【摘要】：活性污泥法在城市污水處理中應(yīng)用廣泛,當(dāng)前污水處理行業(yè)正處于高速發(fā)展階段,隨之帶來的是污水處理過程中產(chǎn)生的大量剩余污泥,這些污泥含水率高、體積龐大,處理難度大,污泥處置已成為不容忽視的環(huán)境問題。在污泥處理處置及資源化過程中,污泥脫水是必不可少的前處理環(huán)節(jié)。本文通過改性煤氣化灰渣協(xié)同超聲波調(diào)理污泥,改善污泥脫水性能。選取合肥市經(jīng)濟(jì)開發(fā)區(qū)污水處理廠剩余污泥作為研究對象,采用經(jīng)氫氟酸改性的煤氣化灰渣和超聲波對剩余污泥進(jìn)行調(diào)理,以污泥比阻(SRF),毛細(xì)吸水時間(CST)作為污泥脫水性能主要評價指標(biāo),并結(jié)合污泥濾液中可溶性有機(jī)物含量、Zeta電位以及污泥粒徑變化情況探討調(diào)理機(jī)制。實驗主要研究內(nèi)容及研究成果如下:(1)單獨(dú)改性煤氣化灰渣調(diào)理污泥,研究改性煤氣化灰渣在不同投加量下對污泥脫水性能的影響,實驗結(jié)果表明,隨著投加量的增加,改性煤氣化灰渣對污泥脫水性能產(chǎn)生了顯著影響,污泥脫水性能呈現(xiàn)先下降后升高的趨勢。在投加量為20%(基于污泥干重),污泥脫水性能表現(xiàn)最好,污泥比阻、毛細(xì)吸水時間分別為5.11×10~(11)m/kg、55s。與原污泥相比分別降低了49.9%、29.5%。改性煤氣化灰渣的構(gòu)架骨架作用及吸附作用,改善了污泥脫水性能。(2)單獨(dú)超聲波調(diào)理污泥,研究了超聲波功率、作用時間對污泥脫水性能影響,實驗結(jié)果表明,適宜的超聲波能量能顯著改善污泥脫水性能,但能量過高,污泥脫水性能會惡化。超聲波作用參數(shù)為:功率60W,作用時間20s,此時污泥脫水達(dá)到最好,污泥比阻、毛細(xì)吸水時間分別為7.2×10~(11)m/kg、66s。與原污泥相比分別降低了29.4%、15.4%。超聲波能夠破壞污泥絮體結(jié)構(gòu)釋放間隙水,破解污泥細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu)釋放胞內(nèi)水,改善污泥脫水性能。(3)改性煤氣化灰渣與超聲波協(xié)同調(diào)理污泥,經(jīng)正交試驗(超聲波功率、作用時間、投加量)確定最佳效果時兩者的操作參數(shù)。在超聲波功率為60W、超聲波作用時間30s,改性煤氣化灰渣投加量為30%(基于污泥干重)時脫水效果達(dá)到最佳,污泥比阻、毛細(xì)吸水時間分別為3.7×10~(11)m/kg、45s。與原污泥相比分別降低了63.7%、42.3%。超聲波破壞污泥絮體,破解細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu)造成胞內(nèi)物質(zhì)溶出,改性煤氣化灰渣能吸附溶出物質(zhì),且起構(gòu)建骨架作用,顯著提高污泥脫水性能。
[Abstract]:Activated sludge process is widely used in municipal sewage treatment. At present, the sewage treatment industry is in a high-speed development stage, resulting in a large number of surplus sludge produced in the process of sewage treatment. These sludge have high moisture content and huge volume. It is difficult to deal with sludge, and sludge disposal has become an environmental problem that can not be ignored. Sludge dewatering is an essential pre-treatment process in sludge disposal and resource recovery. In this paper, the sludge dewatering performance was improved by using modified coal gasification ash and ultrasonic wave to improve sludge dewatering performance. The residual sludge in the sewage treatment plant of Hefei Economic Development Zone was selected as the research object. The residual sludge was adjusted with hydrofluoric acid modified coal gasification ash and ultrasonic wave, and the sludge specific resistance (SRF),) was used. Capillary water absorption time (CST) was used as the main evaluation index of sludge dewatering performance, and the conditioning mechanism was discussed in combination with the content of soluble organic matter in sludge filtrate, the Zeta potential and the change of sludge particle size. The main contents and achievements of the experiment are as follows: (1) the effects of modified coal gasification ash slag on sludge dewatering performance under different dosages are studied, and the experimental results show that, with the increase of the dosage, the modified coal gasification ash slag affects the sludge dewatering performance, and the experimental results show that: (1) the modified coal gasification ash slag can improve sludge dewatering performance. The modified coal gasification ash had a significant effect on sludge dewatering performance, and the sludge dewatering performance decreased first and then increased. When the dosage is 20% (based on the dry weight of sludge), the sludge dewatering performance is the best, sludge specific resistance and capillary water absorption time are 5.11 脳 10 ~ (11) mg 路kg ~ (- 1) and 55s. Compared with the original sludge, it decreased by 49.9% and 29.5% respectively. The framework skeleton and adsorption of modified coal gasification ash can improve the dewatering performance of sludge. (2) the effects of ultrasonic power and action time on sludge dewatering performance are studied, the experimental results show that: The appropriate ultrasonic energy can significantly improve the sludge dewatering performance, but the sludge dewatering performance will worsen when the energy is too high. The parameters of ultrasonic wave are: power 60W, action time 20s, sludge dewatering best, sludge specific resistance, capillary water absorption time 7.2 脳 10 ~ (11) mg 路kg ~ (- 1), 66s. Compared with the original sludge, it was reduced by 29.4% and 15.4% respectively. Ultrasound can destroy the release of interstitial water from the floc structure of sludge, decipher the cellular structure of sludge and release intracellular water, and improve the dewatering performance of sludge. (3) modified coal gasification ash and ultrasonic wave can co-regulate sludge, and the orthogonal test (ultrasonic power, ultrasonic power) is used to improve sludge dewatering performance. Action time, dosage) to determine the optimal effect of the two operating parameters. When the ultrasonic power is 60W, the ultrasonic action time is 30s and the dosage of modified coal gasification ash is 30% (based on the dry weight of sludge), the optimum dewatering effect is achieved. The specific resistance of sludge and the capillary water absorption time are 3.7 脳 10 ~ (11) mg 路kg ~ (- 1) and 45s respectively. Compared with the original sludge, it decreased by 63.7% and 42.3% respectively. Ultrasonic wave destroys sludge flocs, breaks down cell structure and causes intracellular material dissolution. Modified coal gasification ash can adsorb dissolved substances, and play a role in constructing skeleton, which can significantly improve sludge dewatering performance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703

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