本文選題：煤炭開(kāi)采　切入點(diǎn)：巖溶水　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：晉祠泉是太原市的第二大巖溶泉,是當(dāng)?shù)毓I(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)及居民生活用水的重要水源。作為我國(guó)重要焦煤基地之一的古交礦區(qū),恰好位于晉祠泉域的補(bǔ)給區(qū),由于其地理位置的特殊性,使得古交礦區(qū)的煤炭開(kāi)采活動(dòng)對(duì)晉祠泉域的巖溶水產(chǎn)生了重大影響。隨著古交煤炭開(kāi)采量的增加,煤系地層各附巖含水層出現(xiàn)了不同程度的破壞,采煤疏排地下水成為當(dāng)?shù)氐叵滤判沟闹饕绞?從而進(jìn)一步加劇了古交巖溶地下水位的持續(xù)下降,使當(dāng)?shù)厮Y源供需矛盾日益突出。煤炭開(kāi)采對(duì)巖溶地下水的影響不容忽視,研究古交地區(qū)煤炭開(kāi)采對(duì)巖溶水的影響機(jī)制及影響規(guī)律十分必要,對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)赜盟踩谋Ｕ虾退Y源的可持續(xù)利用具有重要意義。本文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容及成果如下:(1)在系統(tǒng)收集和整理大量研究區(qū)數(shù)據(jù)資料的基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)水文地質(zhì)條件分析,掌握古交礦區(qū)各含水層的類型、賦存條件、分布規(guī)律,明確各含水層的補(bǔ)給來(lái)源和排泄途徑�；谌S可視化結(jié)構(gòu)軟件GMS構(gòu)建古交三維地質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)模型,直觀認(rèn)識(shí)和分析古交巖溶含水層與其他含水層的位置關(guān)系和水力聯(lián)系。(2)以采煤活動(dòng)影響下含水層結(jié)構(gòu)變化機(jī)理和礦坑排水水源組成分析為前提,探討古交地區(qū)煤炭開(kāi)采對(duì)不同含水層補(bǔ)給、徑流、排泄的影響,以目標(biāo)含水層與其他含水層間的水力聯(lián)系為基礎(chǔ),綜合分析古交煤炭開(kāi)采對(duì)巖溶含水層補(bǔ)給、徑流、排泄條件的影響。(3)建立古交煤炭開(kāi)采對(duì)巖溶水影響的量化分析模型。將1980年前視為無(wú)采煤期,1980年后視為采煤期�；�1975~1980年數(shù)據(jù),應(yīng)用地下水模擬軟件GMS對(duì)研究區(qū)水文地質(zhì)條件進(jìn)行概化,通過(guò)識(shí)別驗(yàn)證,建立古交無(wú)采煤影響的巖溶水?dāng)?shù)值模型;以此模型為基礎(chǔ),選取存在實(shí)際統(tǒng)測(cè)水位的年份1985年、2000年及2009年,模擬三年無(wú)采煤影響的巖溶水水位,通過(guò)與實(shí)測(cè)水位對(duì)比,并結(jié)合歷年原煤開(kāi)采量數(shù)據(jù),分析古交煤炭開(kāi)采對(duì)巖溶水的影響量及影響規(guī)律。研究結(jié)果表明:在采煤影響下,古交巖溶水位在1980年到1985年下降7.42m、平均噸煤影響率為4.65m3/t,1980年到2000年巖溶水位下降20.65m、平均噸煤影響率3.32m3/t,1980年到2009年巖溶水位下降29.71m,平均噸煤影響率2.51m3/t,表明在模擬期內(nèi)采煤對(duì)古交巖溶水的影響量逐漸變大,噸煤影響率在減少。
[Abstract]:Jinci Spring is the second largest karst spring in Taiyuan. It is an important source of water for local industry, agriculture and residents.Gujiao mining area, one of the important coking coal bases in China, happens to be located in the supply area of Jinci spring area. Because of the particularity of its geographical location, the coal mining activities in Gujiao mining area have a great influence on the karst water in Jinci spring area.With the increase of coal exploitation in Gujiao, the strata of coal measures have been destroyed to varying degrees, and the drainage of underground water from coal mining has become the main way of drainage of local groundwater.Thus, the groundwater level of Gujiao karst continues to decline, and the contradiction between supply and demand of local water resources is becoming increasingly prominent.The influence of coal mining on karst groundwater can not be ignored. It is necessary to study the influence mechanism and law of coal mining on karst water in Gujiao area. It is of great significance to ensure the safety of local water use and the sustainable utilization of water resources.The main contents and results of this paper are as follows: (1) on the basis of systematically collecting and arranging a large number of data in the study area, through the analysis of hydrogeological conditions, we can master the types, conditions of occurrence and distribution of aquifers in Gujiao mining area.Identify recharge sources and discharge routes for each aquifer.The 3D geological structure model of Gujiao was constructed based on 3D visualization structure software GMS.Intuitionistic understanding and analysis of the location relationship and hydraulic relation between Gujiao karst aquifer and other aquifers. (2) based on the analysis of aquifer structure change mechanism and water source composition of mine drainage under the influence of coal mining activities,This paper discusses the influence of coal mining on the recharge, runoff and discharge of different aquifers in Gujiao area. Based on the hydraulic relationship between the target aquifer and other aquifers, the recharge and runoff of karst aquifer by coal mining in Gujiao are comprehensively analyzed.The quantitative analysis model of the influence of Gujiao coal mining on karst water is established.Before 1980 as the mining period, after 1980 as the mining period.Based on the data from 1975 to 1980, the groundwater simulation software GMS is used to generalize the hydrogeological conditions in the study area. Through identification and verification, a numerical model of karst water without the influence of coal mining in Gujiao is established, which is based on the model.In 1985, 2000 and 2009, the karst water level without the influence of coal mining was simulated in the years of 1985, 2000 and 2009, and compared with the measured water level, and combined with the data of raw coal extraction over the years.The influence of Gujiao coal mining on karst water is analyzed.The results show that under the influence of coal mining,The influence of coal on karst water in Gujiao gradually increased.The influence rate of ton coal is decreasing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P641.8;TD82

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