本文選題：二苯并噻吩　切入點(diǎn)：脫硫菌　出處：《吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：一提到能源,人們大多數(shù)會(huì)想到各種化石燃料,而化石燃料主要包括石油、煤炭、天然氣等,這是時(shí)下世界各個(gè)國(guó)家應(yīng)用最廣泛的能源物質(zhì)。尤其是石油的開(kāi)發(fā)使用,它的貯備量與國(guó)家的命運(yùn)緊密的聯(lián)系起來(lái),同時(shí)也關(guān)乎國(guó)家的工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)命脈,所以被人們形象的譽(yù)為“工業(yè)的血液”。化石燃料的形成與結(jié)構(gòu)是非常特殊而復(fù)雜的,幾乎所有的化石燃料多含有硫元素,其中包括了無(wú)機(jī)硫和有機(jī)硫。無(wú)機(jī)硫多數(shù)以單質(zhì)硫、硫鐵礦等形式存在;有機(jī)硫主要包括硫醚、硫醇、噻吩和其他結(jié)構(gòu)更為復(fù)雜的雜環(huán)化合物。而這些硫通過(guò)各種各樣的方式排放到大氣中,對(duì)環(huán)境造成了嚴(yán)重的污染,所以如何降低有機(jī)硫的排放量成為了世界各個(gè)國(guó)家最緊迫最棘手的任務(wù)之一,而二苯并噻吩(DBT)則是石油中最主要的雜環(huán)類含硫有機(jī)化合物,并且傳統(tǒng)的脫硫工藝很難去除。所以大多數(shù)的生物脫硫技術(shù)通常以DBT為模型化合物來(lái)進(jìn)行研究。本論文則以DBT作為唯一硫源,從被石油污染的土壤中馴化、分離篩選出一株具有活性高且能專一性的降解DBT的脫硫菌株5-1。通過(guò)BIOLOG鑒定結(jié)果為棒桿菌屬,革蘭氏染色呈陽(yáng)性。通過(guò)測(cè)定菌株5-1的生長(zhǎng)曲線可知,菌株5-1生長(zhǎng)約為12h后開(kāi)始進(jìn)入了對(duì)數(shù)期,大概能持續(xù)時(shí)間達(dá)40h。此后便進(jìn)入了穩(wěn)定期,大約也持續(xù)40h。測(cè)定該菌株脫硫曲線可知,DBT初始濃度由0.2mmol/L降到了0.0284mmol/L,其降解率達(dá)到了85.8%。本實(shí)驗(yàn)論文通過(guò)八組單因素的實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)脫硫菌株5-1開(kāi)始進(jìn)行優(yōu)化條件的培養(yǎng),所得到菌株5-1的培養(yǎng)條件為:最佳碳源為蔗糖;最佳氮源為氯化銨;最佳C/N比為25:1;最佳培養(yǎng)溫度為30℃;最佳初始pH值為7.0;最佳初始DBT濃度為0.2mmol/L;最佳接種量為1ml;最佳搖床轉(zhuǎn)速為200r/min。
[Abstract]:When it comes to energy, most people think of all kinds of fossil fuels, and fossil fuels mainly include oil, coal, natural gas and so on. This is the most widely used energy material in various countries in the world nowadays, especially the development and use of oil. Its reserve is closely related to the fate of the country, and it is also related to the lifeblood of the country's industrial economy. Therefore, it is reputed as "the blood of industry" by people. The formation and structure of fossil fuels is very special and complex. Almost all fossil fuels contain sulfur elements, including inorganic sulfur and organic sulfur. Most inorganic sulfur exists in the form of elemental sulfur, pyrite, etc. Thiophene and other more complex heterocyclic compounds, which are emitted into the atmosphere in a variety of ways, cause serious environmental pollution. So how to reduce the emission of organic sulfur has become the most urgent and thorniest Ren Wuzhi in every country in the world, and the dibenzothiophene dithiophene (DBT) is the most important heterocyclic organic compound in petroleum. And the traditional desulfurization process is very difficult to remove. Therefore, most biological desulfurization technologies usually use DBT as a model compound. In this paper, DBT is used as the sole sulfur source, which is domesticated from the soil contaminated by oil. A desulphurized strain 5-1 with high activity and specificity for degrading DBT was isolated and screened. The result of BIOLOG identification was Corynebacterium and Gram-positive staining. The growth curve of strain 5-1 was determined. Strain 5-1 began to enter a logarithmic phase after growth of about 12 hours, which lasted about 40 hours, and then entered a stable period. The initial concentration of 0.2mmol/L decreased from 0.0284 mmol / L to 0.0284 mmol / L, and the degradation rate reached 85.8%. In this paper, eight groups of single-factor experiments were conducted to culture the desulfurized strain 5-1. The culture conditions of strain 5-1 were as follows: sucrose was the best carbon source, ammonium chloride was the best nitrogen source, the optimum C / N ratio was 25: 1, and the optimum culture temperature was 30 鈩，

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