好氧顆粒污泥培養(yǎng)及微型動(dòng)物群落和多樣性研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-14 18:13
【摘要】：好氧顆粒污泥(Aerobic granular sludge,AGS)介于活性污泥和生物膜之間,又比懸浮生物填料有更高的微生物活性和承受能力,是近年來新興的處理技術(shù)。相較于絮狀污泥,好氧顆粒污泥具有極佳的沉降性能、單位容積對(duì)有機(jī)物的處理效果好、可承受較高的沖擊負(fù)荷、減少對(duì)二沉池的體積要求以及可同時(shí)脫氮除鱗的特點(diǎn)。對(duì)于好氧顆粒污泥的培養(yǎng),由于研究者不同的方法和實(shí)驗(yàn)條件,其形成機(jī)理和培養(yǎng)方法很難達(dá)成共識(shí)。選擇顆粒污泥進(jìn)行培養(yǎng),系統(tǒng)啟動(dòng)速度較快,可大大縮短污泥培養(yǎng)周期,但目前顆粒污泥較為昂貴,好氧顆粒污泥就更為稀缺,尚不適合大規(guī)模的實(shí)際工程應(yīng)用。許多研究顯示,微型動(dòng)物在好氧顆粒污泥形成過程中對(duì)顆粒化有推動(dòng)的作用。傳統(tǒng)活性污泥中生物相的診斷已經(jīng)較為成熟,而好氧顆粒污泥具有更豐富、復(fù)雜的微生態(tài)系統(tǒng)有待研究。鑒于此,本論文在利用晶核培養(yǎng)好氧顆粒污泥的基礎(chǔ)上,探索顆粒污泥形成過程中微型動(dòng)物的群落物種多樣性及穩(wěn)定性。試驗(yàn)采用氣升式間歇反應(yīng)器(SBAR,Sequencing Batch Airlift Reactor),并使用蔗糖、牛肉膏蛋白胨及馬鈴薯淀粉為營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的模擬生活污水進(jìn)行好氧顆粒污泥的培養(yǎng)。研究表明,接種活性污泥(r1)和在此基礎(chǔ)上另投加厭氧顆粒污泥(r2)以及氫氧化鐵鐵絮體(r3)為晶核的條件下,成功馴化得到成熟的好氧顆粒污泥的時(shí)間均為50d左右,3組反應(yīng)器中最終成熟的好氧顆粒污泥粒徑分別為:604.7μm、643.8μm、640.4μm;cod的去除率達(dá)到:93%;nh+4-n的去除率均在第50d達(dá)到97.5%;0.5mm粒徑的顆粒沉降速度分別為:5.647cm/s、5.756cm/s、5.682cm/s;含水率分別為:96%、95%、95%;比耗氧速率(sour)分別為:2.19mgo2/(mlvssg·min)、2.36mgo2/(mlvssg·min)和2.63mgo2/(mlvssg·min);脫氫酶活性分別為:3.517μgtf/(mgmlss·h)、5.889μgtf/(mgmlss·h)、6.485μgtf/(mgmlss·h);。污泥體積沉降指數(shù)svi在20~30ml/g之間。r2、r3在日常鏡檢中可以看出其顆粒圓度和完整度要高于r1,且微生物活性r2、r3要明顯大于r1.在對(duì)不同大小的有機(jī)晶核進(jìn)行比較的研究中,r1’為對(duì)照組,分別在實(shí)驗(yàn)組投加厭氧顆粒污泥(r2’)和破碎后的厭氧顆粒污泥(r3’),在負(fù)荷較低的情況下在第50d培養(yǎng)出了穩(wěn)定的好氧顆粒污泥。cod、tn、nh4+-n的去除率為95%、70%和95%,mlss分別為5.4、5.5、6.0g/l;svi最終穩(wěn)定至35ml/g;沉降速度分別為:4.886cm/s/4.986cm/s/4.935cm/s。r1、r2、r3分別在第55d、50d和40d形成了顆粒,可以看出破碎厭氧顆粒污泥的投加的確比普通絮狀活性污泥更有利于促進(jìn)絮狀污泥的顆粒化,但是r3的顆粒形狀不均勻,且穩(wěn)定性、抗沖擊能力較差。在溫度降低之后,r3最先破碎。以第一輪實(shí)驗(yàn)中普通活性污泥和生物鐵污泥成粒過程中微型動(dòng)物群落作為研究對(duì)象,系統(tǒng)考察了活性污泥馴化過程中微型動(dòng)物群落結(jié)構(gòu)和優(yōu)勢(shì)種群變化規(guī)律,同時(shí)比較了兩組好氧顆粒污泥體系在形成顆粒過程中微型動(dòng)物群落物種多樣性、穩(wěn)定性及微生物指數(shù)(sbi)。結(jié)果表明,好氧顆粒污泥培養(yǎng)前期與活性污泥法馴化期的微型動(dòng)物群落演變相似,種群先增多后趨于穩(wěn)定的過程:微型動(dòng)物群落的結(jié)構(gòu)和多樣性的穩(wěn)定要在顆粒形成之后并滯后于處理效果穩(wěn)定(cod、tn、tp等)。在對(duì)照組r1和投加鐵的r3中,微型動(dòng)物的物種穩(wěn)定性和多樣性穩(wěn)定性比較而言,馴化初期r3比r1穩(wěn)定性要差,但是顆粒成熟之后,r3要優(yōu)于r1.通過對(duì)不同方法下好氧顆粒污泥的形成進(jìn)行研究,以更快的時(shí)間馴化出不同性能的穩(wěn)定好氧顆粒污泥,對(duì)形成過程中的微型動(dòng)物群落進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果表明,顆�；^程中微型動(dòng)物種群群落結(jié)構(gòu)的演替異于活性污泥工藝。在好氧顆粒污泥形成過程中,微型動(dòng)物、水力選擇壓(沉淀時(shí)間)和水力剪切力(曝氣強(qiáng)度、反應(yīng)器構(gòu)型等)相互協(xié)作對(duì)顆�；兄匾淖饔谩６Ш说耐都�,可以促進(jìn)顆粒的形成,并對(duì)培養(yǎng)出來成熟的好氧顆粒污泥的性質(zhì)有的影響。其中,鐵絮體的加入對(duì)微型動(dòng)物群落結(jié)構(gòu)有較大的影響,在不同的階段,系統(tǒng)中的微型動(dòng)物和多樣性穩(wěn)定性均與對(duì)照組有所不同。鐵絮體的投加對(duì)活性污泥顆�；A段的中期以及后期的微型動(dòng)物種群群落的多樣性和穩(wěn)定性均有不利的影響,但是在顆粒成熟后,系統(tǒng)恢復(fù)正常。
[Abstract]:The aerobic granular sludge (AGS) is between the activated sludge and the biological membrane, and has higher microbial activity and bearing capacity than the suspended biological filler, which is a new technology in recent years. Compared with the flocculent sludge, the aerobic granular sludge has excellent sedimentation performance, the treatment effect of the unit volume on the organic matters is good, the high impact load can be borne, the volume requirement of the secondary sedimentation tank is reduced, and the characteristics of simultaneously denitrogenation and descaling can be reduced. The formation mechanism and culture method of aerobic granular sludge are difficult to reach consensus due to the different methods and experimental conditions of the researchers. The granular sludge is selected to be cultured, the system startup speed is fast, the sludge culture period can be greatly shortened, but at present, the granular sludge is more expensive, and the aerobic granular sludge is more scarce and is not suitable for large-scale practical engineering application. Many studies have shown that micro-animals play an important role in the granulation process during the formation of