【摘要】：浦江縣外胡和金坑嶺兩座水庫自投入運行以來,很好地發(fā)揮了以耕地灌溉、飲用水供給為主,結合防洪、發(fā)電、養(yǎng)殖等綜合利用的功效,但近年來,由于水庫生活排污以及農業(yè)施用化肥、農藥等多方位因素的影響使水體受到了污染,藻華現(xiàn)象時有發(fā)生,已經對浦江縣農村飲水安全乃至城市供水產生嚴重威脅并在村民中埋下了不安全的隱患。為貫徹落實中央國務院文件中關于“鞏固提升農村的飲用水安全”的精神,保證浦江縣農村供水安全,確保農村飲水工程長期發(fā)揮效益,本文對這兩座水庫展開水質現(xiàn)狀監(jiān)測分析,并實地調查分析水庫外源污染源和內源污染源,研究水體富營養(yǎng)化的成因,并提出切實可行的綜合防治和整改措施,以降低污染源對兩座水庫水質的影響,也為當?shù)卣_展農村人居環(huán)境治理工作提供參考依據(jù)。本論文得到的主要研究結論如下:一、對外胡和金坑嶺水庫水質現(xiàn)狀進行檢測分析得出,除總氮和總磷以外,兩個水庫的其它各項水質指標均較好,達到集中式生活飲用水地表水源地一級保護區(qū)標準。分別采用單項指標法、加權綜合評分法和綜合營養(yǎng)狀態(tài)指數(shù)法對兩個水庫進行富營養(yǎng)化程度評價,三種方法評價結果均表明兩個水庫均屬中-富營養(yǎng)類型;對比國內部分水庫發(fā)生水華現(xiàn)象時富營養(yǎng)化指標監(jiān)測值,外胡和金坑嶺水庫的水質指標已達到或超過富營養(yǎng)化控制標準,因此外胡和金坑嶺水庫也存在著藍藻大量爆發(fā)的潛在危機。二、對外胡和金坑嶺水庫外源污染源進行分析研究得出,兩個水庫氮的來源主要為點源污染中的生活垃圾以及面源污染中的化肥,磷的來源主要為點源污染中的畜禽養(yǎng)殖以及面源污染中的化肥。在外源污染源中,農田過量施用化肥,生活垃圾和生活污水的直接排放,以及畜禽養(yǎng)殖廢物通過地表徑流進入水庫是外胡和金坑嶺水庫主要的外源污染因素,必須在這幾方面進行綜合防治。三、對外胡和金坑嶺水庫內源污染源進行分析研究得出,兩個水庫的底泥中氮、磷含量較高,而底泥淤泥量在水庫總庫容中占比較大,所以底泥是水庫營養(yǎng)物質的重要蓄積庫。對外胡和金坑嶺水庫進行清淤,既能增加水庫的蓄水能力,又可以改善水庫水質,從而徹底解決困擾水庫底泥內源二次污染的問題。四、對外胡和金坑嶺兩個水庫水質治理的最佳方案是采取工程治理與生態(tài)修復相結合的綜合防治技術,應結合水庫當?shù)丨h(huán)境進行綜合考慮,結合社會經濟因素選出最佳的治理技術工藝,建立健康的水庫生態(tài)系統(tǒng),同時提高水體自凈能力,達到外胡和金坑嶺水庫水環(huán)境質量的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Since the two reservoirs of Huhe Jinkengling, outside Pujiang County, have been put into operation, they have played a good role in the comprehensive utilization of cultivated land irrigation, drinking water supply, combined with flood control, electricity generation and aquaculture, etc. But in recent years, As a result of the effects of various factors, such as reservoir sewage discharge and agricultural fertilizer and pesticides, the water body is polluted, and algae blooms occur from time to time. It has posed a serious threat to the rural drinking water safety and even the urban water supply in Pujiang County, and buried the hidden trouble of insecurity among the villagers. In order to implement the spirit of the document of the Central Committee of the State Council on "consolidating and improving the safety of drinking water in rural areas," to ensure the safety of water supply in the rural areas of Pujiang County, and to ensure that the drinking water project in rural areas will bring into full In this paper, the present situation of water quality in these two reservoirs is monitored and analyzed, and the external and internal sources of pollution are investigated and analyzed, the causes of eutrophication of water body are studied, and practical and feasible measures for comprehensive prevention and rectification are put forward. In order to reduce the impact of pollution sources on the water quality of the two reservoirs, it also provides a reference for the local government to carry out the rural human settlements environmental control work. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: first, the current situation of water quality in Huhe Jinkengling Reservoir is analyzed. The results show that the water quality indexes of the two reservoirs are good except total nitrogen and total phosphorus. Meet the standard of centralized drinking water surface water source protection area. The eutrophication degree of the two reservoirs was evaluated by single index method, weighted comprehensive score method and comprehensive nutritional status index method. The results of the three methods showed that the two reservoirs belong to the mid-eutrophication type. Comparing with the monitoring value of eutrophication index in some reservoirs in China when Shui Hua occurs, the water quality index of Waihuhe Jinkengling Reservoir has reached or exceeded the eutrophication control standard. Therefore, there is a potential crisis of large amount of cyanobacteria erupting in Waihuhe Jinkengling Reservoir. Second, through the analysis of the external sources of external pollution in the Huhe Jinkengling Reservoir, it is concluded that the nitrogen sources of the two reservoirs are mainly domestic waste from point source pollution and chemical fertilizer from non-point source pollution. The main sources of phosphorus are livestock breeding in point source pollution and chemical fertilizer in non-point source pollution. Among the external pollution sources, the excessive application of chemical fertilizers in farmland, the direct discharge of domestic refuse and domestic sewage, and the entry of livestock and poultry wastes into the reservoir through surface runoff are the main exogenous pollution factors in the Huhe Jinkengling Reservoir. Comprehensive prevention and treatment must be carried out in these areas. Thirdly, the internal sources of pollution sources in the Huhe Jinkengling Reservoir are analyzed and studied. The results show that the nitrogen and phosphorus contents in the sediment of the two reservoirs are high, and the silt content of the sediment accounts for a large part of the total reservoir capacity, so the sediment is an important accumulation of nutrients in the reservoir. The desilting of the Huhe Jinkengling Reservoir can not only increase the water storage capacity of the reservoir but also improve the water quality of the reservoir so as to solve the problem of secondary pollution of the reservoir sediment. Fourth, the best plan for water quality control of the two reservoirs in Huhe Jinkengling Reservoir is to adopt a comprehensive prevention and control technology that combines engineering management with ecological restoration, which should be considered comprehensively in the light of the local environment of the reservoir. Combined with social and economic factors, the best treatment technology was selected to establish a healthy reservoir ecosystem, and to improve the self-purification ability of water body to achieve the sustainable development of water environment quality of Waihuhe Jinkengling Reservoir.
【學位授予單位】：浙江工商大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X524

