胞外聚合物對(duì)厭氧氨氧化污泥性能的影響研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-08 08:09
【摘要】：Anammox工藝相對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)脫氮工藝具有諸多優(yōu)勢(shì),但anammox菌倍增時(shí)間長(zhǎng),對(duì)環(huán)境要求高阻礙了其在工程中的應(yīng)用。EPS對(duì)微生物聚集和污泥性能都有重要作用,但目前EPS在anammox聚集體形成過(guò)程中的作用仍存在爭(zhēng)議。本文通過(guò)反應(yīng)器運(yùn)行過(guò)程中、不同運(yùn)行狀態(tài)下及運(yùn)用光譜學(xué)技術(shù)三個(gè)方面研究了anammox污泥的EPS和污泥性能,得到anammox污泥EPS與污泥活性、污泥沉降性能的關(guān)系以及EPS在anammox聚集體形成過(guò)程中的作用,主要結(jié)論如下:(1)通過(guò)低基質(zhì)濃度,高進(jìn)水流量模式在運(yùn)行55天后成功地啟動(dòng)反應(yīng)器,第219天時(shí),反應(yīng)器進(jìn)水4N-NH(10)、N-NO-2濃度分別達(dá)到179和271mg/l,NLR和NRR分別為10111和9887mg/(L·d);運(yùn)行90天時(shí)在反應(yīng)器內(nèi)形成大量顆粒污泥并呈現(xiàn)微紅色;Anammox顆粒污泥EPS總量與反應(yīng)器NRR值呈現(xiàn)高度正相關(guān)性;TB-EPS含量占EPS總量的96.5%~98.9%,EPS的主要成分為PN,其次是腐殖質(zhì)和PS,且反應(yīng)器運(yùn)行過(guò)程中PN較PS含量變化的更快;運(yùn)行212天后,anammox顆粒污泥的PN、腐殖質(zhì)、PS、DNA含量分別為90、27、23、6mg/g-VSS。(2)改變進(jìn)水基質(zhì)氮濃度,使anammox污泥分別處于活性完全抑制狀態(tài)(R1)、正常運(yùn)行狀態(tài)(R2)、半饑餓狀態(tài)(R3),在R1、R2、R3三種狀態(tài)下運(yùn)行一個(gè)月后,污泥EPS總量和各組分含量都出現(xiàn)了升高;R2、R3內(nèi)污泥EPS的TB-EPS含量最大,主要成分是PN,R1污泥的SEPS含量最大,DNA成為主要成分;環(huán)境的改變對(duì)R2、R3內(nèi)顆粒污泥的結(jié)構(gòu)影響不大,而過(guò)高的基質(zhì)濃度以及攪拌作用產(chǎn)生的疊加壓力,使R1內(nèi)顆粒污泥結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生重大改變。(3)在反應(yīng)器NRR提升階段發(fā)現(xiàn),SAA與EPS總量、TB-EPS含量呈現(xiàn)高的線性正相關(guān),SAA與EPS不同組分含量都存在正相關(guān),其中,與PN含量的相關(guān)性最高;腐殖質(zhì)含量與SVI呈高度正相關(guān),PN/PS值與SVI呈現(xiàn)負(fù)相關(guān),即PN/PS值越大,污泥沉降性能越好;R1內(nèi)污泥沉降性能逐漸變差的過(guò)程中,LB-EPS含量(R2=0.9486)、SEPS含量(R2=0.9104)與污泥沉降性能有顯著的相關(guān)性,LB-EPS、SEPS含量越高,污泥的沉降性能越差。(4)1、2號(hào)anammox顆粒污泥的微生物多樣性高于3號(hào)anammox生物膜污泥;3個(gè)樣品中都存在Candidatus Anammoxoglobus、Candidatus Kuenenia、Candidatus Brocadia三個(gè)不同屬的anammox菌;屬水平下微生物群落分布聚類結(jié)果與基于功能豐度的聚類分析結(jié)果表明anammox聚集體的聚集形態(tài)對(duì)微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)有影響。(5)對(duì)anammox污泥樣品1、2、3以及人造厭氧顆粒污泥(artificial-AG)、好氧絮狀污泥(aerobic floc)、硝化污泥(nitrifying sludge)的EPS進(jìn)行三維熒光分析,得出TB-EPS中的蛋白質(zhì)在微生物聚集體中有重要地位,而腐殖質(zhì)類以及富里酸類物質(zhì)對(duì)微生物聚集體的形成和穩(wěn)定有不利影響;FTIR分析得出,三個(gè)anammox污泥樣品TB-EPS的官能團(tuán)及其強(qiáng)度相差不大,但與其他污泥有較明顯差異;綜合光譜學(xué)分析結(jié)果得出,EPS對(duì)anammox污泥聚集過(guò)程的作用機(jī)理主要是通過(guò)疏水作用以及與陽(yáng)離子的架橋作用。(6)Anammox顆粒污泥和生物膜在結(jié)構(gòu)上大體相同,都由小的聚集體構(gòu)成;絲狀菌纏繞作用、EPS粘附作用、陽(yáng)離子架橋作用、無(wú)機(jī)沉積物的內(nèi)核作用以及水力剪切作用在污泥聚集中發(fā)揮著重要作用;綜合前人和本文研究結(jié)果,提出一個(gè)5步的污泥顆�；哪Ｐ�。
[Abstract]:Compared with the traditional denitrification process, Anammox process has many advantages, but the long doubling time of anammox bacteria hinders its application in engineering. EPS plays an important role in microbial aggregation and sludge performance, but the role of EPS in the formation of anammox aggregates is still controversial. In this study, EPS and sludge properties of anammox sludge were studied under different operating conditions and by using spectroscopic techniques. The relationship between EPS and sludge activity, sludge settling performance and the role of EPS in the formation of anammox aggregates were obtained. