【摘要】：污水處理系統(tǒng)在處理污水達標排放的同時消耗大量能源與資源,為科學(xué)評估污水處理系統(tǒng)綜合利用效率及對自然-經(jīng)濟系統(tǒng)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的影響,本文以齊齊哈爾污水處理廠為例,應(yīng)用能值分析原理和方法,通過選取不同的因子,對模型A(污水處理系統(tǒng)+鍋爐取暖系統(tǒng))、模型B(污水處理系統(tǒng)+鍋爐取暖系統(tǒng)+分布式光伏電站系統(tǒng))、模型C(污水處理系統(tǒng)+水源熱泵取暖系統(tǒng))和模型D(污水處理廠+水源熱泵取暖系統(tǒng)+分布式光伏電站系統(tǒng)),進行能值對比,包括四個模型的能值流和三個能值評價指標(能值產(chǎn)出率、環(huán)境負載率、能值可持續(xù)發(fā)展指標),最終建立模型,并在濱海地區(qū)進行推廣。論文取得如下成果和認識:(1)經(jīng)過數(shù)據(jù)比對分析,污水廠在增加水源熱泵取暖系統(tǒng)與分布式光伏電站設(shè)備后,綜合應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)能值和效率均優(yōu)于單一的運行系統(tǒng)。因此積極探討不同產(chǎn)業(yè)間的融合,不僅會產(chǎn)生經(jīng)濟收益,還能優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),提高生態(tài)效益。四個模型環(huán)境負載率均低于1,對環(huán)境壓力較小,可持續(xù)發(fā)展指數(shù)均在1到10之間,從生態(tài)學(xué)角度可以得到推廣。(2)從能值流角度分析,單純考慮不可更新資源,C、D模型表現(xiàn)最優(yōu)。單純考慮資金投入C模型表現(xiàn)最優(yōu),單純考慮產(chǎn)出,B、D模型表現(xiàn)最優(yōu)。A、B模型對不可更新資源依賴程度更高,資源短缺地區(qū)適合使用C、D模型。B、D模型更加適合能源短缺,經(jīng)濟發(fā)達地區(qū)。A、C模型適合資源充足,經(jīng)濟欠發(fā)達地區(qū)。(3)從能值產(chǎn)出率高出模式、環(huán)境負載率、可持續(xù)發(fā)展指數(shù)三個角度對比,D模型最優(yōu),其次是模型C,能值產(chǎn)出率基本與模型A持平,環(huán)境負載率、可持續(xù)發(fā)展指數(shù)均高于模型A,模型A效率較高,但是對環(huán)境壓力最大,模型B環(huán)境壓力角度考慮優(yōu)于模式A,但是產(chǎn)出率下降,綜合可持續(xù)發(fā)展指數(shù)與模型A相比下降,從經(jīng)濟角度和生態(tài)角度綜合考慮也不推薦選擇。
[Abstract]:The sewage treatment system consumes a lot of energy and resources while meeting the discharge standards, in order to scientifically evaluate the comprehensive utilization efficiency of the sewage treatment system and its impact on the sustainable development of the natural-economic system. Taking Qiqihar sewage treatment Plant as an example, this paper applies the principle and method of emergy analysis, and selects different factors to model A (boiler heating system of sewage treatment system). Model B (sewage treatment system Boiler heating system distributed Photovoltaic Power Station system), Model C (water source heat pump heating system of sewage treatment system) and model D (distributed photovoltaic power station system of water source heat pump heating system of sewage treatment plant), and the emergy values are compared. It includes the emergy flow of four models and three emergy evaluation indexes (emergy output rate, environmental load rate, emergy sustainable development index). Finally, the model is established and popularized in coastal areas. The achievements and understandings of this paper are as follows: (1) after data comparison and analysis, after adding water source heat pump heating system and distributed photovoltaic power station equipment, the energy value and efficiency of the integrated application system are better than that of a single operation system. Therefore, actively discussing the integration of different industries will not only produce economic benefits, but also optimize the industrial structure and improve ecological benefits. The environmental load rate of the four models is less than 1, the environmental pressure is small, and the sustainable development index is between 1 and 10, which can be extended from the ecological point of view. (2) from the point of view of emergy flow, only consider the non-renewable resources, C. The D model has the best performance. Considering the optimal performance of capital input C model and output alone, B, D model is the best. A, B model is more dependent on non-renewable resources, and C model is suitable for resource shortage areas. The D model is more suitable for energy shortage and economically developed areas. A, C model is suitable for the areas with sufficient resources and underdeveloped economies. (3) the emergy output rate is higher than that of the model, the environmental load rate and the sustainable development index are compared. D model is the best, followed by model C, the emergy output rate is basically the same as model A, the environmental load rate and sustainable development index are higher than model A, model A is more efficient, but the environmental pressure is the largest. The environmental pressure of model B is better than that of model A, but the output rate is decreased, and the comprehensive sustainable development index is lower than that of model A. from the economic and ecological point of view, the choice is not recommended.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703

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