【摘要】：目前,由于社會經(jīng)濟的迅速發(fā)展,在日常生產(chǎn)和生活中存在著難以生物降解并對生態(tài)環(huán)境有毒害作用的各種有機化合物。這些物質(zhì)具有長期存留、污染范圍廣等特點,一旦進入自然環(huán)境,對生態(tài)環(huán)境和人體健康構(gòu)成了嚴重的威脅。本研究選取其中具有代表性的有毒難降解有機污染物:苯酚和喹啉。苯酚是現(xiàn)代化學工業(yè)中常用的生產(chǎn)原料,由于苯酚具有活潑的化學性質(zhì)和穩(wěn)定的苯環(huán)結(jié)構(gòu),苯酚污染物已經(jīng)成為環(huán)境中殘留的難降解、有毒和有害污染物質(zhì)的代表。喹啉是一種典型的含氮雜環(huán)化合物,其分子結(jié)構(gòu)是由一個苯環(huán)和一個吡啶環(huán)耦合而成,是一種芳香族化合物。喹啉具有生物毒性,對動植物體會起到不同程度的毒害作用,如果進入人體,會導致“三致”——致畸、致癌、致突變作用。而隨著喹啉這種化工原料的廣泛使用,許多地區(qū)的土壤、地表水和地下水中都檢測到了喹啉的存在。因此,含酚廢水和含喹啉廢水的處理方法和相關(guān)學術(shù)研究日益受到關(guān)注。本研究利用一種新型的垂流式擋板生物膜反應器(vertical baffled bioreactor,簡稱VBBR)分別對苯酚和喹啉進行生物降解,重點討論了溶解氧和電子在其生物降解過程中的加速作用。通過Monod和Aiba兩種動力學模型探討了電子是如何加速苯酚和喹啉生物降解速率的。主要實驗結(jié)果如下:1.在30℃,pH=7.0,DO值為5.0-6.0 mg/L條件下,在苯酚生物降解過程中,檢測到有鄰苯二酚的產(chǎn)生;在喹啉的生物降解過程中,檢測到有2-羥基喹啉的產(chǎn)生。其中,苯酚的中間產(chǎn)物僅在苯酚與喹啉同時生物降解時檢測到其產(chǎn)生;而在喹啉單獨生物降解以及與苯酚同時生物降解過程中均檢測到喹啉中間產(chǎn)物的產(chǎn)生。2.溶解氧和電子是苯酚、喹啉生物降解的主要限制因素,在30℃,pH=7.0,DO值為5.0-6.0 mg/L條件下,添加不同濃度的外源電子供體對苯酚、喹啉生物降解速率有促進作用,兩者成正比關(guān)系;當設(shè)置不同濃度的溶解氧,對苯酚、喹啉的生物降解速率有不同程度的促進作用,在溶解氧濃度在0-6.0 mg/L范圍內(nèi),兩種有機物的生物降解速率隨著反應體系中溶解氧濃度的增大而增大。3.對苯酚、喹啉單獨生物降解分別進行動力學研究,當單獨生物降解時,苯酚、喹啉生物降解均符合Monod動力學模型,當同時生物降解時,苯酚、喹啉均符合Aiba動力學模型,通過動力學研究為電子對生物降解的加速作用提供了科學解釋。
[Abstract]:At present, due to the rapid development of social economy, there are various organic compounds which are difficult to biodegrade and toxic to the ecological environment in daily production and daily life. These substances have the characteristics of long-term existence and wide range of pollution. Once they enter the natural environment, they pose a serious threat to the ecological environment and human health. In this study, phenol and quinoline were selected as the representative toxic and refractory organic pollutants. Phenol is a common raw material in modern chemical industry. Because of its active chemical properties and stable benzene ring structure, phenol pollutant has become the representative of environmental residual refractory, toxic and harmful pollutants. Quinoline is a typical nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound. Its molecular structure is composed of a benzene ring and a pyridine ring, which is an aromatic compound. Quinoline has biological toxicity and plays a different degree of toxicity to animal and plant experience. If it enters the human body, it will lead to "three causes"-teratogenicity, carcinogenesis, mutagenicity. With the widespread use of quinoline, quinoline was detected in soil, surface water and groundwater in many areas. Therefore, phenol-containing wastewater and quinoline-containing wastewater treatment methods and related academic research has been paid more and more attention. In this paper, a novel vertical baffle biofilm reactor (VBBR) was used to biodegrade phenol and quinoline respectively, and the accelerated effects of dissolved oxygen and electrons in the process of biodegradation were discussed. Two kinetic models, Monod and Aiba, were used to investigate how electrons accelerate the biodegradation rate of phenol and quinoline. The main experimental results are as follows: 1. Catechol and 2-hydroxyquinoline were detected during phenol biodegradation and quinoline biodegradation at 30 鈩，

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