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Through low substrate concentration and high inflow flow mode, the operation of anammox sludge was 55. On the 219th day, the influent concentration of 4N-NH (10), N-NO-2, NLR and NRR were 179 and 271 mg/l, 10111 and 9887 mg/L /(d), respectively; a large amount of granular sludge was formed and reddish in the reactor after 90 days of operation; the total EPS content of Anammox granular sludge was positively correlated with the NRR value of the reactor; The contents of PN, humus, PS and DNA in anammox granular sludge were 90,27,23,6 mg/g-VSS after 212 days of operation. After one month of operation in R1, R2 and R3, the total EPS content and each component content of sludge increased; TB-EPS content of sludge EPS in R2 and R3 was the highest, and the main component was PN and R1, and the SEPS content of sludge was the highest, and DNA was the main component; the change of environment affected the granular sludge in R2 and R3. The structure of granular sludge in R1 changed significantly with the increase of substrate concentration and stirring pressure. (3) In the NRR elevation stage of reactor, it was found that SAA was positively correlated with EPS and TB-EPS contents, and SAA was positively correlated with different EPS components, among which PN content was correlated. Humus content was positively correlated with SVI, and PN/PS value was negatively correlated with SVI, that is, the greater the PN/PS value, the better the sludge sedimentation performance; LB-EPS content (R2 = 0.9486), SEPS content (R2 = 0.9104) was significantly correlated with sludge sedimentation performance during the process of sludge sedimentation deterioration in R1, and LB-EPS, SEPS content was higher, sludge sedimentation performance was significantly correlated. (4) The microbial diversity of 1,2 anammox granular sludge was higher than that of 3 anammox biofilm sludge; Candidatus Anammoxoglobus, Candidatus Kuenenia and Candidatus Brocadia were found in all three samples; the clustering results of microbial community distribution at generic level and the clustering analysis based on functional abundance were obtained. The results showed that the aggregation morphology of anammox had an effect on the microbial community structure. (5) Three-dimensional fluorescence analysis of EPS of anammox sludge sample 1,2,3, artificial-AG, aerobic floc and nitrifying sludge showed that the protein in TB-EPS was heavy in microbial aggregates. The results of FTIR analysis showed that the functional groups and strength of TB-EPS in three anammox sludge samples were not different, but were significantly different from those in other sludge samples. The results of comprehensive spectral analysis showed that EPS had an adverse effect on the formation and stability of anammox sludge aggregation process. (6) Anammox granular sludge and biofilm are similar in structure and consist of small aggregates; filamentous fungi entanglement, EPS adhesion, cationic bridging, inorganic sediment nucleation and hydraulic shearing play important roles in sludge aggregation. The 5 step model of sludge granulation is put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X703
[Abstract]:Compared with the traditional denitrification process, Anammox process has many advantages, but the long doubling time of anammox bacteria hinders its application in engineering. EPS plays an important role in microbial aggregation and sludge performance, but the role of EPS in the formation of anammox aggregates is still controversial. In this study, EPS and sludge properties of anammox sludge were studied under different operating conditions and by using spectroscopic techniques. The relationship between EPS and sludge activity, sludge settling performance and the role of EPS in the formation of anammox aggregates were obtained. