本文選題：黑脈金斑蝶　切入點(diǎn)：bHLH　出處：《江蘇大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：堿性螺旋-環(huán)-螺旋(basic helix-loop-helix,bHLH)轉(zhuǎn)錄因子廣泛存在于動(dòng)物、植物及真菌中,組成了一個(gè)龐大的轉(zhuǎn)錄因子超家族,對生物的生長發(fā)育起著重要的調(diào)控作用。動(dòng)物bHLH轉(zhuǎn)錄因子按照功能特性分為45個(gè)家族,同時(shí)根據(jù)所結(jié)合的目標(biāo)DNA元件和自身結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)將45個(gè)家族分為A、B、C、D、E和F六個(gè)高階組;其中A組22個(gè)家族、B組12個(gè)家族、C組7個(gè)家族、D組1個(gè)家族、E組2個(gè)家族以及F組1個(gè)家族。黑脈金斑蝶(Danaus plexippus)是鱗翅目斑蝶屬的模式種,是地球上唯一一種遷徙性蝴蝶,對黑脈金斑蝶基因表達(dá)模式的研究具有重要意義與價(jià)值。分析與鑒定黑脈金斑蝶中具有哪些bHLH轉(zhuǎn)錄因子家族成員有助于對其遷徙行為以及晝夜節(jié)律響應(yīng)等開展進(jìn)一步研究。本文采用Blast搜索、多序列比對和系統(tǒng)發(fā)生分析等生物信息學(xué)手段對黑脈金斑蝶的bHLH轉(zhuǎn)錄因子進(jìn)行鑒定和分類,并將其與其它昆蟲的bHLH家族成員進(jìn)行比較與分析,獲得如下結(jié)果:1、從黑脈金斑蝶基因組中成功鑒定出55個(gè)bHLH家族成員,并將其歸入40個(gè)基因家族和6個(gè)高階組;其成員分別為A組26個(gè),B組10個(gè),C組11個(gè),D組1個(gè),E組6個(gè)以及F組1個(gè);通過分析黑脈金斑蝶bHLH蛋白的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)域,發(fā)現(xiàn)其成員符合動(dòng)物各高階組bHLH蛋白結(jié)構(gòu)域的特征。2、在鑒定出的55個(gè)黑脈金斑蝶bHLH家族成員中,49個(gè)成員在Gen Bank蛋白序列數(shù)據(jù)庫中有對應(yīng)的蛋白質(zhì)序列,其中24條的注釋與我們的分類結(jié)果一致,8條與我們的分類結(jié)果不一致,17條注釋為假定蛋白;因此,本研究為修訂25條及新增6條新的黑脈金斑蝶bHLH蛋白注釋信息提供了有用資料。3、黑脈金斑蝶在E12/E47、MyoD、Twist和Hand家族中分別具有2個(gè)成員,其它昆蟲一般只有1個(gè)成員。黑脈金斑蝶具有3個(gè)AHR家族成員,其它昆蟲一般只有2個(gè)成員。上述五個(gè)家族成員的bHLH基因分別在調(diào)控肌肉、心臟、氣管的發(fā)育中發(fā)揮作用,意味著黑脈金斑蝶為了適應(yīng)長距離遷徙很可能演化出了特殊的發(fā)育調(diào)控機(jī)理。4、本文還詳細(xì)調(diào)查了14種昆蟲bHLH基序編碼區(qū)內(nèi)含子的分布情況,得到了昆蟲bHLH基序編碼區(qū)內(nèi)含子分布的總體特征,即:昆蟲B組bHLH基序編碼區(qū)分別與A、C、E和F組共同擁有某種內(nèi)含子結(jié)構(gòu),說明其它組的bHLH編碼區(qū)均不同程度地繼承了B組的內(nèi)含子結(jié)構(gòu);只有A組bHLH在螺旋1區(qū)存在內(nèi)含子,這些內(nèi)含子很可能是昆蟲為了創(chuàng)造新的bHLH基因而插入的。上述研究結(jié)果不僅為進(jìn)一步研究bHLH轉(zhuǎn)錄因子在黑脈金斑蝶生長發(fā)育中的調(diào)控機(jī)理建立了良好基礎(chǔ),也為比較分析不同昆蟲bHLH基因的結(jié)構(gòu)與功能以及探討昆蟲bHLH基因結(jié)構(gòu)的演化機(jī)理積累了有用資料。
[Abstract]:Basic helix-loop-helix-loop-helixhhh (basic helix-loop-helixhhh) transcription factors are widely found in animals, plants and fungi, forming a large superfamily of transcription factors. Animal bHLH transcription factors were divided into 45 families according to their functional characteristics, and 45 families were divided into six higher order groups according to their target DNA elements and their own structural characteristics. Among them, group A, group B, group B, family group C, group C, group C, family group D, group D, family group E, group E, family 2 and group F. Danaus plexiippus) is a model species of the genus Lepidoptera and the only migratory butterfly on earth. It is of great significance and value to study the gene expression pattern of Erythropodes nigra. The analysis and identification of the bHLH transcription factor family members in this species is helpful to the development of its migration behavior and circadian rhythm response. This paper uses Blast search, The bHLH transcription factors were identified and classified by multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis, and compared with the bHLH family members of other insects. The following results were obtained: 1. 55 members of the bHLH family were successfully identified from the genome of Monodon nigra and classified into 40 gene families and 6 higher order groups. Its members were group A, group A, group B, group B, group 10, group C, group C, group 11, group D, group 1, group E, group E, group F, one. It was found that its members were in accordance with the characteristics of the bHLH protein domain of various higher order groups of animals. Among the 55 identified members of the bHLH family, 49 members had corresponding protein sequences in the Gen Bank protein sequence database. Of these, 24 notes are consistent with our classification results and 8 are inconsistent with our classification results. 17 notes are hypothetical proteins; therefore, This study provides useful data for revising 25 and 6 new bHLH protein annotation information. The E12 / E47 MyoDU Twist and Hand families have two members, respectively, in the E12 / E47 MyoDU Twist family and in the E12 / E47 MyoDU Twist family. The other insects usually have only one member. There are three members of the AHR family and two members of the other insects. The bHLH genes of the five family members play a role in regulating the development of muscle, heart and trachea, respectively. In order to adapt to long distance migration, a special developmental regulation mechanism. 4. The distribution of intron in bHLH motif coding region of 14 species of insects was investigated in detail. The general characteristics of intron distribution in insect bHLH motif coding region were obtained, that is, insect group B bHLH motif coding region shared a certain intron structure with group A Con E and group F, respectively. The results show that the bHLH coding regions of other groups inherit the intron structure of group B to some extent, only group A bHLH has intron in helix 1 region. These introns were probably inserted by insects in order to create new bHLH genes. These results not only provide a good basis for further study on the regulation mechanism of bHLH transcription factors in the growth and development of Erythropodes nigra. It also provides useful data for comparing and analyzing the structure and function of different insect bHLH genes and for exploring the evolution mechanism of insect bHLH gene structure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：Q963

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本文編號：1647969