【摘要】：本文章在收集了大量興安盟監(jiān)測(cè)區(qū)資料基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)運(yùn)用高分辨率遙感影像數(shù)據(jù)判讀與地面實(shí)地驗(yàn)證相結(jié)合的方法,獲得興安盟監(jiān)測(cè)區(qū)荒漠化沙化土地面積,對(duì)興安盟監(jiān)測(cè)區(qū)荒漠化沙化狀況進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),從而掌握興安盟監(jiān)測(cè)區(qū)土地荒漠化沙化的現(xiàn)狀,將本期得到的該監(jiān)測(cè)區(qū)荒漠化沙化數(shù)據(jù)與2009年第四次荒漠化沙化監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)做對(duì)比,獲得該地區(qū)荒漠化沙化土地的面積、荒漠化沙化類型以及程度的動(dòng)態(tài)變化情況。結(jié)合當(dāng)?shù)氐淖匀坏乩硪蛩睾蜕鐣?huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)因素,揭示興安盟監(jiān)測(cè)區(qū)土地沙化荒漠化的成因,從而預(yù)測(cè)荒漠化土地今后的發(fā)展變化趨勢(shì),并提出當(dāng)?shù)氐姆乐位哪郴慕ㄗh。通過(guò)本次調(diào)查研究,得出結(jié)論有:(1)興安盟荒漠化監(jiān)測(cè)區(qū)面積共計(jì)409765.22 hm2,其中荒漠化土地面積為271654.44 hm2,占荒漠化監(jiān)測(cè)總面積的66.30%,整個(gè)監(jiān)測(cè)區(qū)荒漠化只分布風(fēng)蝕和鹽漬化兩種類型,以風(fēng)蝕為主,面積是213344.32hm2,占監(jiān)測(cè)總面積的78.54%,鹽漬化土地分布較少,面積是58310.12hm2,占監(jiān)測(cè)總面積的21.46%。非荒漠化土地共計(jì)138110.78hm2,占荒漠化監(jiān)測(cè)總土地面積的33.70%。(2)興安盟沙化監(jiān)測(cè)區(qū)共計(jì)1772111.04hm2,經(jīng)調(diào)查沙化土地共410635.12hm2,占監(jiān)測(cè)區(qū)總面積的23.17%。有明顯沙化趨勢(shì)的土地是非沙化土地和沙化土地之間的一種預(yù)警地,共計(jì)162865.36hm2,占監(jiān)測(cè)區(qū)總面積的9.19%,非沙化土地總共1198610.56hm2,占監(jiān)測(cè)區(qū)總面積的66.45%。(3)通過(guò)與2009年興安盟監(jiān)測(cè)區(qū)土地荒漠化沙化數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比分析,從2009年到2014年,荒漠化土地面積由252637.46hm2,增長(zhǎng)到271654.44hm2,監(jiān)測(cè)區(qū)荒漠化土地由上次占總土地面積的61.650%增長(zhǎng)到本次66.30%。5年內(nèi)增長(zhǎng)19016.98hm2,年均增加3803.40hm2,年增率0.02%�？傮w來(lái)看,該監(jiān)測(cè)區(qū)荒漠化土地面積總體呈現(xiàn)增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì),但土地土地荒漠化擴(kuò)展的態(tài)勢(shì)有所減緩。(4)本次監(jiān)測(cè)興安盟監(jiān)測(cè)區(qū)沙化土地共計(jì)410638.81hm2,與上期相比,5年間少化土地減少1735.89hm2,年均減少347.18hm2,逆轉(zhuǎn)速率為0.08%。
[Abstract]:On the basis of collecting a large amount of data of XingUNITA monitoring area, the desertification land area in XingUNITA monitoring area is obtained by combining the interpretation of high-resolution remote sensing image data with the field verification on the ground. The status of desertification in the monitoring area of XingUNITA is evaluated, so as to grasp the present situation of desertification and desertification in the monitoring area of XingUNITA. The desertification data obtained in this period are compared with the fourth desertification monitoring data in 2009. The dynamic changes of desertification land area, desertification type and degree in this area were obtained. Combined with local natural geographical factors and social economic factors, this paper reveals the causes of desertification of land desertification in XingUNITA monitoring area, thus predicts the development and change trend of desertification land in the future, and puts forward some local suggestions for combating desertification. Through this investigation and study, the conclusions are as follows: (1) the total area of desertification monitoring area of XingUNITA is 409765.22 hm2,. The desertification land area of 271654.44 hm2, accounts for 66.30% of the total desertification monitoring area, and only wind erosion and salinization are distributed in the whole monitoring area. The area of wind erosion was 213344.32hm2, which accounted for 78.54 of the total area monitored. The salinized land was less distributed, with an area of 58310.12hm2, accounting for 21.46hm2 of the total area monitored. Non-desertification land amounts to 138110.78hm2, which accounts for 33.700.The desertification monitoring area of XingUNITA is 1772111.04hm2.The sandy land under investigation is 410635.12hm2, accounting for 23.1717% of the total area of the monitoring area. Land with a clear trend of desertification is an early warning ground between non-desertification land and desertified land, A total of 162865.36 hm2, accounting for 9.19 of the total area under monitoring, and a total of 1198610.56hm2 of non-desertified land and 66.45hm2 of the total area under monitoring. (3) through comparative analysis of desertification data from 2009 to 2014 in the XingUNITA Monitoring area, The desertification land area increased from 252637.46hm2to 271654.44hm2.The desertification land in the monitoring area increased from 61.650% of the total land area last time to 19016.98hm2in the current 66.30.5 year, with an average annual increase of 3803.40hm2with an annual increase rate of 0.02%. As a whole, the desertification land area of the monitoring area has shown an overall increasing trend. But the expansion of land desertification has slowed down. (4) the total desertification land in the monitoring area of XingUNITA is 410638.81hm2.Compared with the previous period, less land was reduced by 1735.89hm2, the annual decrease was 347.18hm2, and the reverse rate was 0.08cm ~ (2).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X171

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