波吉卵囊藻對重金屬鉻的耐受性及吸附性研究
發(fā)布時間:2018-10-10 17:32
【摘要】:由于重金屬污染日益加劇,水資源安全每況愈下,鉻作為最嚴(yán)重的重金屬污染物之一,嚴(yán)重威脅著地球生物的健康。多價態(tài)鉻中尤以六價鉻毒性最強,近年來,在降低鉻(Cr)毒性、減少鉻污染的研究中,更多的視角轉(zhuǎn)向利用生物吸附材料進行吸附鉻的研究,眾多研究證實藻類具有吸附重金屬特性,以其存在廣泛、經(jīng)濟環(huán)保等優(yōu)點深受研究者們的青睞。本文以波吉卵囊藻(Oocystis borgei)為實驗材料,研究其對重金屬Cr(Ⅵ)的耐受性和吸附性,為降低水體鉻污染提供理論方法和應(yīng)用指導(dǎo)。本文主要從兩個角度開展實驗,即波吉卵囊藻對Cr(Ⅵ)的耐受性方面和吸附效果方面。1波吉卵囊藻對Cr(Ⅵ)的耐受性Cr(Ⅵ)濃度在2.5、5.0、7.5、10.0、12.5、15.0 mg/L下,定時測定藻細(xì)胞濃度、葉綠素a和藻蛋白含量,結(jié)果顯示:當(dāng)鉻濃度小于5.0 mg/L時,隨著鉻濃度的增加,藻細(xì)胞濃度增加,葉綠素a和藻蛋白含量相繼增加;當(dāng)鉻濃度增加到7.5 mg/L時,藻細(xì)胞濃度和葉綠素a含量減少(P0.05),低于對照組含量但差異不顯著,藻蛋白含量仍繼續(xù)增加達到最大值;當(dāng)鉻含量大于10.0 mg/L時,藻細(xì)胞濃度和葉綠素a含量以及藻蛋白含量隨著鉻的增加呈不斷下降走勢;當(dāng)鉻濃度達到15.0 mg/L時,培養(yǎng)12天后藻細(xì)胞個數(shù)較初始值小。從以上實驗結(jié)果可以總結(jié)出波吉卵囊藻對重金屬鉻(Ⅵ)的耐受性最適濃度為7.5 mg/L,15 mg/L為藻類的生長臨界值。2波吉卵囊藻對Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性在藻類吸附實驗中,分別從吸附時間、吸附條件(pH)、吸附劑含量、被吸附物質(zhì)含量、吸附劑活性角度進行實驗研究。當(dāng)吸附10 min時,新鮮藻和滅活藻吸附過程分別完成87.8%和81.0%,在10 min至120 min內(nèi),藻對鉻的吸附過程均完成,說明藻有無活性不影響對鉻的吸附速度。不同初始鉻濃度對滅活藻和新鮮藻吸附影響實驗中,當(dāng)鉻濃度在1.0~100.0 mg/L時,鉻濃度的增加利于吸附效率的提高,鉻濃度為100.0~200.0 mg/L時,吸附效率反而不斷降低,在100.0 mg/L時新鮮藻和滅活藻均達到最大的吸附效率91.2%和93.1%。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)初始藻量(吸附劑)的增加有利于吸附效率的提高,但吸附效率增加率隨著藻量的不同而變化,在藻量1.0g時吸附效率比增長率最大。pH實驗中,在pH值1~7變化中,藻類吸附鉻效率顯著不同,主要表現(xiàn)為隨著pH的增加,吸附效率降低,新鮮藻對pH的變化較為敏感,滅活藻在1~4 pH范圍內(nèi)吸附效率下降,但仍具有69.4%的吸附效率;pH主要影響吸附劑的表面官能團及吸附物離子的存在形式,作用機理復(fù)雜?傮w來看,滅活藻具有較好的吸附效果。3波吉卵囊藻對Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附過程符合準(zhǔn)一級動力學(xué)模型(新鮮活藻)和準(zhǔn)二級動力學(xué)模型(滅活藻體)。
[Abstract]:Due to the worsening of heavy metal pollution and the deterioration of water resources safety, chromium, as one of the most serious heavy metal pollutants, is a serious threat to the health of earth organisms. Hexavalent chromium is the most toxic in multivalent chromium. In recent years, in the research of reducing the toxicity of chromium (Cr) and reducing the pollution of chromium, more angles of view have turned to the study of adsorption of chromium with biosorption materials. Many studies have proved that algae has the characteristics of adsorption of heavy metals, because of its extensive existence, economic and environmental protection and other advantages are favored by researchers. In this paper, the tolerance and adsorption of (Oocystis borgei) to heavy metal Cr (鈪,
本文編號:2262665
[Abstract]:Due to the worsening of heavy metal pollution and the deterioration of water resources safety, chromium, as one of the most serious heavy metal pollutants, is a serious threat to the health of earth organisms. Hexavalent chromium is the most toxic in multivalent chromium. In recent years, in the research of reducing the toxicity of chromium (Cr) and reducing the pollution of chromium, more angles of view have turned to the study of adsorption of chromium with biosorption materials. Many studies have proved that algae has the characteristics of adsorption of heavy metals, because of its extensive existence, economic and environmental protection and other advantages are favored by researchers. In this paper, the tolerance and adsorption of (Oocystis borgei) to heavy metal Cr (鈪,
本文編號:2262665
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