本文選題：疣螈屬　切入點(diǎn)：新種　出處：《安徽大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：依托大別山地區(qū)的兩棲爬行動(dòng)物監(jiān)測(cè)工作,在安徽岳西鷂落坪國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)疣螈屬新物種�；诰�粒體多基因(NM1、ND2、Cytb)序列構(gòu)建疣螈屬系統(tǒng)發(fā)育樹(shù),結(jié)果顯示其與文縣疣螈、寬脊疣螈、大別疣螈親緣關(guān)系較近,但其在系統(tǒng)發(fā)生中單獨(dú)聚為一支。該新種疣螈屬其它物種之間有著明顯的差異,其主要形態(tài)特征為:頭長(zhǎng)大于頭寬,頭側(cè)脊棱明顯而且向內(nèi)彎曲;指、趾末端、泄殖孔周緣及尾下緣呈現(xiàn)桔紅色。通過(guò)形態(tài)學(xué)與分子系統(tǒng)學(xué)分析,認(rèn)為該物種應(yīng)屬于細(xì)痣疣螈種組,并將其命名為安徽疣螈(Tylototriton anhuiensis sp.nov.)。為了對(duì)該物種開(kāi)展進(jìn)一步的保護(hù)遺傳學(xué)研究,本論文還完成了對(duì)三種微衛(wèi)星的分離和篩選,并得到17個(gè)多態(tài)性較好的位點(diǎn),其中兩堿基重復(fù)位點(diǎn)8個(gè)、三堿基重復(fù)位點(diǎn)1個(gè),四堿基重復(fù)位點(diǎn)8個(gè)。在32個(gè)安徽疣螈中,兩堿基微衛(wèi)星位點(diǎn)的期望雜合度(He):0.538～0.881、觀測(cè)雜合度(Ho):0.719～1.000、PIC值:0.419～0.85、等位基因數(shù)(NA):從3～13;三堿基位點(diǎn)的期望雜合度0.813、觀測(cè)雜合度1.000、PIC值0.776;四堿基位點(diǎn)的期望雜合度0.593～0.843、觀測(cè)雜合度0.448～0.80、PIC值0.558～0.811、等位基因數(shù)5～13。本研究還測(cè)定了安徽疣螈線粒體基因組。線粒體基因組全長(zhǎng)為16259bp,堿基組成為A 33.6%、G 14.5%、C 26.3%、T 25.6%。安徽疣螈線粒體基因結(jié)構(gòu)與經(jīng)典脊椎動(dòng)物基因排列一致,由38個(gè)基因組成,其中包括22個(gè)tRNA、2個(gè)rRNA(12s和16s)、13個(gè)蛋白質(zhì)編碼區(qū)及一個(gè)非編碼的控制區(qū)(D-loop)。基于線粒體基因組構(gòu)建的系統(tǒng)發(fā)生數(shù)分為明顯的兩支,分別對(duì)應(yīng)于棕黑疣螈種組和細(xì)痣疣螈種組。棕黑疣螈種組內(nèi)的物種之間的系統(tǒng)關(guān)系未得到很好的支持,棕黑疣螈與紅瘰疣螈、滇南疣螈的關(guān)系非常接近,其分類(lèi)地位可能需要進(jìn)一步的研究。在細(xì)痣疣螈種組內(nèi),安徽疣螈和文縣疣螈關(guān)系最近,互為姊妹種。系統(tǒng)發(fā)生分析揭示了細(xì)痣疣螈、文縣疣螈和安徽疣螈三者的密切關(guān)系,也解釋了在研究歷史上這幾個(gè)物種的名稱(chēng)變化過(guò)程的緣由。
[Abstract]:Based on the monitoring of amphibians and reptiles in the Dabie Mountain area, a new species of the genus Vapanus was found in Yuexi Hailuping National Nature Reserve, Anhui Province. Based on the sequence of mitochondrial polygene NM1Nd2 (Cytb), the phylogenetic tree of the genus was constructed. The phylogenetic relationship of the two species is close, but it is a single branch in the phylogenesis. There are obvious differences among other species of this new species, the main morphological characteristics are that the head grows larger than the width of the head. The edge of the cephalic ridge was obvious and bent inward; the ends of the fingers, the ends of the toes, the margin around the ejaculation pore and the lower margin of the tail were orange red. By morphological and molecular systematics analysis, it was concluded that the species should belong to the group of Nevus verrucatus. The species was named Tylototriton anhuiensis sp.nov.All the three microsatellites were isolated and screened in this paper, and 17 polymorphic loci were obtained in order to further study the conservation genetics of the species. Among them, 8 were two base repeats, 1 tribasic repeats and 8 tetrabasic repeats. The expected heterozygosity of two base microsatellite loci (Hew: 0.538 / 0.881), the observed heterozygosity (Ho: 0.7191.000), the number of alleles: from 3 to 13; the expected heterozygosity of three base loci from 3 to 13; the expected heterozygosity of three base sites from 0.813; the expected heterozygosity of four base sites from 0.593 to 0.843; the observed heterozygosity from 0.4480.80 to 0.80; The total length of mitochondrial genome was 16259bpp, and the base composition was A33.6C 26.3C 26.3T 25.60.The mitochondrial gene structure of Anhuianotl was consistent with that of the classical vertebrate genes, and the total length of the mitochondrial genome was 16259bpand the base composition of the mitochondrial genome was A33.6c26.3 T25.60.The results showed that the mitochondrial gene structure of Anhuianotl was consistent with that of the classical vertebrates. It consists of 38 genes, including 22 tRNAs, 2 rRNA(12s and 16 sRNAs, 13 protein coding regions and a non-coding control region, D-loop. The number of phylogeny constructed based on mitochondrial genome is divided into two distinct branches. The phylogenetic relationship between the species in the group was not well supported, and the relationship among the species was very close to that of the S.scrofula, and the relationship between the two species was very close to that in the south of Yunnan, and the relationship between the species of the species was not well supported, and the relationship between the two groups was very close, and the relationship between the two groups was very close. Its taxonomic status may need further study. In the group of Nevus verrucatus species, the relationship between Anhui warts and Wenxian warts is very recent, and they are sister species. The phylogenetic analysis revealed the close relationship among the three species: Nevus nevus, Wenxian warts and Anhui warts. It also explains how the names of these species have changed over the course of research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：Q959