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 王玲玲;吳衛(wèi)菊;張斌;廖琪;;梁子湖沉積物中重金屬及營養(yǎng)鹽分布特征研究[J];環(huán)境科學與技術;2015年06期

2 王壯良;何傅淵;嚴愛蘭;;慈溪市梅湖水庫生活污染的調查和防治[J];安徽農業(yè)科學;2015年02期

3 鄭永華;曹岳陽;張宇;;臘山分洪河道水質影響因素分析與對策[J];山東水利;2014年11期

4 管蓓;劉繼明;陳森;;農村生活垃圾產生特征及分類收集模式[J];環(huán)境監(jiān)測管理與技術;2013年03期

5 王冠;張錦娟;莊景;;水庫水源地面源污染防治對策及實踐[J];安徽農業(yè)科學;2013年10期

6 袁春芳;;張家川縣農村水源地保護及水污染防治對策[J];農業(yè)科技與信息;2012年19期

7 趙光宇;;水庫淤積治理措施綜述[J];山西水利;2011年10期

8 范潔群;鄒國燕;宋祥甫;吳淑杭;付子軾;潘琦;劉福興;;不同類型生態(tài)浮床對富營養(yǎng)河水脫氮效果及微生物菌群的影響[J];環(huán)境科學研究;2011年08期

9 李巧香;黃文國;周永召;;新村港水體富營養(yǎng)化與赤潮發(fā)生的初步研究[J];海洋湖沼通報;2010年04期

10 魏敬池;顧寶群;;橫山嶺水庫底泥質量現(xiàn)狀調查研究[J];南水北調與水利科技;2010年04期

相關博士學位論文 前1條

1 楊鋼;三峽水庫水質污染及次級河流富營養(yǎng)化潛勢研究[D];重慶大學;2004年

相關碩士學位論文 前7條

1 胡雪芹;淀山湖浮游植物現(xiàn)存量研究及富營養(yǎng)化評價[D];華東師范大學;2012年

2 朱麗青;杭州主要城區(qū)河道的污染特征與生態(tài)危害分析[D];浙江大學;2012年

3 高洪生;湖庫化河流水體富營養(yǎng)化研究[D];福建師范大學;2011年

4 郁f^;青浦區(qū)飲用水水質質量狀況及超標影響因素分析[D];復旦大學;2010年

5 吳朝;巢湖西半湖富營養(yǎng)化影響因子定量分析研究[D];安徽農業(yè)大學;2009年

6 楊漪帆;淀山湖生態(tài)模型與富營養(yǎng)化控制研究[D];東華大學;2008年

7 袁文權;西瀝水庫內源污染及其控制[D];清華大學;2004年

，

本文編號：2282293