and 0.9778, the probability of non-paternal exclusion is between 0.2822 and 0.7765, and the matching probability is between 0.0222 and 0.2395.The cumulative matching probability was 3.4968 脳 10 ~ (-26), the cumulative parental power index was 3.4234 脳 10 ~ (8), and the cumulative non-paternal exclusion probability was 0.9999 996 7585.2.A total of 173 Y-STR haplotypes were observed, of which 154 were unique haplotypes, and 19 shared haplotypes were 0.9993, and 75 mtDNA haplotypes were observed in 80 samples.Among them, 70 haplotypes and 5 haplotypes. Mt DNA loci haplotype difference (HDD) was 0.9984 T3.In terms of autosomal alleles, there was no significant difference in allelic frequencies between Guizhou Shui nationality and Guangxi Han nationality, Guangxi Zhuang nationality and Guangxi Yao nationality.There was significant difference in allelic frequency between Guizhou and other nationalities. There was significant difference in allele frequency between Guizhou Shui nationality and other nationalities.The phylogenetic tree of autosomal STR showed that the 16 nationalities were mainly divided into two main trunks, one of which was composed of Yunnan Zhuang nationality alone.The phylogenetic tree of the other trunk, composed of Guizhou Water and the other 14 ethnic groups, shows that the 11 ethnic groups are mainly divided into two main trunks, one of which is composed of the Guangxi Yao nationality alone.The other trunk is composed of Guizhou Water nationality and the other 9 nationalities.Conclusion: 1. The multiplex amplification system of PowerPlexus fusion Y23 can meet the needs of forensic medical examination, and can be used for individual identification and paternity test of aquatic population in Guizhou Province.Mitochondrial DNA is polymorphic in Guizhou aquatic population.The results of the study on the origin of Guizhou Shui nationality further support the previous scholars'"Guangdong and Guangxi migration". The genetic relationship between the water race and other ethnic groups in Guizhou is basically consistent with its language family and language family, geography and historical data.The results of the study will promote the study of the ethnic origin of the Shui nationality in Guizhou and enrich the data of the ethnic study in China, which will provide information for the further study of the ethnic origin of the various ethnic groups and the genetic relationship among the ethnic groups.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：貴州醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R394

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