【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟曲線的快速上升,城鎮(zhèn)化進程的不斷加快,越來越多的工業(yè)廢水和城鎮(zhèn)污水需要排放,同時污泥的產(chǎn)量也隨之升高。污泥具有含水率高、體積龐大等特點,而且還含有大量的微生物和重金屬等有毒有害物質(zhì)。如果不能對污泥進行無害化和減量化處理,勢必對人類的生存環(huán)境造成威脅。傳統(tǒng)的污泥處理處置方式是填埋、堆肥、焚燒等,但是無論采用何種方法,處理污泥的關(guān)鍵一步就是降低其含水率。過熱蒸汽干燥技術(shù)是近年來發(fā)展的新興技術(shù),與傳統(tǒng)的熱風(fēng)干燥相比具有能耗低、干燥品質(zhì)好和安全隱患小等優(yōu)點。在使用過熱蒸汽干燥的過程中,尾氣中含有大量的水蒸氣和污染物質(zhì),而這些尾氣可通過降溫冷凝的方式作為預(yù)處理,這樣便減少尾氣排出的體積,提高后續(xù)處理的達標排放效率。本文主要研究的內(nèi)容是采用過熱蒸汽為干燥介質(zhì),對污泥在不同溫度下連續(xù)干燥所收集的冷凝液進行水質(zhì)和有機物分析。為此搭建了污泥過熱蒸汽干燥實驗系統(tǒng)來收集各個溫度下的冷凝液。整個實驗系統(tǒng)包括蒸汽發(fā)生系統(tǒng)、加熱系統(tǒng)、干燥系統(tǒng)、冷凝系統(tǒng)和其他裝置,按照實驗要求,完成對相關(guān)部件及設(shè)備的設(shè)計和選型,干燥系統(tǒng)整體結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊,安全可靠。本文研究了在180℃、220℃、260℃三個溫度階梯連續(xù)干燥污泥的過程中,對污泥冷凝液的水質(zhì)及有機物分析,通過測定冷凝水中的PH值、濁度、COD值、BOD5、NH_4~+-N等水質(zhì)變化和有機物的氣相色譜—質(zhì)譜,其分析結(jié)果如下:(1)污泥在干燥的過程中,收集到的冷凝液中-N和酸類物質(zhì)形成一個緩沖體系,使得PH值的變化范圍在5.59~6.39之間。(2)在三個溫度連續(xù)干燥下,180℃溫度下收集的冷凝液的COD值最小,而在220℃干燥下的冷凝液的COD值最大,說明污泥中一些有機物需要達到一定的溫度才會揮發(fā)出來。隨著干燥溫度的升高,對冷凝液中可生化降解的物質(zhì)影響并不大。(3)隨著溫度的升高,冷凝液的-N濃度呈上升趨勢,而且冷凝液中的濁度值也由在溫度180℃干燥下的25.2NTU上升至260℃干燥下的123NTU。(4)收集到的冷凝液中物質(zhì)成分較復(fù)雜,在溫度180℃和220℃連續(xù)干燥條件下,冷凝液中有機物的主要成分以醇類物質(zhì)為主;在260℃溫度干燥下,其主要的有機組分為醛類。
[Abstract]:With the rapid rise of China's economic curve and the acceleration of urbanization, more and more industrial wastewater and urban sewage need to be discharged, and the output of sludge also increases. Sludge has the characteristics of high moisture content, large volume, and also contains a large number of microorganisms and heavy metals and other toxic and harmful substances. If the sludge can not be innocuous and reduced, it is bound to pose a threat to the living environment of human beings. The traditional sludge treatment and disposal methods are landfill, composting, incineration and so on, but no matter what method is adopted, the key step of sludge treatment is to reduce its moisture content. Superheated steam drying technology is a new technology developed in recent years. Compared with the traditional hot air drying, superheated steam drying technology has the advantages of low energy consumption, good drying quality and low safety risks. In the process of using superheated steam to dry, the tail gas contains a large amount of water vapor and pollution substances, and these exhaust gases can be pretreated by cooling and condensation, thus reducing the volume of exhaust gas discharge. Improve the discharge efficiency of follow-up treatment. The main content of this paper is to analyze the water quality and organic matter of condensate collected by continuous drying of sludge at different temperatures by using superheated steam as drying medium. For this reason, an experimental system of sludge superheated steam drying was set up to collect condensate at various temperatures. The whole experimental system includes steam generation system, heating system, drying system, condensation system and other devices. According to the experimental requirements, the design and selection of related components and equipment are completed. The overall structure of the drying system is compact, safe and reliable. In this paper, the water quality and organic matter of sludge condensate were analyzed in the process of continuous drying sludge at 180 鈩，

本文編號：2496180