隨著工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)特別是高度集約化農(nóng)業(yè)的迅猛發(fā)展,各種化學污染物從多種渠道進入人們賴以生存和發(fā)展的土壤環(huán)境,其中毒性高、環(huán)境釋放率大、影響面廣的持久性有機污染物（Persistent Organic Pollutants,POPs）由于其具有致癌、致突變和致畸作用而備受關注。其中五氯酚（Pentachlorophenol, PCP）是具有代表性的一類持久性有機污染物,PCP被廣泛用作稻田的殺菌劑、除草劑等,對農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和人體安全構(gòu)成威脅。因此,研究PCP在水稻根-土界面的行為對PCP污染土壤的修復具有重要的理論和現(xiàn)實意義。本論文以PCP為目標污染物,水稻為供試作物,采用新型Clark微電極法,研究了控制條件下水稻根-土界面的供氧量、pH及Eh的動態(tài)變化;采用盆栽實驗,研究了PCP降解的二種中間產(chǎn)物3,5-DCP（3,5-二氧酚）、2,4,6-TCP（2,4,6-三氯酚）和PCP對水稻葉片和根細胞中抗氧化酶、過氧化物酶、細胞微結(jié)構(gòu)變化及其消減脫氧過程的影響;采用特殊的多隔層三室根箱法,研究了PCP在水稻厭氧-好氧根際環(huán)境中的降解行為;為了進一步了解水稻根系在促進PCP消減過程中的作用,我們繼... 

【文章來源】：浙江大學浙江省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁數(shù)】：129 頁

【學位級別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Abbreviations
List of Tables
List of Figures
摘要
Abstract
1 General Introduction
    1.1 Pentacholorophenol
        1.1.1 Sources and occurrence
        1.1.2 Pentachlorophenol risks to ecosystems
    1.2 Significance of Phytoremidation
    1.3 Aims of the study
2 Root Induced Changes in Oxygen, pH and Redox in the Rhizosphereof Rice(Oryza sative L.)
    2.1 Introduction
    2.2 Material and Methods
        2.2.1 Soil
        2.2.2 Analytical method
        2.2.3 Data Analysis
    2.3 Results and Discussion
        2.3.1 Results
        2.3.2 Discussion
3. Effects of PCP,2,4,6-TCP and 3,5-DCP on the Antioxidants Enzymes, Lipid Peroxidation and Their Dissipation in the Rhizosphere of Rice(Oryza Sativa L)
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Material and Methods
        3.2.1 Soil
        3.2.2 Chemical
        3.2.3 Experiment Design
        3.2.4 Analytical methods
        3.2.5 Transmission electron microscopy
        3.2.6 Lipid peroxidation
        3.2.7 Assay of antioxidant enzymes
        3.2.8 Antioxidant enzymes
        3.2.9 Data Analysis
    3.3 Results and Discussion
        3.3.1 Results
            3.3.1.1 Antioxidant enzymes
            3.3.1.2 Lipid peroxidation (MDA) and total soluble protein
            3.3.1.3 Transmission electron microscopy
            3.3.1.4 Dissipation of PCP, TCP and DCP in rhizosphere of rice
        3.3.2 Discussion
            3.3.2.1 Enzymes assay
            3.3.2.2 Transmission electron microscopy
            3.3.2.3 Dissipation of PCP, TCP and DCP in rhizosphere of rice
4 Dissipation of Pentachlorophenol in the aerobic-anaerobic interfacesestablished by the rhizosphere of rice (Oryza sative L.) root
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Material and Methods
        4.2.1 Soil
        4.2.2 Chemical
        4.2.3 Experiment Design
        4.2.4 Analytical methods
        4.2.5 Data Analysis
    4.3 Results and Discussion
        4.3.1 Results
            4.3.1.1 Dynamic behavior of PCP in the rhizosphere
            4.3.1.2 Dynamic behavior of electron acceptors and donors in the rhizosphere
        4.3.2 Discussion
            4.3.2.1 Dynamics of Pentacholorophenol
            4.3.2.2 Dynamics of electron acceptors and donors
5 Impact of aerobic-anaerobic interfaces established by the rhizosphereof rice(Oryza sative L.) on the fractional distribution of pentachloro-phenol and microbial community
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Material and methods
        5.2.1 Soil
        5.2.2 Chemicals
        5.2.3 Derivitization and analysis of PCP
        5.2.4 Experiment Design
        5.2.5 Analytical methods
        5.2.6 PLFA analysis
        5.2.7 Data analysis
    5.3 Results and Discussion
        5.3.1 Results
            5.3.1.1 Fractional distribution of PCP in rhizosphere
            5.3.1.2 Microbial community in the rhizosphere of rice
        5.3.2 Discussion
            5.3.2.1 Fractional distribution of PCP
            5.3.2.2 Soil microbial community
6 Major Conclusions and Perspectives
    6.1 Major conclusions
    6.2 Future perspectives
References
Publications


【參考文獻】：
期刊論文
[1]Top-down法計算中國五氯酚鈉消費分布[J]. 譚大,張劍波.  環(huán)境污染與防治. 2008(03)



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