富營養(yǎng)化湛江近海關(guān)鍵水質(zhì)要素的高分遙感反演及監(jiān)測研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-07 21:22
【摘要】：近海區(qū)域具有豐富的自然資源,與人類的經(jīng)濟生產(chǎn)生活具有緊密聯(lián)系。隨著人類沿�；顒拥脑黾�,近海海洋水質(zhì)受到較為嚴重的影響。對于近海海洋水質(zhì)要素的快速、準確的監(jiān)測極其重要。相比傳統(tǒng)走航采樣監(jiān)測耗費大量的人力、財力,利用遙感手段進行海洋水質(zhì)要素的監(jiān)測具有明顯的優(yōu)勢。它具有快速、連續(xù)、監(jiān)測面積大等諸多優(yōu)點。本文采用LANDSAT 8衛(wèi)星的遙感數(shù)據(jù),對湛江近海表層葉綠素a濃度以及懸浮泥沙濃度進行反演研究。同時利用反演結(jié)果,通過結(jié)合海洋地形、氣象等要素對葉綠素a濃度分布以及懸浮泥沙濃度分布的形成原因進行了探究,為湛江近海的水質(zhì)要素研究提供了理論及數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ)。本文主要研究成果如下:1.湛江近海海域水面光譜具有二類水體的光譜特征。在近紅外區(qū)域,由于懸浮泥沙等物質(zhì)的影響使得在該區(qū)間的遙感反射率不為0。同時湛江灣內(nèi)以及湛江灣外區(qū)域的水面光譜曲線均具有各自較為明顯的光譜特征。湛江灣內(nèi)外兩個區(qū)域的光譜值在550nm的光譜峰往紅光方向迅速減小,在685nm左右出現(xiàn)葉綠素的熒光峰。湛江灣外的光譜數(shù)據(jù)在440nm左右區(qū)域存在吸收現(xiàn)象,葉綠素a在此波段的強烈吸收和該波段的極小值存在相關(guān)性。對比其他相關(guān)海域,湛江灣近海存在760nm附近較為穩(wěn)定的吸收谷,該波段可以作為識別湛江灣近海光譜曲線的波段特征。2.湛江灣內(nèi)與湛江灣外光譜共同與實測水質(zhì)要素數(shù)據(jù)進行相關(guān)性分析,計算結(jié)果顯示相關(guān)性較低。由于水體水色要素組成成分濃度的不同會形成不同的表面光學特征。利用光譜特征的不同進行分區(qū),對各個分區(qū)分別建模對提高反演精度具有重要作用。利用灣內(nèi)與灣外光譜特征差異將研究區(qū)域分成灣內(nèi)部分與灣外部分,分別進行相關(guān)性分析。計算結(jié)果顯示,整體上相關(guān)性有了較大的提高。最高的相關(guān)性高達0.8。建立的模型相對誤差值均在30%左右。具有較好的反演精度。3.總體上湛江近海海域葉綠素a濃度較高。湛江灣內(nèi)葉綠素a濃度低于湛江灣外相關(guān)區(qū)域。懸浮泥沙含量在湛江灣內(nèi)區(qū)域高于湛江灣外。湛江灣外懸浮泥沙含量隨著與岸距離逐漸變大而降低。采樣的兩個航次在硇洲島與東海島之間的航道處均出現(xiàn)了較高的懸浮泥沙濃度的現(xiàn)象。研究區(qū)域5月葉綠素a平均濃度高于9月的平均濃度,懸浮泥沙平均含量5月低于9月。在兩個航次中,湛江灣內(nèi)水深較淺區(qū)域均出現(xiàn)了懸浮泥沙濃度較高,葉綠素a濃度相對較高的現(xiàn)象。在水深較小的區(qū)域,由于水淺,水體容易擾動,從而引起懸浮泥沙濃度較高的現(xiàn)象。同時水體攪動,促進整體水層的營養(yǎng)鹽混合,對浮游植物的生長具有積極的促進作用。
[Abstract]:The offshore area is rich in natural resources and is closely related to the economic production and life of human beings. With the increase of human coastal activities, the coastal water quality is seriously affected. It is very important for the fast and accurate monitoring of offshore marine water quality elements. Compared with the traditional navigation sampling monitoring, it consumes a lot of manpower and financial resources, so it has obvious advantages to use remote sensing to monitor the ocean water quality elements. It has many advantages, such as fast, continuous, large monitoring area and so on. In this paper, LANDSAT 8 satellite remote sensing data are used to invert the concentration of chlorophyll a and suspended sediment in the surface layer of Zhanjiang offshore. At the same time, the reasons of chlorophyll a concentration distribution and suspended sediment concentration distribution are explored by combining the ocean topography, meteorology and other factors, which provides a theoretical and data basis for the study of water quality elements in Zhanjiang coastal waters. The main research results of this paper are as follows: 1: 1. The surface spectrum of Zhanjiang offshore area has the spectral characteristics of the second kind of water body. In the near infrared region, the reflectivity of remote sensing in this region is not 0. 0 because of the influence of suspended sediment and other substances. At the same time, the water surface spectral curves in Zhanjiang Bay and outside Zhanjiang Bay have their own obvious spectral characteristics. The spectral values of the two regions inside and outside Zhanjiang Bay decreased rapidly from the peak of 550nm to the direction of red light, and the fluorescence peak of chlorophyll appeared around 685nm. The spectral data outside Zhanjiang Bay are absorbed in the 440nm region, and the strong absorption of chlorophyll a in this band is correlated with the minimum value of the band. Compared with other related sea areas, there is a relatively stable absorption valley near 760nm in the coastal waters of Zhanjiang Bay, which can be regarded as the band characteristic of identifying the spectral curve of Zhanjiang Bay. The correlation analysis between the spectrum of Zhanjiang Bay and the measured data of water quality elements shows that the correlation is low. Due to the different composition concentration of water color elements, different surface optical characteristics can be formed. It is important to improve the inversion accuracy by using the different spectral features to partition, and to model each partition separately. The study area was divided into the inside and outside bay parts by using the difference of spectral characteristics between the bay and the bay, and the correlation analysis was carried out respectively. The results show that the overall correlation has been greatly improved. The highest correlation is as high as 0. 8. The relative errors of the models are all about 30%. It has good inversion accuracy. 3. On the whole, the concentration of chlorophyll a in the coastal waters of Zhanjiang is relatively high. The concentration of chlorophyll a in Zhanjiang Bay is lower than that outside Zhanjiang Bay. The suspended sediment content in Zhanjiang Bay is higher than that outside Zhanjiang Bay. The suspended sediment content outside Zhanjiang Bay decreases with increasing distance from shore. The suspended sediment concentration of the two voyages was higher in the waterway between the island of Naozhou and the eastern island. The average concentration of chlorophyll a in May was higher than that in September, and the average concentration of suspended sediment in May was lower than that in September. In the two voyages, the relatively high suspended sediment concentration and relatively high chlorophyll a concentration occurred in the shallow water depth area of Zhanjiang Bay. In the area with small water depth, the water is easily disturbed because of the shallow water, which leads to the phenomenon of high suspended sediment concentration. At the same time, the agitation of the water can promote the nutrient mixing of the whole water layer, which can promote the growth of phytoplankton.
