【摘要】：本研究對(duì)貴州遵義松林Ni-Mo多金屬礦區(qū)表層土壤(旱地土和水稻土)和主要農(nóng)作物(糧食類和蔬菜類)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)采樣,采用ICP-MS分析土壤樣品中重金屬As和Tl的含量,及農(nóng)作物樣品中Tl的含量。通過(guò)地質(zhì)累積指數(shù)和潛在生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)指數(shù)評(píng)價(jià)礦區(qū)土壤As和Tl污染狀況及生態(tài)危害,并利用危險(xiǎn)商法(HQ)評(píng)價(jià)直接攝入農(nóng)作物對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裨斐傻腡l健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。主要研究結(jié)論如下:(1)礦區(qū)旱地土樣品As含量范圍為16.7~185 mg·kg~(-1),平均值為59.7mg·kg~(-1);水稻土樣品As含量范圍為6.4~44.6 mg·kg~(-1),平均值為22.4 mg·kg~(-1)。礦區(qū)旱地土樣品Tl含量范圍為1.04~4.69 mg·kg~(-1),平均值為2.11 mg·kg~(-1);水稻土樣品Tl含量范圍為1.12~1.93 mg·kg~(-1),平均值為1.57 mg·kg~(-1);(2)礦區(qū)6種農(nóng)作物樣品Tl含量的變化范圍為0.0162~1.059 mg·kg~(-1)。糧食類作物(水稻、玉米、甘薯)的Tl含量均值為0.111 mg·kg~(-1),蔬菜類作物(白菜、辣椒、蘿卜)的Tl含量均值為0.394 mg·kg~(-1)。(3)地質(zhì)累積指數(shù)法的評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果表明,礦區(qū)旱地土As的評(píng)價(jià)等級(jí)為無(wú)污染、輕度污染、中等污染、中度污染—重污染的樣品分別占9.1%、13.6%、54.5%、18.2%、4.6%;礦區(qū)水稻土As的評(píng)價(jià)等級(jí)為無(wú)污染、輕度污染、中等污染的樣品分別占41.7%、41.7%、16.6%。礦區(qū)旱地土Tl的評(píng)價(jià)等級(jí)為無(wú)污染、輕度污染、中等污染、中度污染—重污染的樣品分別占5%、59%、27%、9%;礦區(qū)水稻土樣品Tl的評(píng)價(jià)等級(jí)均為輕度污染。(4)潛在生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)指數(shù)法的評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果表明,礦區(qū)旱地土As的評(píng)價(jià)等級(jí)為輕微生態(tài)危害、中等生態(tài)危害、強(qiáng)生態(tài)危害的樣品分別占45.5%、45.5%、9%;礦區(qū)水稻土As的評(píng)價(jià)等級(jí)均為輕微生態(tài)危害。礦區(qū)旱地土Tl的評(píng)價(jià)等級(jí)為中等生態(tài)危害、強(qiáng)生態(tài)危害、很強(qiáng)生態(tài)危害的樣品分別占18%、64%、18%;礦區(qū)水稻土樣品Tl的評(píng)價(jià)等級(jí)為中等生態(tài)危害和強(qiáng)生態(tài)危害的樣品分別占33%和67%。(5)健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)指數(shù)法的評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果顯示,辣椒、玉米、水稻的Tl健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)指數(shù)小于1,不會(huì)引起人體健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn);蘿卜、白菜、甘薯的水稻的Tl健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)指數(shù)大于1,長(zhǎng)期食用會(huì)對(duì)人體造成一定程度的健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn);6種農(nóng)作物Tl健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)排序?yàn)榘撞颂}卜甘薯水稻辣椒玉米。本研究的上述評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果表明,礦區(qū)旱地土和水稻土中As和Tl已可能受到牛蹄塘組底部黑色頁(yè)巖的風(fēng)化及Ni-Mo礦產(chǎn)資源開(kāi)采的影響,均存在一定程度的潛在生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
[Abstract]:In this study, the surface soil (dryland soil and paddy soil) and main crops (grain and vegetables) in Ni-Mo polymetallic mining area of Zunyi pine forest in Guizhou province were systematically sampled. The contents of As and Tl in soil samples were analyzed by ICP-MS. And the content of Tl in crop samples. Through geological accumulation index and potential ecological risk index, the pollution status and ecological hazard of As and Tl in the soil of mining area were evaluated, and the Tl health risk caused by direct intake of crops to local residents was evaluated by (HQ). The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the range of As content in dryland soil of mining area is 16.7185 mg kg~ (-1), the average value is 59.7mg kg~ (-1), and the range of As content in paddy soil is 6.4 mg kg~ (-1) with an average of 22.4 mg kg~ (-1). The range of Tl content in dryland soil was 1.04 ~ 4.69 mg kg~ (-1), the average value was 2.11 mg kg~ (-1), and the range of Tl content in paddy soil was 1.120.93 mg kg~ (-1), and the average value was 1.57 mg kg~ (-1); (_ 2). The range of Tl content of 6 kinds of crop samples in mining area was 0.0162 ~ 2 ~ 1.059 mg kg~ (-1). The average Tl content of grain crops (rice, corn, sweet potato) was 0.111 mg kg~ (-1), and the average Tl content of vegetable crops (cabbage, pepper, radish) was 0.394 mg kg~ (-1). (3). The evaluation grade of As in dryland soil of mining area was no pollution, slight pollution, moderate pollution and heavy pollution, and the samples of medium pollution-heavy pollution accounted for 9.1C 13.6U 54.5N 18.2cm 4.6.The evaluation grade of As of paddy soil in mining area was non-pollution, mildly polluted, and the samples of moderate pollution accounted for 41.716.60.The results showed that the evaluation of As in dryland soil of mining area was non-polluted, slightly polluted, moderately polluted, and the moderately polluted samples accounted for 41.716.66% of the samples, respectively. The evaluation grade of Tl in dryland soil of mining area is no pollution, light pollution, moderate pollution, The Tl of paddy soil samples in mining area were all mild pollution. (4) the evaluation results of potential ecological risk index method showed that the evaluation grade of As in dryland soil of mining area was slight ecological hazard. The samples with strong ecological hazard accounted for 45.5%, and the As evaluation grade of paddy soil in mining area was slight ecological hazard. The evaluation grade of Tl in dryland soil of mining area is medium ecological hazard and strong ecological hazard. The samples with strong ecological hazards accounted for 18% and 18% respectively; the Tl of paddy soil samples from mining areas accounted for 33% and 67% of the samples with medium ecological hazard and strong ecological hazard respectively. (5) the results of the health risk index method showed that pepper and corn, The Tl health risk index of rice is less than 1, which does not cause human health risk. The Tl health risk index of sweet potato rice was more than 1, and the Tl health risk of 6 kinds of crops, namely cabbage, radish, sweet potato, rice, pepper and corn, caused a certain degree of health risk to human body after eating for a long time. The results of this study indicate that As and Tl in the dryland soil and paddy soil of the mining area may have been affected by the weathering of black shale at the bottom of Niulitang formation and the exploitation of Ni-Mo mineral resources, and there are some potential ecological risks.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：貴州師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X53;X82

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