本文關(guān)鍵詞：地面沉降分析及預(yù)測(cè)模型研究　出處：《河北工程大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 地表位移 變形監(jiān)測(cè) GPS數(shù)據(jù)處理 預(yù)測(cè)模型

【摘要】：變形不論是在自然界還是人類生活區(qū)域都是廣泛存在的一種現(xiàn)象,隨著我國(guó)新型城市化進(jìn)程的加快,礦產(chǎn)資源不斷開(kāi)采,為現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)提供了有力保障。但同時(shí)在礦產(chǎn)資源開(kāi)采完成后通常會(huì)形成規(guī)模巨大的采空區(qū),造成局部巖層和地表的移動(dòng),采空區(qū)失穩(wěn)將導(dǎo)致地表下沉等嚴(yán)重危害。因此,對(duì)礦區(qū)沉陷區(qū)域進(jìn)行地表移動(dòng)監(jiān)測(cè)和預(yù)測(cè)尤為重要。變形監(jiān)測(cè)是監(jiān)測(cè)地表位移安全性、可靠性的重要手段,是為了監(jiān)測(cè)地表點(diǎn)位移動(dòng)情況而進(jìn)行的長(zhǎng)時(shí)間、重復(fù)性測(cè)量作業(yè)。本文以內(nèi)蒙古某煤礦沉陷區(qū)地表沉降監(jiān)測(cè)與分析為例,通過(guò)地面采集的大量沉降觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)及時(shí)繪制各期觀測(cè)沉降曲線發(fā)現(xiàn)采空區(qū)地表變形情況,探討丘陵地帶采空區(qū)沉降變形規(guī)律,研究有效的預(yù)測(cè)預(yù)警模型,重點(diǎn)針對(duì)似大地水準(zhǔn)面的建立及變形監(jiān)測(cè)的預(yù)測(cè)模型建立和檢驗(yàn)等相關(guān)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了研究與探討。主要內(nèi)容如下:(1)系統(tǒng)闡述了GPS測(cè)量原理、高精度GPS處理方法。(2)研究沉降變形基準(zhǔn)網(wǎng)的選擇、各期基準(zhǔn)建立統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。對(duì)GPS基線向量網(wǎng)無(wú)約束平差、GPS基線向量網(wǎng)約束平差、GPS網(wǎng)與地面網(wǎng)聯(lián)合平差的理論知識(shí)進(jìn)行研究。(3)建立采空區(qū)研究區(qū)域的似大地水準(zhǔn)面的擬合模型。在尋找最優(yōu)建模方案時(shí)采用多項(xiàng)式擬合、GA-BP、支持向量機(jī)方法進(jìn)行研究。(4)闡述了地面沉降預(yù)測(cè)模型方法。分別在研究區(qū)域內(nèi)建立了地面變形監(jiān)測(cè)的概率積分模型、BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)、回歸分析模型三種預(yù)測(cè)模型。
[Abstract]:Deformation is a widespread phenomenon in nature or human life area. With the acceleration of new urbanization in China, continuous exploitation of mineral resources has provided a powerful guarantee for modernization. But at the same time, after the completion of mineral resources exploitation, large scale goaf will usually form, causing the movement of local strata and surface. The instability of goaf will cause serious harm to surface subsidence. Therefore, it is particularly important to monitor and predict the surface movement in the subsidence area of the mining area. Deformation monitoring is an important means to monitor the safety and reliability of surface displacement. It is a long and repetitive operation for monitoring the movement of surface points. In this paper, a Inner Mongolia coal mine subsidence area surface subsidence monitoring and analysis as an example, through a large number of ground settlement observation data collection timely rendering the observed settlement curve found in goaf surface deformation, explore the foothills of goaf settlement deformation law, the study of effective forecasting early warning model, has conducted the research and the discussion focuses on the forecast model establishment and quasi geoid deformation monitoring and the establishment of inspection and other related issues. The main contents are as follows: (1) the principle of GPS measurement and the high precision GPS processing method are systematically expounded. (2) to study the selection of datum network for settlement and deformation and to establish a unified standard for the datum of each period. The theoretical knowledge of GPS baseline vector network unconstrained adjustment, GPS baseline vector network constraint adjustment, GPS network and ground network combined adjustment is studied. (3) a fitting model of the quasi geoid in the study area of the goaf is established. The polynomial fitting, GA-BP and support vector machine are used to study the optimal modeling scheme. (4) the prediction model method of ground subsidence is expounded. The probability integral model of the ground deformation monitoring, the BP neural network and the regression analysis model are established in the study area, respectively, and three forecasting models are established.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P642.26

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本文編號(hào)：1343304