aerobic granular sludge. The diagnosis of the biological phase in the traditional activated sludge is mature, and the aerobic granular sludge has more abundant and complex micro-ecosystems to be studied. In view of this, the species diversity and stability of microfauna in the formation of granular sludge were explored on the basis of using the crystal nucleus to culture the aerobic granular sludge. The air-lift batch reactor (SBAR, Sequencing Batch Airlift Reactor) was used to test the aerobic granular sludge by using sucrose, beef paste protein and potato starch as nutrient substances. The research shows that the activated sludge (r1) and the other anaerobic granular sludge (r2) and the iron hydroxide iron (r3) are the crystal nucleus, The time of the successful domestication of the mature aerobic granular sludge is about 50 days, and the final mature aerobic granular sludge particle size in the three-group reactor is 604.7. m, 643.8. m, 640.4. mu.m, and the cod removal rate is 93%, and the removal rate of nh + 4-n is 97.5% at the 50d; The settling velocity of the particles with the diameter of 0.5 mm was 5.647 cm/ s, 5.756 cm/ s, 5.682 cm/ s, and the water content was 96%,95% and 95%, respectively. The specific oxygen consumption rate was 2.19 mg o2/ (mlvssg 路 min), 2.36 mg o2/ (mlvssg 路 min) and 2.63 mg o2/ (mlvsg 路 min), respectively; the activity of the dehydrogenase was 3.517. m gtf/ (mgmlss. h), 5.889. m gtf/ (mgmlss. h), 6.485. m . The sludge volume settlement index svi is between 20 and 30 ml/ g. R2 and r3 can be seen in the day-to-day microscopic examination that the roundness and the integrity of the particles are higher than r1 and the microbial activity r2, r3 is significantly greater than r1. In the study of the comparison of the organic nuclei of different sizes, r1 'is the control group, and the anaerobic granular sludge (r2') and the crushed anaerobic granular sludge (r3 ') are added into the experimental group respectively, and the stable aerobic granular sludge (cod) is cultured in the 50d under the condition of lower load. the removal rate of tn, nh4 +-n is 95%,70% and 95%, mlss is 5.4, 5.5 and 6.0 g/ l, respectively; svi is finally stabilized to 35 ml/ g; the settling velocity is 4.886 cm/ s/ 4.986 cm/ s/ 4.935 cm/ s. r1, r2, r3 form the particles at 55d, 50d, and 40d, respectively, It can be seen that the addition of the crushed anaerobic granular sludge is more beneficial to the granulation of the flocculent sludge than the conventional flocculent activated sludge, but the particle shape of r3 is not uniform, and the stability and the impact resistance are poor. After the temperature is reduced, In that first round of experiment, the micro-animal community was used as the research object in the process of pelletization of the common activated sludge and the biological iron sludge in the first round of experiment, and the change law of the microfauna and the dominant species in the process of the acclimatization of the activated sludge was studied. The species diversity, stability and microbial index (sbi) of the microfauna in the formation of the granular sludge system were also compared. The results showed that the early stage of aerobic granular sludge was similar to that of the microfauna in the acclimatization period of activated sludge. the process of stabilization after the first increase of the population: the stability of the structure and diversity of the microfauna is stable after the formation of the particles and is lagging behind the treatment effect (cod, tn, tp, etc.). in the control group r1 and the iron addition r3, In comparison with the stability of the species and the stability of the diversity of the microfauna, the stability of r3 is poor at the early stage of domestication, but after the maturation of the granules, r3 is better than r1. By studying the formation of aerobic granular sludge under different