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Through low substrate concentration and high inflow flow mode, the operation of anammox sludge was 55. On the 219th day, the influent concentration of 4N-NH (10), N-NO-2, NLR and NRR were 179 and 271 mg/l, 10111 and 9887 mg/L /(d), respectively; a large amount of granular sludge was formed and reddish in the reactor after 90 days of operation; the total EPS content of Anammox granular sludge was positively correlated with the NRR value of the reactor; The contents of PN, humus, PS and DNA in anammox granular sludge were 90,27,23,6 mg/g-VSS after 212 days of operation. After one month of operation in R1, R2 and R3, the total EPS content and each component content of sludge increased; TB-EPS content of sludge EPS in R2 and R3 was the highest, and the main component was PN and R1, and the SEPS content of sludge was the highest, and DNA was the main component; the change of environment affected the granular sludge in R2 and R3. The structure of granular sludge in R1 changed significantly with the increase of substrate concentration and stirring pressure. (3) In the NRR elevation stage of reactor, it was found that SAA was positively correlated with EPS and TB-EPS contents, and SAA was positively correlated with different EPS components, among which PN content was correlated. Humus content was positively correlated with SVI, and PN/PS value was negatively correlated with SVI, that is, the greater the PN/PS value, the better the sludge sedimentation performance; LB-EPS content (R2 = 0.9486), SEPS content (R2 = 0.9104) was significantly correlated with sludge sedimentation performance during the process of sludge sedimentation deterioration in R1, and LB-EPS, SEPS content was higher, sludge sedimentation performance was significantly correlated. (4) The microbial diversity of 1,2 anammox granular sludge was higher than that of 3 anammox biofilm sludge; Candidatus Anammoxoglobus, Candidatus Kuenenia and Candidatus Brocadia were found in all three samples; the clustering results of microbial community distribution at generic level and the clustering analysis based on functional abundance were obtained. The results showed that the aggregation morphology of anammox had an effect on the microbial community structure. (5) Three-dimensional fluorescence analysis of EPS of anammox sludge sample 1,2,3, artificial-AG, aerobic floc and nitrifying sludge showed that the protein in TB-EPS was heavy in microbial aggregates. The results of FTIR analysis showed that the functional groups and strength of TB-EPS in three anammox sludge samples were not different, but were significantly different from those in other sludge samples. The results of comprehensive spectral analysis showed that EPS had an adverse effect on the formation and stability of anammox sludge aggregation process. (6) Anammox granular sludge and biofilm are similar in structure and consist of small aggregates; filamentous fungi entanglement, EPS adhesion, cationic bridging, inorganic sediment nucleation and hydraulic shearing play important roles in sludge aggregation. The 5 step model of sludge granulation is put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X703
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 唐堂;王碩;蔣志堅(jiān);李激;;群感效應(yīng)與信號(hào)分子在污泥顆粒化過(guò)程中的作用研究進(jìn)展[J];應(yīng)用與環(huán)境生物學(xué)報(bào);2016年04期
2 王曉慧;劉永軍;劉U，
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