人工濕地基質(zhì)配制對廢水中重金屬Pb的鈍化吸附效果研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-24 15:22
【摘要】：水是生命之源,水是生存之本。隨著經(jīng)濟的高速發(fā)展,人口不斷增加,水環(huán)境問題成了限制人類發(fā)展甚至生存的關鍵因素之一。近年來,我國工農(nóng)礦業(yè)和交通運輸業(yè)發(fā)展迅猛,但隨之帶來的重金屬污染已經(jīng)成為了國內(nèi)關注的焦點話題。因此,重金屬廢水的處理研究對生態(tài)環(huán)境保護和國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展具有重要意義。本課題以黃土、污泥、細沙、煤渣、粉煤灰及礫石為原材料,按一定的比例配制5種不同的濕地基質(zhì)(基質(zhì)SSFGF、FSSGF、FSSFF、FSSFG和FSFGF),置于無植被垂直流人工濕地系統(tǒng)中,控制水力停留時間為0.25、0.5、1、2、4、8、12、24和48 h,處理含Pb濃度分別為10、20、40、80、160 mg/L鉛廢水。測定處理前5種基質(zhì)的理化指標以及各處理后出水中Pb濃度和基質(zhì)中賦存的Pb的5個形態(tài)(可交換態(tài)、碳酸鹽結(jié)合態(tài)、有機結(jié)合態(tài)、鐵錳氧化態(tài)和殘渣態(tài))含量,通過方差分析、相關性等統(tǒng)計分析方法綜合評價得出:(1)濃度分別為10、20、40、80和160 mg/L的含Pb廢水經(jīng)5種不同基質(zhì)的濕地處理后Pb在一定程度上被去除,尤其是在最佳水力停留時間12h時5種基質(zhì)的吸附鈍化處理效果都較好,SSFGF基質(zhì)濕地Pb的去除率為75.41-81.91%,平均值為79.01%;FSSGF基質(zhì)濕地Pb的去除率為83.04-94.19%,平均值為89.07%;FSSFF基質(zhì)濕地Pb的去除率為81.34-92.78%,平均值為86.27%;FSSFG基質(zhì)濕地Pb的去除率為47.86-92.43%,平均值為73.75%;FSFGF基質(zhì)濕地Pb的去除率為44.70-90.42%,平均值為68.40%。相較,基質(zhì)為FSSGF和FSSFF的濕地對含Pb廢水的去除效果更佳;(2)方差分析與多重比較表明同一水力停留時間下處理同一濃度廢水后,不同基質(zhì)濕地對廢水中Pb的去除率之間存在著顯著性差異;并且不同基質(zhì)中賦存的Pb的5個形態(tài)含量之間存在著顯著性差異;(3)相同水力停留時間下,不同濕地系統(tǒng)處理不同濃度的廢水后各基質(zhì)中賦存的Pb的各形態(tài)含量所占百分比之間存在著一定的差異,但是總體上重金屬Pb賦存于各基質(zhì)中殘渣態(tài)含量所占比例最高,在30-45%;重金屬Pb賦存于各基質(zhì)中的可交換態(tài)和碳酸鹽結(jié)合態(tài)含量所占比例之和在21-27%。(4)將水力停留時間為12h時5種濕地對廢水中Pb的去除率與濕地基質(zhì)的物化指標進行相關性分析表明,一定條件下去除率與基質(zhì)的D10、D80、CEC、導水率、交換性Ca、交換性Al和有效性Fe顯著相關,且為負相關關系,結(jié)合線性回歸方程表明5種基質(zhì)濕地對廢水中Pb的去除率會隨著基質(zhì)中上述指標的增大而減小;(5)將水力停留時間為12 h時5種基質(zhì)中賦存的各形態(tài)Pb含量與基質(zhì)的理化指標進行的相關性分析表明,一定條件下基質(zhì)中賦存的可交換態(tài)和碳酸鹽結(jié)合態(tài)Pb含量與D10、D80、K80、CEC、導水率、交換性Ca、有效性Fe顯著相關,且為正相關關系,與有效性Mn顯著相關,且為負相關關系;殘渣態(tài)Pb含量與D10、CEC和容重顯著相關,且為正相關關系,與有效性Mn、總孔隙度、K80和交換性Al顯著相關,且為負相關關系。
[Abstract]:Water is the source of life, water is the basis of survival. With the rapid development of economy and the increasing population, water environment has become one of the key factors restricting human development and even survival. In recent years, China's industry, agriculture, mining and transportation industry has developed rapidly, but the heavy metal pollution has become the focus of attention in China. Therefore, the treatment of heavy metal wastewater is of great significance to the protection of ecological environment and the development of domestic economy. Using loess, sludge, fine sand, cinder, fly ash and gravel as raw materials, five different wetland substrates (matrix SSFGF,FSSGF,FSSFF,FSSFG and FSFGF),) were prepared in this paper. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) is 0. 25? 0. 5? 1? 5? 1? The physicochemical indexes of the first five substrates and the concentrations of Pb in effluent and the five forms of Pb (exchangeable, carbonate bound, organic bound, iron-manganese oxidized and residual) were determined. By means of variance analysis, correlation analysis and other statistical analysis methods, it was concluded that: (1) Pb wastewater containing 10 ~ 20 ~ 4080 and 160 mg/L was treated with five different substrates to some extent Pb was removed. The removal rate of Pb in SSFGF substrates wetland was 75.41-81.91, the average value was 79.01%, the removal rate of Pb was 83.04-94.19g, and the average value was 89.07g Pb in FSSFF matrix wetland. The adsorption passivation effect of the five substrates was better when the optimal HRT was 12h, and the removal rate of Pb was 75.41-81.91g, with an average of 83.04-94.19g. The average removal rate of Pb was 47.86-92.433.The average rate was 73.75cm and the removal rate of Pb was 44.70-90.42, and the average was 68.40. Compared with the wetland with FSSGF and FSSFF, the removal efficiency of the wastewater containing Pb was better. (2) the analysis of variance and the multiple comparison showed that the wastewater of the same concentration was treated with the same HRT. There were significant differences in the removal rate of Pb among different substrates wetland, and there were significant differences among the five speciation contents of Pb in different substrates. (3) under the same HRT, There were some differences in the percentage of Pb forms in different substrates after treatment of wastewater with different concentrations in different wetland systems, but in general, the residual content of Pb was the highest in different substrates. The ratio of exchangeable and carbonate bound state content of heavy metal Pb in various substrates was 21-27%. (4) the removal rate of Pb in wastewater and the physicochemical index of wetland substrate were determined when the HRT was 12 h. Correlation analysis shows that Under certain conditions, the removal rate was significantly correlated with D10 / D80 CEC, water conductivity, exchangeable Ca, exchangeable Al, and available Fe, and was negatively correlated with each other. Combined with the linear regression equation, the