船舶壓載水引起的外來物種的入侵是全世界面臨的最嚴峻的問題之一,它對生態(tài)和經(jīng)濟都造成了很大的危害。為了解決這個問題,很多學(xué)者提出了許多壓載水微生物滅活的解決方案。然而,現(xiàn)有的處理方法還有很多弊端,有些不安全,有些成本太高,因此更有效的處理方法仍然在研究。最近,液相高壓脈沖放電等離子體技術(shù)已經(jīng)成為一個非常熱門的研究領(lǐng)域,此方法的優(yōu)點在于成本較低,處理效率高,空間占用量小。本研究是氣液混合高壓脈沖放電等離子體技術(shù)應(yīng)用于壓載水處理進行可行性技術(shù)探索,考察液相高壓脈沖放電等離子體對藻類的殺滅效果。本實驗利用多針對板反應(yīng)器氣液混合放電對四種藻（金藻,新月菱形藻,扁藻,小球藻）的殺滅機制進行了研究。實驗分四個方面的內(nèi)容：（1）多針對板反應(yīng)器氣液混合放電特性的研究；（2）通過發(fā)射光譜對放電產(chǎn)生的自由基特性進行了研究；（3）過氧化氫和臭氧的形成機制的研究；（4）放電參數(shù)對藻類滅活效果的影響。首先,通過改變放電參數(shù)對反應(yīng)器的放電特性進行了研究,如改變脈沖峰值電壓,脈沖頻率,水面到針尖的距離（ds）,電導(dǎo)率。此外,實驗過程中氣相采用四種不同的氣體作為放電介質(zhì)。結(jié)果表明,脈沖峰值電壓增高,脈沖頻率增大,針尖與... 

【文章來源】：大連海事大學(xué)遼寧省 211工程院校

【文章頁數(shù)】：191 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
ABSTRACT
摘要
Chapter 1 Introduction
    1.1 Disasters caused by invasive microorganisms carried in ballast water
    1.2 International actions for ballast water management
    1.3 Ballast water management
        1.3.1 Filtration
        1.3.2 Hydrocyclone
        1.3.3 Clean and recycled ballast water
        1.3.4 Electro-ionization magnetic separation (EIMS)
        1.3.5 Deoxygenation
        1.3.6 Ultraviolet radiation
        1.3.7 Ozone method
        1.3.8 Chemical biocides
        1.3.9 The heat sterilization method
        1.3.10 Ultrasonic method
        1.3.11 Electric field sterilization
    1.4 Review of the research on high-voltage pulse discharge plasma technology
    1.5 Different types of high-voltage pulse discharge reactors
        1.5.1 Point-to-plate reactor
        1.5.2 Multi-pin plate reactor
        1.5.3 Plate-plate reactor
        1.5.4 Plate-pinhole-plate reactor
        1.5.5 Rod-rod reactor
        1.5.6 Packed-bed reactor
        1.5.7 Brush-plate type discharge reactor
        1.5.8 Dielectric barrier discharge reactor
        1.5.9 Multi-wire-to-cylindrical type DBD reactor
        1.5.10 Enhanced corona discharge reactor
    1.6 Pulse discharge plasma oxidation technology
        1.6.1 High voltage electric field
        1.6.2 Formation of active species
        1.6.3 Formation of ozone
        1.6.4 Generation of shock waves
        1.6.5 Generation of ultraviolet
        1.6.6 The role of hydrogen peroxide
    1.7 Gas-liquid hybrid discharge reactor
    1.8 Research methodology and scope of the research
Chapter 2 The Characterstics of Multi-needle Gas-liquid Hybrid Discharge Reactor
    2.1 Basic principles of high-voltage pulse discharge plasma treatment
    2.2 Experimental setup and methods
        2.2.1 High-voltage pulse power supply
        2.2.2 Experimental apparatus and methods
    2.3 Experimental results and analysis
        2.3.1 Voltage and current waveforms
        2.3.2 Corona discharge and spark discharge
        2.3.3 Influence of distance between water surface and needle tips(ds) on the discharge characteristics
        2.3.4 Influence of pulse peak voltage changes on the discharge characteristics
        2.3.5 Influence of pulse frequency changes on the discharge characteristics
        2.3.6 Influence of solution conductivity changes on the discharge characteristics
        2.3.7 Effect of introduced gas types on the discharge characteristics
    2.4 Conclusions
Chapter 3 Characteristics of Active Species Produced in Gas-Liquid Hybrid Discharge
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Emission spectroscopy
        3.2.1 Experimental apparatus and methods
        3.2.2 Results and discussion
    3.3 Formation of hydrogen peroxide and ozone
        3.3.1 Introduction
        3.3.2 Experimental apparatus and methods
        3.3.3 Determination of hydrogen peroxide and ozone formations
        3.3.4 Analytical method for hydrogen peroxide
        3.3.5 Results and discussion for hydrogen peroxide formation
        3.3.6 Analytical method for ozone
        3.3.7 Results and discussion for ozone formation
    3.4 Conclusions
Chapter 4 Effects of Multi-Needle Gas-Liquid Hybrid Discharge Parameters upon the Inactivation of Algae
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Experimental apparatuses, chemicals and target algae
        4.2.1 Culturing of microorganisms
        4.2.2 Selection of target algae and their characteristics
    4.3 Effects of discharge parameters upon the inactivation of Chlorella spp
        4.3.1 Effects of pulse peak voltage upon the inactivation of Chlorella spp
        4.3.2 Effects of pulse frequency upon the inactivation of Chlorella spp
        4.3.3 Effects of treatment time upon the inactivation of Chlorella spp
        4.3.4 Color changes of Chlorella spp. solution by pulse peak voltage
    4.4 Effects of discharge parameter changes upon the inactivation of Chrysophyta spp
        4.4.1 Effects of pulse peak voltage upon the inactivation of Chrysophyta spp
        4.4.2 Effect of pulse frequency upon the inactivation of Chrysophyta spp
        4.4.3 Effects of treatment time upon the inactivation of Chrysophyta spp
    4.5 Effects of discharge parameter upon the inactivation of Nitzschia closterium f. minutissima
        4.5.1 Effects of pulse peak voltage upon the inactivation of Nitzschia closterium f. minutissima
        4.5.2 Effects of pulse frequency upon the inactivation of Nitzschia closterium f. minutissima
        4.5.3 Effects of treatment time upon the inactivation of Nitzschia closterium f. minutissima
    4.6 Effects of discharge parameter changes upon the inactivation of Platymonas spp
        4.6.1 Effects of pulse peak voltage upon the inactivation of Platymonas spp
        4.6.2 Effects of pulse frequency upon the inactivation of Platymonas spp
        4.6.3 Effects of treatment time upon the inactivation of Platymonas spp
    4.7 Effects of gases bubbling upon the inactivation rate of algae
        4.7.1 Effects of pulse parameters upon the inactivation rate of algae by air bubbling
        4.7.2 Effects of different gases bubbling upon the inactivation rate of Chlorella spp
    4.8 Conclusions
Chapter 5 Investigation of Algae Inactivation Mechanisms
    5.1 Active species mechanisms
    5.2 Hydrogen peroxide and ozone formation mechanisms
    5.3 Algae inactivation mechanisms
    5.4 Conclusions
Chapter 6 Final Conclusions
    6.1 Final summary and conclusion
    6.2 Recommendations and future works
References
Paper List
Acknowledgments
摘要


【參考文獻】：
期刊論文
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