【摘要】：隨著鉛冶煉、鉛再生和蓄電池等行業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,產(chǎn)生大量鉛污染工業(yè)廢水,如果未經(jīng)處理直接排放到水體中,則會(huì)嚴(yán)重危害人們的健康。處理重金屬污染廢水不僅可以提高水環(huán)境質(zhì)量,還可以回收利用部分重金屬。電化學(xué)法作為處理鉛污染廢水的傳統(tǒng)方法,有著處理速度快、無(wú)二次污染和實(shí)現(xiàn)金屬鉛資源的回收利用等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。本文研究中,作者分別以不銹鋼網(wǎng)和泡沫鎳為載體,研究了氧化石墨烯在兩種載體上不同的電化學(xué)還原過(guò)程,并用綠色方便的電化學(xué)法成功制備了石墨烯電極。此外,進(jìn)行了不銹鋼網(wǎng)為載體的石墨烯電極電化學(xué)去除水體鉛離子的應(yīng)用研究。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),該電極具有電流密度大和反應(yīng)速度快、效率高等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。經(jīng)過(guò)200min處理含鉛水溶液,鉛的去除率高達(dá)97.2%。反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),該去除反應(yīng)符合一級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)反應(yīng),去除速率更高達(dá)1.05×10~(-3) mol L~(-1) S~(-1)。與單純的不銹鋼網(wǎng)電極相比,去除速率增加了4.45倍。同時(shí),石墨烯電極表現(xiàn)出了極大的抗腐蝕性,相比于不銹鋼網(wǎng)電極,其在0.1M NaCl和0.1M HCl溶液中的極化阻抗分別提高了55.3%和89.5%。而且,該電極能夠在稀硝酸溶液中再生,再生電極也表現(xiàn)出良好的性能。本文的研究結(jié)果表明,氧化石墨烯的一步電化學(xué)還原在不同基體上存在不同的還原過(guò)程,石墨烯電極在電化學(xué)去除水體鉛離子應(yīng)用中的優(yōu)良性能。石墨烯電極應(yīng)用到電化學(xué)法去除水體鉛離子應(yīng)用中性能優(yōu)良、穩(wěn)定。大幅提高了電化學(xué)處理方法的處理速度和電極的性能,為石墨烯應(yīng)用到電化學(xué)去除水體中重金屬離子提供了理論指導(dǎo)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of lead smelting, lead regeneration and battery industry, a large amount of lead-polluted industrial wastewater is produced. If discharged directly into the water without treatment, it will seriously harm the health of people. The treatment of heavy metal pollution wastewater can not only improve the quality of water environment, but also recover some heavy metals. As a traditional method of treating lead-polluted wastewater, electrochemical method has the advantages of fast treatment, no secondary pollution and the realization of recovery and utilization of lead resources. In this paper, the different electrochemical reduction processes of graphene oxide on two kinds of carriers were studied, using stainless steel mesh and nickel foam as carriers, respectively. Graphene electrode was successfully prepared by green and convenient electrochemical method. In addition, the electrochemical removal of lead ion from water by graphene electrode with stainless steel mesh as carrier was studied. It is found that the electrode has the advantages of high current density, high reaction speed and high efficiency. The removal rate of lead in aqueous solution treated with 200min is as high as 97.2g. It was found that the removal rate was as high as 1.05 脳 10 ~ (-3) mol L ~ (-1) S ~ (-1), and the removal rate was as high as 1.05 脳 10 ~ (-3) mol / L ~ (-1) S ~ (-1). Compared with stainless steel mesh electrode, the removal rate increased 4.45 times. At the same time, graphene electrode showed great corrosion resistance. Compared with stainless steel grid electrode, the polarization impedance of graphene electrode in 0.1M NaCl and 0.1M HCl solution was increased by 55.3% and 89.5%, respectively. Moreover, the electrode can be regenerated in dilute nitric acid solution, and the regenerated electrode has good performance. The results show that the one-step electrochemical reduction of graphene oxide has different reduction processes on different substrates and the graphene electrode has excellent performance in the application of electrochemical removal of lead ions in water. The application of graphene electrode to electrochemical removal of lead ion in water is of good performance and stability. The treatment speed of electrochemical treatment method and the performance of electrode are greatly improved, which provides theoretical guidance for the application of graphene to electrochemical removal of heavy metal ions in water.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)科學(xué)院大學(xué)(中國(guó)科學(xué)院東北地理與農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)研究所)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X703

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本文編號(hào)：2295862