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 Tao PAN;Yanan ZHANG;Hui WANG;Jun WU;Xing KANG;Lifu QIAN;Kai LI;Yu ZHANG;Jinyun CHEN;Dingqi RAO;Jianping JIANG;Baowei ZHANG;;A New Species of the Genus Rhacophorus(Anura: Rhacophoridae)from Dabie Mountains in East China[J];Asian Herpetological Research;2017年01期

2 Janak Raj KHATIWADA;Bin WANG;Subarna GHIMIRE;Karthikeyan VASUDEVAN;Shanta PAUDEL;Jianping JIANG;;A New Species of the Genus Tylototriton(Amphibia: Urodela: Salamandridae) from Eastern Himalaya[J];Asian Herpetological Research;2015年04期

3 潘濤;周文良;史文博;趙凱;陳錦云;汪文革;儲(chǔ)俊;蒲發(fā)光;顧長(zhǎng)明;張保衛(wèi);;大別山地區(qū)兩棲爬行動(dòng)物區(qū)系調(diào)查[J];動(dòng)物學(xué)雜志;2014年02期

4 Daode YANG;Jianping JIANG;Youhui SHEN;Dongbo FEI;;A New Species of the Genus Tylototriton (Urodela: Salamandridae) from Northeastern Hunan Province, China[J];Asian Herpetological Research;2014年01期

5 陳星;沈永義;張亞平;;線粒體DNA在分子進(jìn)化研究中的應(yīng)用[J];動(dòng)物學(xué)研究;2012年06期

6 趙桃艷;饒定齊;劉寧;李飚;袁思棋;;棕黑疣螈種組分子系統(tǒng)發(fā)育分析及大圍山疣螈新種描述[J];西部林業(yè)科學(xué);2012年05期

7 Xin HUANG;Tao PAN;Demin HAN;Liang ZHANG;Yinxu HOU;Lei YU;Heming ZHENG;Baowei ZHANG;;A New Species of the Genus Protobothrops(Squamata:Viperidae:Crotalinae) from the Dabie Mountains,Anhui,China[J];Asian Herpetological Research;2012年03期

8 侯勉;李丕鵬;呂順清;;疣螈屬形態(tài)學(xué)研究進(jìn)展及四隱存居群地位的初步確定[J];黃山學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2012年03期

9 Youhui SHEN;Jianping JIANG;Xiaoyang MO;;A New Species of the Genus Tylototriton(Amphibia,Salamandridae) from Hunan,China[J];Asian Herpetological Research;2012年01期

10 岳桂東;高強(qiáng);羅龍海;王軍一;許姣卉;尹燁;;高通量測(cè)序技術(shù)在動(dòng)植物研究領(lǐng)域中的應(yīng)用[J];中國(guó)科學(xué):生命科學(xué);2012年02期

，

本文編號(hào)：1648502