removal rate of Pb in wastewater from 5 kinds of substrates wetland will decrease with the increase of the above mentioned indexes in the substrate. (5) the content of Pb in the five substrates and the matrix when the HRT is 12 h. The correlation analysis of physical and chemical indexes based on the Under certain conditions, the interchangeable and carbonate bound Pb content in the matrix was significantly correlated with the Fe, water conductivity and exchangeable Ca, availability of D10 D80 K80, and was positively correlated with the availability of Mn, and negatively correlated with the available Mn. The residual Pb content was positively correlated with D10 CEC and bulk density, and negatively correlated with the total porosity of available Mn, K80 and exchangeable Al.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703
本文編號：2291757
[Abstract]:Water is the source of life, water is the basis of survival. With the rapid development of economy and the increasing population, water environment has become one of the key factors restricting human development and even survival. In recent years, China's industry, agriculture, mining and transportation industry has developed rapidly, but the heavy metal pollution has become the focus of attention in China. Therefore, the treatment of heavy metal wastewater is of great significance to the protection of ecological environment and the development of domestic economy. Using loess, sludge, fine sand, cinder, fly ash and gravel as raw materials, five different wetland substrates (matrix SSFGF,FSSGF,FSSFF,FSSFG and FSFGF),) were prepared in this paper. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) is 0. 25? 0. 5? 1? 5? 1? The physicochemical indexes of the first five substrates and the concentrations of Pb in effluent and the five forms of Pb (exchangeable, carbonate bound, organic bound, iron-manganese oxidized and residual) were determined. By means of variance analysis, correlation analysis and other statistical analysis methods, it was concluded that: (1) Pb wastewater containing 10 ~ 20 ~ 4080 and 160 mg/L was treated with five different substrates to some extent Pb was removed. The removal rate of Pb in SSFGF substrates wetland was 75.41-81.91, the average value was 79.01%, the removal rate of Pb was 83.04-94.19g, and the average value was 89.07g Pb in FSSFF matrix wetland. The adsorption passivation effect of the five substrates was better when the optimal HRT was 12h, and the removal rate of Pb was 75.41-81.91g, with an average of 83.04-94.19g. The average removal rate of Pb was 47.86-92.433.The average rate was 73.75cm and the removal rate of Pb was 44.70-90.42, and the average was 68.40. Compared with the wetland with FSSGF and FSSFF, the removal efficiency of the wastewater containing Pb was better. (2) the analysis of variance and the multiple comparison showed that the wastewater of the same concentration was treated with the same HRT. There were significant differences in the removal rate of Pb among different substrates wetland, and there were significant differences among the five speciation contents of Pb in different substrates. (3) under the same HRT, There were some differences in the percentage of Pb forms in different substrates after treatment of wastewater with different concentrations in different wetland systems, but in general, the residual content of Pb was the highest in different substrates. The ratio of exchangeable and carbonate bound state content of heavy metal Pb in various substrates was 21-27%. (4) the removal rate of Pb in wastewater and the physicochemical index of wetland substrate were determined when the HRT was 12 h. Correlation analysis shows that Under certain conditions, the removal rate was significantly correlated with D10 / D80 CEC, water conductivity, exchangeable Ca, exchangeable Al, and available Fe, and was negatively correlated with each other. Combined with the linear regression equation, the removal rate of Pb in wastewater from 5 kinds of substrates wetland will decrease with the increase of the above mentioned indexes in the substrate. (5) the content of Pb in the five substrates and the matrix when the HRT is 12 h. The correlation analysis of physical and chemical indexes based on the Under certain conditions, the interchangeable and carbonate bound Pb content in the matrix was significantly correlated with the Fe, water conductivity and exchangeable Ca, availability of D10 D80 K80, and was positively correlated with the availability of Mn, and negatively correlated with the available Mn. The residual Pb content was positively correlated with D10 CEC and bulk density, and negatively correlated with the total porosity of available Mn, K80 and exchangeable Al.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703
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