【學位授予單位】：廣東海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X52;X87
本文編號：2229459
[Abstract]:The offshore area is rich in natural resources and is closely related to the economic production and life of human beings. With the increase of human coastal activities, the coastal water quality is seriously affected. It is very important for the fast and accurate monitoring of offshore marine water quality elements. Compared with the traditional navigation sampling monitoring, it consumes a lot of manpower and financial resources, so it has obvious advantages to use remote sensing to monitor the ocean water quality elements. It has many advantages, such as fast, continuous, large monitoring area and so on. In this paper, LANDSAT 8 satellite remote sensing data are used to invert the concentration of chlorophyll a and suspended sediment in the surface layer of Zhanjiang offshore. At the same time, the reasons of chlorophyll a concentration distribution and suspended sediment concentration distribution are explored by combining the ocean topography, meteorology and other factors, which provides a theoretical and data basis for the study of water quality elements in Zhanjiang coastal waters. The main research results of this paper are as follows: 1: 1. The surface spectrum of Zhanjiang offshore area has the spectral characteristics of the second kind of water body. In the near infrared region, the reflectivity of remote sensing in this region is not 0. 0 because of the influence of suspended sediment and other substances. At the same time, the water surface spectral curves in Zhanjiang Bay and outside Zhanjiang Bay have their own obvious spectral characteristics. The spectral values of the two regions inside and outside Zhanjiang Bay decreased rapidly from the peak of 550nm to the direction of red light, and the fluorescence peak of chlorophyll appeared around 685nm. The spectral data outside Zhanjiang Bay are absorbed in the 440nm region, and the strong absorption of chlorophyll a in this band is correlated with the minimum value of the band. Compared with other related sea areas, there is a relatively stable absorption valley near 760nm in the coastal waters of Zhanjiang Bay, which can be regarded as the band characteristic of identifying the spectral curve of Zhanjiang Bay. The correlation analysis between the spectrum of Zhanjiang Bay and the measured data of water quality elements shows that the correlation is low. Due to the different composition concentration of water color elements, different surface optical characteristics can be formed. It is important to improve the inversion accuracy by using the different spectral features to partition, and to model each partition separately. The study area was divided into the inside and outside bay parts by using the difference of spectral characteristics between the bay and the bay, and the correlation analysis was carried out respectively. The results show that the overall correlation has been greatly improved. The highest correlation is as high as 0. 8. The relative errors of the models are all about 30%. It has good inversion accuracy. 3. On the whole, the concentration of chlorophyll a in the coastal waters of Zhanjiang is relatively high. The concentration of chlorophyll a in Zhanjiang Bay is lower than that outside Zhanjiang Bay. The suspended sediment content in Zhanjiang Bay is higher than that outside Zhanjiang Bay. The suspended sediment content outside Zhanjiang Bay decreases with increasing distance from shore. The suspended sediment concentration of the two voyages was higher in the waterway between the island of Naozhou and the eastern island. The average concentration of chlorophyll a in May was higher than that in September, and the average concentration of suspended sediment in May was lower than that in September. In the two voyages, the relatively high suspended sediment concentration and relatively high chlorophyll a concentration occurred in the shallow water depth area of Zhanjiang Bay. In the area with small water depth, the water is easily disturbed because of the shallow water, which leads to the phenomenon of high suspended sediment concentration. At the same time, the agitation of the water can promote the nutrient mixing of the whole water layer, which can promote the growth of phytoplankton.
【學位授予單位】：廣東海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X52;X87
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