本文關(guān)鍵詞： 經(jīng)驗(yàn)?zāi)B(tài)分解(EMD) 獨(dú)立分量分析(ICA) 濾波降噪 GPS多路徑效應(yīng) 模態(tài)相關(guān) 斜率絕對(duì)值　出處：《東華理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在GPS測(cè)量中,例如:大橋橋面監(jiān)測(cè)、水庫大壩監(jiān)測(cè)以及高樓監(jiān)測(cè)等,測(cè)量結(jié)果往往會(huì)有一定的偏差。上述GPS測(cè)量通常是短基線測(cè)量并且采用雙頻GPS接收機(jī),因此電離層誤差以及對(duì)流層誤差可以采用差分方法消除,而GPS多路徑誤差及隨機(jī)高頻噪聲誤差卻難以消除。由于GPS多路徑誤差不存在空間相關(guān)性以及高頻隨機(jī)噪聲誤差不具備規(guī)律性,因此削弱這些誤差能夠提高GPS短基線測(cè)量精度。本文針對(duì)高頻噪聲消除以及GPS多路徑效應(yīng)誤差改正進(jìn)行了相關(guān)分析,本文主要分析的內(nèi)容及方法如下:1)基于獨(dú)立分量分析(Independent Component Analysis,ICA)與經(jīng)驗(yàn)?zāi)B(tài)分解(Empirical Mode Decomposition,EMD)算法,針對(duì)EMD與ICA濾波進(jìn)行詳細(xì)分析,提出將經(jīng)驗(yàn)?zāi)B(tài)分解與獨(dú)立分量分析聯(lián)合進(jìn)行濾波降噪,以下簡稱EMD—ICA濾波降噪法。2)通過振動(dòng)臺(tái)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)探討天線發(fā)生不同位移時(shí),動(dòng)態(tài)GPS多路徑效應(yīng)表現(xiàn)特征。采用約1h的觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),并通過其頻譜圖分析動(dòng)態(tài)GPS多路徑效應(yīng)與靜態(tài)GPS多路徑效應(yīng)的關(guān)系。3)針對(duì)GPS多路徑效應(yīng)頻帶分布較寬以及快速ICA算法分離信息的能力取決于參考信息的準(zhǔn)確性,本文引入模態(tài)相關(guān)準(zhǔn)則,提出一種基于模態(tài)相關(guān)的EMD-ICA濾波降噪法。通過實(shí)驗(yàn)將其與基于模態(tài)相關(guān)的EMD法及基于固有模態(tài)函數(shù)(IMF)頻譜分析的ICA法進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,實(shí)驗(yàn)表明該方法效果更好。4)針對(duì)信噪比過低,提出一種附加斜率絕對(duì)值法的模態(tài)相關(guān)EMD-ICA濾波降噪法,主要思想是通過能量大小進(jìn)行判別。該方法與小波閥值聯(lián)合EMD濾波去噪類似,均為高頻分量中的有效信息。通過實(shí)驗(yàn)將該方法與基于模態(tài)相關(guān)EMD-ICA法及基于模態(tài)相關(guān)EMD法進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,實(shí)驗(yàn)表明該方法能夠有效提取出高頻分量中的低頻信息并且效果優(yōu)于其他兩種方法。
[Abstract]:In GPS measurement, such as: bridge monitoring, monitoring and monitoring of dam building, the measurement results tend to have a certain deviation. The GPS is usually measured by short baseline measurement and dual frequency GPS receiver, so the ionospheric error and troposphere error can be used to eliminate the difference method, but it is difficult to eliminate GPS multipath error the high frequency noise and random error due to multipath error. GPS there is no spatial correlation and high frequency random noise error has no regularity, thus weakening these errors can improve the GPS short baseline measurement accuracy. According to the high frequency noise correction is analyzed and the elimination of GPS multipath error, this paper mainly analyzes the contents and methods are as follows: 1 independent component analysis (Independent) based on Component Analysis, ICA) and empirical mode decomposition (Empirical Mode Decomposition EMD) algorithm for E MD and ICA filter are analyzed in detail, put forward the empirical mode decomposition and independent component analysis combined filter, hereinafter referred to as EMD - ICA.2) to investigate the denoising methods through the shaking table experimental data of different antenna displacement, dynamic GPS multipath characteristics. Using the observation data about 1H, and through the spectrum figure.3 analysis the relationship between dynamic GPS multipath and static GPS multipath effects) for accuracy of GPS multipath frequency distribution is relatively wide and fast ICA algorithm to separate information depends on the ability of reference information, this paper introduces the mode correlation criterion, is proposed based on EMD-ICA modal correlation denoising methods. Through the experiment based on EMD method and the modal correlation and intrinsic mode function (IMF) based on ICA method for spectrum analysis comparative analysis, experimental results show that this method has better effect in low SNR of.4), is proposed An additional slope absolute value modal correlation EMD-ICA filtering method, the main idea is to determine the energy size. This method and wavelet threshold denoising is similar with EMD, were valid information in the high frequency component. Through experiments, the method with the EMD-ICA method based on modal correlation and comparative analysis of the modal EMD method based on the experimental results show that this method can effectively extract the high frequency component in the frequency information and the effect is better than the other two methods.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P228.4

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