【摘要】：SBR反應(yīng)系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用越來(lái)越普遍,為進(jìn)一步提高其處理效率,本文提出在SBR反應(yīng)體系再外加一個(gè)磁場(chǎng)來(lái)提高其運(yùn)行性能。研究了不同磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度對(duì)SBR反應(yīng)系統(tǒng)污染物降解效率的影響,采用MiSeq高通量測(cè)序技術(shù)解析了磁場(chǎng)條件下活性污泥微生物群落多樣性變化,并運(yùn)用宏基因組測(cè)序技術(shù)深入解析活性污泥微生物群落及功能變化。主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)磁場(chǎng)的加入在一定程度上提高了SBR系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行性能,且在700GS磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度下效果最明顯。其中,外加磁場(chǎng)對(duì)SBR反應(yīng)系統(tǒng)中總氮去除效果的影響顯著,在700GS時(shí)脫氮率從無(wú)磁場(chǎng)的65.69%提高到85.98%。外加磁場(chǎng)顯著提高了污泥脫氫酶活性,因而也會(huì)對(duì)各種污染物的去除產(chǎn)生積極作用。通過(guò)對(duì)不同磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度下活性污泥微生物群落多樣性的比較發(fā)現(xiàn),700GS磁場(chǎng)下活性污泥微生物豐度及多樣性最高。(2)實(shí)驗(yàn)SBR反應(yīng)器中的細(xì)菌域共鑒定出14個(gè)門(mén),主要以變形菌門(mén)(25.3%~61.5%)、擬桿菌門(mén)(18.6%~46.2%)、放線菌門(mén)(5.3%~47.2%)、酸桿菌門(mén)(0.4%~4.0%)為主�；钚晕勰嘀屑�(xì)菌群落結(jié)構(gòu)變化與污水處理效率存在一定相關(guān)性,重要的脫氮細(xì)菌,如?-Proteobacteria的Rhodoblastus、Paracoccus,?-Proteobacteria的Alicycliphilus、Comamonas、Xenophilus、Acidovorax、Dechloromonas、Thauera,?-Proteobacteria的Desulfovibrio,以及Planctomycetes門(mén)等,在中等磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度尤其是700GS時(shí),豐度最高,與脫氮效率增加有內(nèi)在的聯(lián)系。典型的PAOs如Acinetobacter、Pseudomonas、Propionicimonas等,在中等磁場(chǎng)條件下含量較高,與除磷率變化趨勢(shì)相同�；钚晕勰嘀形廴疚锝到饩颗c污染物去除率成正相關(guān)關(guān)系,外加磁場(chǎng)通過(guò)改變微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)影響污水處理效果。(3)選取多樣性變化最顯著的700GS磁場(chǎng)條件下的活性污泥以及對(duì)照組活性污泥進(jìn)行宏基因組測(cè)序,共檢測(cè)到68個(gè)門(mén)類(lèi)、1773個(gè)屬和3523個(gè)物種。其中,大多數(shù)屬于細(xì)菌域(95.93%~95.88%),古細(xì)菌域含量0.089%~0.154%,真核域含量在3.2155%~3.3800%,病毒含量0.0158%~0.0169%。在700GS磁場(chǎng)下,可有效促進(jìn)活性污泥宏基因組中Microgenomates、Fusobacteria、Parcubacteria、Tenericutes、Chlamydiae、Chrysiogenetes、Cyanobacteria、Planctomycete、Chordata、Microsporidia、Phaeophyceae、Glomeromycota、Blastocladiomycota、Euryarchaeota等門(mén)的生長(zhǎng),但會(huì)對(duì)部分門(mén)類(lèi)產(chǎn)生抑制作用。通過(guò)分析兩種活性污泥宏基因組中細(xì)菌域25個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)屬豐度變化情況發(fā)現(xiàn),700GS磁場(chǎng)可以有效促進(jìn)活性污泥中Thioalkalivibrio、Azoarcus、Thaueratao、Cellulomonas、Dermacoccus、Luteipulveratus、Arsenicicoccus、Kocuria、Mycobacterium、Propionibacterium、Streptomyces、Candidatus Saccharimonas等優(yōu)勢(shì)屬的增長(zhǎng)。相反,也會(huì)在一定程度上抑制活性污泥中部分優(yōu)勢(shì)菌屬的生長(zhǎng)。(4)700GS磁場(chǎng)作用活性污泥并未改變宏基因組中主要KEGG功能基因的排序。兩種活性污泥宏基因組中檢測(cè)到的KEGG的6大類(lèi)功能相關(guān)基因含量以及Carbohydrate metabolism、Overview、Amino acid metabolism、Energy metabolism、Signal transduction五個(gè)含量相對(duì)較高的子類(lèi)功能基因含量排序均未變。(5)系統(tǒng)的脫氮率,與活性污泥宏基因組中參與氮代謝的功能基因密切相關(guān)。700GS磁場(chǎng)可有效促進(jìn)脫氮過(guò)程相關(guān)功能基因增長(zhǎng),從而提高污水處理中氮的去除率。通過(guò)對(duì)活性污泥宏基因組中氮代謝相關(guān)的功能基因及其代謝通路的分析發(fā)現(xiàn),反硝化相關(guān)功能基因占據(jù)優(yōu)勢(shì)地位。參與反硝化反應(yīng)的nitrate reductase、nitrite reductase、nitric oxide reductase、nitrous-oxide reductase酶含量相關(guān)基因在700GS磁場(chǎng)下活性污泥宏基因組中含量高于未加磁場(chǎng),參與硝化反應(yīng)的ammonia monooxygenase、hydroxylamine dehydrogenase,以及參與氨化反應(yīng)的nitrite reductas、ferredoxin-nitrite reductase、ferredoxin-nitrate reductase、hydroxylamine reductase相關(guān)基因含量在700GS磁場(chǎng)下受到不同程度的抑制作用。檢測(cè)到的700GS下活性污泥宏基因組厭氧氨氧化反應(yīng)的hydrazine synthase、hydrazine dehydrogenase有關(guān)基因的含量高于未加磁場(chǎng),且執(zhí)行厭氧氨氧化過(guò)程的浮霉菌門(mén)含量在700GS下含量是未加磁場(chǎng)的1.8倍,說(shuō)明700GS磁場(chǎng)條件可以有效促進(jìn)浮霉菌門(mén)的生長(zhǎng)。
