黃河三角洲濱海濕地石油烴和重金屬空間分布規(guī)律與潛在生態(tài)風(fēng)險研究
[Abstract]:The Yellow River Delta is a rare ecological wetland in China, and it is also the site of Shengli Oilfield. Oil exploitation and ecological protection are equally important. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out environmental pollution research in this area, which is conducive to the sustainable development of this area. The source of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil was studied by using the characteristic parameters of petroleum hydrocarbons. The source of heavy metals in soil was studied by correlation analysis and principal component analysis. The ecological risk of heavy metals was evaluated by land accumulation index and potential ecological risk index. The main results are as follows: (1) From the point of view of n-alkanes and their parameters, the content of n-alkanes at points 19-46 and 20-64 at oil wells is greatly affected by oil pollution; The soil at Point 20-26 near the estuary may also be affected by the burning of crude oil or other fossil fuels to some extent; the N-alkanes in Point 19-31 near the Yellow River beach may come from plankton such as algae; and the N-alkanes at Points 19-9 and 20-69 in areas with more vegetation cover may mainly come from higher plants. Points 21-6 and 28-1, which are also located in areas with more vegetation cover, exhibit obvious characteristics of terrestrial higher plant input. Points 19-46,20-64 at oil wells and 20-69 near oil fields may be directly or indirectly affected by oil field development. Points 20-26 near the Yellow River estuary may have absorbed samples from the Yellow River. The contents of heavy metals in the surface soil of the study area were lower than the first-class national standard, but the average value of Cd element was close to the first-class national standard, the average value of As element was a little higher than the second-class national standard, and the potential ecological risk of heavy metals Cd and As was calculated to be mild or moderate. In general, the contents of heavy metals in the old Yellow River Estuary, the Yellow River Estuary, the vicinity of chemical plants and some oil wells are relatively high, and the potential ecological risk index and geoaccumulation index are also high, so the pollution degree is relatively high, which should be paid attention to. The distribution of heavy metals in the surface soil is also affected by the grain size of the soil. (3) The content of heavy metals in most strata of the soil profile in the study area is low, and is lower than the background value of the soil in Shandong Province, and no more than the national level. Heavy metals such as Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn are strongly correlated, so they may come from the same species. Heavy metals in soils at oil wells and non-oil wells may come from industrial and agricultural pollution. This conclusion is close to that of surface soils. The potential ecological risk index and accumulation index of heavy metals Cd and AS in soil profiles are relatively high, but both are moderate and below. (4) Generally speaking, the correlation between petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals in the studied samples is not significant, and most of them are weakly negative. There is a certain degree of positive correlation between petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals Pb, As. With the increase of depth, the content of heavy metals gradually decreases, while that of non oil wells is just the opposite.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:魯東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:X53;X826
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