地表水-地下水（Surface Water-Groundwater,SW-GW）相互作用是地表水與地下水之間在不同時(shí)空尺度上發(fā)生的水量與物質(zhì)交換,是水循環(huán)中不可忽視的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。開(kāi)展SW-GW相互作用研究可為水資源管理和水質(zhì)保護(hù)提供水量均衡和物質(zhì)歸趨方面的支撐信息。江漢平原位于長(zhǎng)江中游,是我國(guó)重要的商品糧、棉、油基地和淡水漁業(yè)基地,區(qū)內(nèi)河渠縱橫交錯(cuò),地下水位埋深淺（一般小于2米）,地表水與地下水之間有著密切的水力聯(lián)系。受自然條件與人類活動(dòng)的共同影響,平原內(nèi)出現(xiàn)了濕地退化、水體污染、原生劣質(zhì)水、冷浸田等地質(zhì)環(huán)境問(wèn)題,這些問(wèn)題均與SW-GW相互作用有著緊密關(guān)聯(lián)。因此,開(kāi)展江漢平原SW-GW相互作用研究對(duì)于認(rèn)識(shí)區(qū)內(nèi)的生態(tài)環(huán)境問(wèn)題是十分必要的,但目前人們對(duì)于區(qū)內(nèi)SW-GW相互作用特征和強(qiáng)度等方面的認(rèn)識(shí)仍不清楚。平原內(nèi)的地表水體與孔隙含水層之間存在一側(cè)向延伸的弱透水層,相似的水文地質(zhì)條件在世界其它低平原地區(qū)也廣泛存在,但國(guó)內(nèi)外已有研究多關(guān)注地表水和與其有直接水力聯(lián)系的含水層之間的交換,對(duì)于地表水和含水層之間通過(guò)側(cè)向延伸的弱透水層進(jìn)行相互作用這一模式尚未給予足夠的重視。作為自然界水體中的一種典型污染... 

【文章來(lái)源】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)湖北省 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：145 頁(yè)

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
作者簡(jiǎn)介
摘要
ABSTRACT
Chapter 1 Introduction
    1.1 Background and Significance of the Research
    1.2 Surface water-groundwater interaction
        1.2.1 Characterization of SW-GW interaction
        1.2.2 Quantification of SW-GW interaction
    1.3 Ammonium geochemistry
        1.3.1 Geochemical behavior of ammonium in SW-GW system
        1.3.2 Nitrogen isotope geochemistry
    1.4 Jianghan Plain
        1.4.1 Geology and Hydrogeology
        1.4.2 SW-GW interaction
        1.4.3 Nitrogen pollution
    1.5 Objectives of the research
Chapter 2 The indications of environmental tracers to surface water-groundwater interactions in Jianghan Plain
    2.1 Introduction
    2.2 Methods
        2.2.1 Field sampling
        2.2.2 Chemical analysis
    2.3 Results and discussions
        2.3.1 Hydrochemistry
        2.3.2 Hydrogen and oxygen isotopes
        2.3.3 Tritium distribution
    2.4 Summary
Chapter 3 Characterizing surface water-groundwater interactions in the interior of Jianghan Plain
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Methods
        3.2.1 Hydrogeologic simulation
        3.2.2 Hydrogeologic calculation
        3.2.3 Collection and modeling of tritium data
    3.3 Results
        3.3.1 Results from hydrogeologic simulation
        3.3.2 Vertical fluxes based on hydrogeologic calculation
        3.3.3 Groundwater residence time and exchanging flux based on OTIS model
        3.3.4 Groundwater residence time and vertical flux based on the dispersion model
    3.4 Discussions
        3.4.1 General characteristics of SW-GW interactions in the interior of JHP
        3.4.2 Links to water quality in JHP
    3.5 Summary
Chapter 4 Sources and fate of high levels of ammonium in surface water and shallow groundwater of the Jianghan Plain, Central China
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Method
        4.2.1 Field sampling
        4.2.2 Chemical and isotopic measurements
    4.3 Results and discussions
        4.3.1 Distribution of ammonium in surface water and shallow groundwater
15N signatures to identify sources and fate of ammonium">        4.3.2 ¹⁵N signatures to identify sources and fate of ammonium
        4.3.3 Environmental indication
    4.4 Summary
Chapter 5 Effect of seasonal hydrologic changes on ammonium behavior in shallow groundwater at Jianghan Plain
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Materials and methods
        5.2.1 Field site
        5.2.2 Sediment characterization
        5.2.3 Monitoring of water level and water chemistry
    5.3 Results and Discussions
        5.3.1 Seasonal variations of hydrology and hydrochemistry
        5.3.2 Nitrogen species and isotope of sediments
        5.3.3 Seasonal variation of nitrogen species
        5.3.4 Seasonal variation of nitrogen isotope in ammonium
        5.3.5 Effect of hydrologic changes on ammonium behavior
    5.4 Summary
Chapter 6 The mass balance of ammonium in surface water - hyporheic zone - groundwater system in a typical N-contaminated stream reach at Jianghan Plain
    6.1 Introduction
    6.2 Materials and Methods
        6.2.1 Field site
        6.2.2 Sampling and measurement of streambed sediment
        6.2.3 Tracer experiment
    6.3 Results
        6.3.1 Sediment characteristics
        6.3.2 Hyporheic-zone characterization
    6.4 Discussions
        6.4.1 Contribution of hyporheic zone to ammonium mass balance
        6.4.2 Difference of hydro-biochemistry for the stream center and margin
    6.5 Summary
Chapter 7 Conclusions and suggestions
    7.1 Conclusions
    7.2 Suggestions
Appendix
Acknowledgement
Reference


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