[Abstract]:The application of SBR reaction system is becoming more and more popular. In order to further improve its treatment efficiency, a magnetic field is added to SBR reaction system to improve its performance. The effect of different magnetic field intensity on the degradation efficiency of pollutants in SBR reaction system is studied. The microorganisms of activated sludge under magnetic field are analyzed by MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology. The main results are as follows: (1) The operation performance of SBR system was improved to a certain extent by adding magnetic field, and the effect was most obvious under 700GS magnetic field. Among them, total nitrogen in SBR reaction system was affected by applied magnetic field. The removal efficiency of activated sludge increased from 65.69% without magnetic field to 85.98% at 700GS. External magnetic field significantly increased the activity of sludge dehydrogenase and therefore had a positive effect on the removal of various pollutants. Mud microbial abundance and diversity were the highest. (2) In the SBR reactor, 14 phyla were identified, mainly Proteus (25.3% ~ 61.5%), Bacteroides (18.6% ~ 46.2%), Actinomycetes (5.3% ~ 47.2%) and Acidobacterium (0.4% ~ 4.0%). Denitrifying bacteria such as?-Proteobacteria's Rodoblastus, Paracoccus,?-Proteobacteria's Alycliphilus, Comamonas, Xenophilus, Acidovorax, Dechloromonas, Thauera,?-Proteobacteria's Desulfovibrio, and Planctomycetes gates have the highest abundance at medium magnetic field strength, especially at 700GS, and are intrinsically associated with increased nitrogen removal efficiency. Typical PAOs such as Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Propionicimonas, etc. have higher content in medium magnetic field, and the trend of phosphorus removal rate is the same. The content of pollutant degrading bacteria in activated sludge is positively correlated with the removal rate of pollutants, and the effect of magnetic field on wastewater treatment is affected by changing the structure of microbial community. A total of 68 classes, 1773 genera and 3523 species were detected in activated sludge and control sludge under 700 GS magnetic field. Most of them belong to bacterial domain (95.93%~95.88%), Archaea domain (0.089%~0.154%), eukaryotic domain (3.2155%~3.3800%) and virus (0.0158%~0.0169%). At 700GS magnetic field, it can effectively promote the growth of microgenomes, Fusobacteria, Parcubacteria, Tenericutes, Chlamydiae, Chrysiogenetes, Cyanobacteria, Planctomycete, Chordata, Microsporidia, Phaeophyceae, Glomeromycota, Blastocladiomycota, Euryarchaeota, but inhibit the growth of some phyla. The results showed that 700GS magnetic field could effectively promote Thioalkalivibrio, Azoarcus, Thaueratao, Cellulomonas, Dermacoccus, Luteipulveratus, Arsenicicoccus, Kocuria, Mycobacterium, Propionibacterium, Streptomyces, Candid. On the contrary, the growth of some dominant bacteria in activated sludge was inhibited to some extent. (4) Activated sludge treated with 700 GS magnetic field did not change the sequence of the major KEGG functional genes in the macrogenome. (5) The denitrification rate of the system is closely related to the functional genes involved in nitrogen metabolism in the macrogenome of activated sludge. 700GS magnetic field can effectively promote the denitrification process. Through the analysis of functional genes related to nitrogen metabolism and their metabolic pathways in activated sludge macrogenome, it was found that denitrification-related functional genes occupied a dominant position. Us-oxide reductase content-related genes in the macrogenome of activated sludge under 700 GS magnetic field were higher than those without magnetic field, ammonia monooxygenase, hydroxylamine dehydrogenase, nitrite reductase, ferredoxin-nitrate reductase, hydroxylamine redu involved in nitrification Ctase-related gene content was inhibited in different degrees under 700 GS magnetic field. hydrazine synthase and hydrazine dehydrogenase-related gene content in anaerobic ammonia oxidation of activated sludge under 700 GS was higher than that without magnetic field, and the content of Phytophthora in anaerobic ammonia oxidation process was not under 700 GS. Adding 1.8 times the magnetic field indicates that 700GS magnetic field conditions can effectively promote the growth of floating mold doors.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X703

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