【摘要】：隨著國(guó)家“十三五”期間的環(huán)境指標(biāo)與污染控制的體系出爐,我國(guó)的近年的水、土重金屬污染防治工作也在不斷強(qiáng)化。在我國(guó)環(huán)境污染物控制指標(biāo)日漸嚴(yán)格的大背景下,重金屬污染治理與防治工作中對(duì)重金屬?gòu)U水的排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求也逐步增高。混凝法作為傳統(tǒng)水處理工業(yè)的主要方法,不需要再次投入推廣成本兼具有原理簡(jiǎn)單、操作方便、成本低廉等一系列優(yōu)點(diǎn),應(yīng)當(dāng)引起關(guān)注。本研究通過(guò)對(duì)常見的有機(jī)高分子混凝劑聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化制備,并以其為原料通過(guò)酰胺化反應(yīng),將還原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)上的重金屬?gòu)?qiáng)配位基團(tuán)接枝到PAM分子鏈上,制備出新型巰基化高分子混凝劑(PAM-GSH)。在PAM本身所具有的較好的吸附架橋能力的基礎(chǔ)上,強(qiáng)化了其對(duì)重金屬配位螯合的能力。使之成為含巰基的有機(jī)高分子混凝劑,更加有效地去除水中的重金屬。以AM為原料,通過(guò)水溶液聚合法優(yōu)化制備有較高分子量的PAM。其后以制得PAM與GSH為原料,通過(guò)酰胺化反應(yīng)制備PAM-GSH。制備過(guò)程中對(duì)質(zhì)量比、反應(yīng)時(shí)間、體系pH值、甲醛量等條件對(duì)產(chǎn)物PAM-GSH的性能影響進(jìn)行了研究。最終得到了優(yōu)化后合成條件:當(dāng)PAM/GSH質(zhì)量比為16:3,反應(yīng)時(shí)間為2h+2h,甲醛用量為2ml,pH值為5。在此條件下合成的PAM-GSH產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行重金屬模擬廢水處理實(shí)驗(yàn),取得較好實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果,Mn(Ⅱ)去除率可以達(dá)到99.1%。對(duì)優(yōu)化條件下合成的PAM-GSH產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)表征,表征手段主要有傅里葉紅外光譜分析、掃描電鏡、能譜分析分析、差熱-熱重分析和X射線衍射分析。證明了產(chǎn)品確實(shí)由PAM與GSH反應(yīng)得到,并成功將強(qiáng)配位基團(tuán)巰基引入PAM分子鏈。產(chǎn)品能夠在常溫狀態(tài)下穩(wěn)定存在,熱穩(wěn)定性較強(qiáng),表面粗糙存在孔洞結(jié)構(gòu),呈現(xiàn)出一定的網(wǎng)狀空間結(jié)構(gòu),具備一定的吸附效果。以含錳、銅、鎘的模擬廢水為處理對(duì)象,通過(guò)單因素法或者正交實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)考察了PAM-GSH在分別不同水力條件、水質(zhì)特征下的對(duì)錳、銅、鎘的去除效果,主要包括:PAM-GSH投加量、反應(yīng)時(shí)間、靜置時(shí)間、pH值、濁度、K~+/Al~(3+)離子濃度等幾個(gè)影響條件。結(jié)果表明:PAM-GSH分別對(duì)錳、銅、鎘都有一個(gè)最佳去除條件,水中的K~+、Al~(3+)對(duì)錳、銅、鎘的的去除效果都起到抑制作用,且K~+、Al~(3+)濃度越高抑制作用越強(qiáng)。
[Abstract]:With the development of environmental indicators and pollution control system during the 13th five-year Plan period of China, the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in water and soil has been strengthened in recent years. Under the background of stricter control index of environmental pollutants in our country, the discharge standard of heavy metal wastewater in the treatment and prevention of heavy metal pollution is gradually increasing. Coagulation, as the main method of traditional water treatment industry, does not need to be put into promotion again. It has a series of advantages, such as simple principle, convenient operation and low cost, which should be paid attention to. In this study, we optimized the preparation of polyacrylamide (PAM), a common organic polymer coagulant, and used it as raw material to graft heavy metal strong coordination groups from reduced glutathione (GSH) onto PAM molecular chain through amidation reaction. A novel mercapto polymer coagulant (PAM-GSH) was prepared. On the basis of the good adsorption bridging ability of PAM itself, the ability of coordination and chelation of heavy metals was enhanced. It can be used as an organic polymer coagulant containing sulfhydryl groups to remove heavy metals from water more effectively. Preparation of PAM. with higher Molecular weight by Aqueous solution Polymerization with AM as Raw material Then, using PAM and GSH as raw materials, PAM-GSH. was prepared by amidation reaction. The effects of mass ratio, reaction time, pH value and formaldehyde content on the properties of PAM-GSH were studied. Finally, the optimized synthesis conditions were obtained: when the mass ratio of PAM/GSH was 16 渭 3, the reaction time was 2 h, the amount of formaldehyde was 2 ml, and the pH value was 5. Under these conditions, the synthetic PAM-GSH products were used to treat heavy metal wastewater, and the results showed that the removal rate of, Mn (鈪，

本文編號(hào)：2441902