methods, the stable aerobic granular sludge with different properties is domesticated at a faster time, and the micro-animal community in the forming process is analyzed, and the results show that the succession of the micro-animal population community structure is different from the activated sludge process in the granulation process, and in the process of forming the aerobic granular sludge, the interaction of the micro-animal, the hydraulic selection pressure (sedimentation time) and the hydraulic shearing force (aeration intensity, the reactor configuration, etc.) plays an important role in the granulation, and the addition of the crystal nucleus can promote the formation of the particles, and the effect of the addition of the iron floc on the micro-animal community structure is greatly influenced, and in different stages, The stability of the micro-animal and the diversity in the system was different from the control group. The addition of the iron floc had a negative effect on the diversity and the stability of the microfauna in the middle and later stages of the activated sludge granulation stage, but the system returned to normal after the maturation of the granules.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X703
[Abstract]:The aerobic granular sludge (AGS) is between the activated sludge and the biological membrane, and has higher microbial activity and bearing capacity than the suspended biological filler, which is a new technology in recent years. Compared with the flocculent sludge, the aerobic granular sludge has excellent sedimentation performance, the treatment effect of the unit volume on the organic matters is good, the high impact load can be borne, the volume requirement of the secondary sedimentation tank is reduced, and the characteristics of simultaneously denitrogenation and descaling can be reduced. The formation mechanism and culture method of aerobic granular sludge are difficult to reach consensus due to the different methods and experimental conditions of the researchers. The granular sludge is selected to be cultured, the system startup speed is fast, the sludge culture period can be greatly shortened, but at present, the granular sludge is more expensive, and the aerobic granular sludge is more scarce and is not suitable for large-scale practical engineering application. Many studies have shown that micro-animals play an important role in the granulation process during the formation of aerobic granular sludge. The diagnosis of the biological phase in the traditional activated sludge is mature, and the aerobic granular sludge has more abundant and complex micro-ecosystems to be studied. In view of this, the species diversity and stability of microfauna in the formation of granular sludge were explored on the basis of using the crystal nucleus to culture the aerobic granular sludge. The air-lift batch reactor (SBAR, Sequencing Batch Airlift Reactor) was used to test the aerobic granular sludge by using sucrose, beef paste protein and potato starch as nutrient substances. The research shows that the activated sludge (r1) and the other anaerobic granular sludge (r2) and the iron hydroxide iron (r3) are the crystal nucleus, The time of the successful domestication of the mature aerobic granular sludge is about 50 days, and the final mature aerobic granular sludge particle size in the three-group reactor is 604.7. m, 643.8. m, 640.4. mu.m, and the cod removal rate is 93%, and the removal rate of nh + 4-n is 97.5% at the 50d; The settling velocity of the particles with the diameter of 0.5 mm was 5.647 cm/ s, 5.756 cm/ s, 5.682 cm/ s, and the water content was 96%,95% and 95%, respectively. The specific oxygen consumption rate was 2.19 mg o2/ (mlvssg 路 min), 2.36 mg o2/ (mlvssg 路 min) and 2.63 mg o2/ (mlvsg 路 min), respectively; the activity of the dehydrogenase was 3.517. m gtf/ (mgmlss. h), 5.889. m gtf/ (mgmlss. h), 6.485. m . The sludge volume settlement index svi is between 20 and 30 ml/ g. R2 and r3 can be seen in the day-to-day microscopic examination that the roundness and the integrity of the particles are higher than r1 and the microbial activity r2, r3 is significantly greater than r1. In the study of the comparison of the organic nuclei of different sizes, r1 'is the control group, and the anaerobic granular sludge (r2') and the crushed anaerobic granular sludge (r3 ') are added into the experimental group respectively, and the stable aerobic granular sludge (cod) is cultured in the 50d under the condition of lower load. the removal rate of tn, nh4 +-n is 95%,70% and 95%, mlss is 5.4, 5.5 and 6.0 g/ l, respectively; svi is finally stabilized to 35 ml/ g; the settling velocity is 4.886 cm/ s/ 4.986 cm/ s/ 4.935 cm/ s. r1, r2, r3 form the particles at 55d, 50d, and 40d, respectively, It can be seen that the addition of the crushed anaerobic granular sludge is more beneficial to the granulation of the flocculent sludge than the conventional flocculent activated sludge, but the particle shape of r3 is not uniform, and the stability and the impact resistance are poor. After the temperature is reduced, In that first round of experiment, the micro-animal community was used as the research object in the process of pelletization of the common activated sludge and the biological iron sludge in the first round of experiment, and the change law of the microfauna and the dominant species in the process of the acclimatization of the activated sludge was studied. The species diversity, stability and microbial index (sbi) of the microfauna in the formation of the granular sludge system were also compared. The results showed that the early stage of aerobic granular sludge was similar to that of the microfauna in the acclimatization period of activated sludge. the process of stabilization after the first increase of the population: the stability of the structure and diversity of the microfauna is stable after the formation of the particles and is lagging behind the treatment effect (cod, tn, tp, etc.). in the control group r1 and the iron addition r3, In comparison with the stability of the species and the stability of the diversity of the microfauna, the stability of r3 is poor at the early stage of domestication, but after the maturation of the granules, r3 is better than r1. By studying the formation of aerobic granular sludge under different methods, the stable aerobic granular sludge with different properties is domesticated at a faster time, and the micro-animal community in the forming process is analyzed, and the results show that the succession of the micro-animal population community structure is different from the activated sludge process in the granulation process, and in the process of forming the aerobic granular sludge, the interaction of the micro-animal, the hydraulic selection pressure (sedimentation time) and the hydraulic shearing force (aeration intensity, the reactor configuration, etc.) plays an important role in the granulation, and the addition of the crystal nucleus can promote the formation of the particles, and the effect of the addition of the iron floc on the micro-animal community structure is greatly influenced, and in different stages, The stability of the micro-animal and the diversity in the system was different from the control group. The addition of the iron floc had a negative effect on the diversity and the stability of the microfauna in the middle and later stages of the activated sludge granulation stage, but the system returned to normal after the maturation of the granules.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X703
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 李星;劉永軍;劉U，
本文編號(hào)：2499577
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/shengtaihuanjingbaohulunwen/2499577.html
最近更新
教材專著
