城市生活垃圾發(fā)酵增效及填埋場生命周期的研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-04 10:07
【摘要】：隨著人口的增多以及生活水平的提高,城市生活垃圾堆積量增大,帶來的一系列環(huán)境問題逐漸凸顯。填埋處理是目前城市生活垃圾的主要處理方式。本文以無錫市某垃圾填埋場為研究對象,以提高垃圾填埋場發(fā)酵能力為目標(biāo),基于滲濾液水質(zhì)和甲烷生成規(guī)律確定了垃圾厭氧發(fā)酵的最適溫度;分析了回灌技術(shù)對垃圾滲濾液、甲烷生成和微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)的影響;對填埋場滲濾液水質(zhì)、產(chǎn)氣量變化規(guī)律進(jìn)行預(yù)測,并利用物料平衡的方法分析堆體可降解有機(jī)碳量,確定了填埋場的生命周期。主要研究結(jié)果如下:分析溫度對城市生活垃圾厭氧發(fā)酵的影響。以無錫市生活垃圾聯(lián)合厭氧顆粒污泥發(fā)酵過程為研究對象,分析不同發(fā)酵溫度(25°C、35°C和45°C)對城市生活垃圾厭氧發(fā)酵過程中滲濾液的化學(xué)需氧量(COD)、NH_4~+-N、揮發(fā)性脂肪酸(VFA)、滲濾液流出量和甲烷的影響。25°C、35°C和45°C的NH_4~+-N最終濃度分別為2450、2650和3000 mg·L~(-1),COD的去除率分別為60.9%、85.2%和80.1%,甲烷的平均體積分?jǐn)?shù)分別為39.4%、66.9%和53.2%,累積甲烷量分別為15.44、100.95和75.89 m L·g VS~(-1)。結(jié)果表明35°C在縮短發(fā)酵周期,提高甲烷產(chǎn)量的同時,還能在一定程度上減小NH_4~+-N濃度,有助于減輕后續(xù)滲濾液處理的壓力。探究了不同COD濃度滲濾液回灌對城市生活垃圾穩(wěn)定性的影響。通過對不同COD濃度(3k、6k和9k mg·L~(-1))的滲濾液進(jìn)行回灌處理,對發(fā)酵過程中的水質(zhì)、產(chǎn)氣變化進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)跟蹤,并且利用焦磷酸測序技術(shù)對其中的古菌群落進(jìn)行了分析。結(jié)果表明,對照組、3k、6k和9k mg·L~(-1)回灌組COD的降解率分別為83.6%、85.7%、91.6%和80.8%;累積甲烷量分別為129.28、287.52、330.98和103.45 m L·g VS~(-1)。6k mg·L~(-1)回灌組的最高產(chǎn)甲烷速率比對照組、3k和9k mg·L~(-1)回灌組分別提高了91.7%、6.4%和126.8%。COD為6k mg·L~(-1)滲濾液回灌不僅能加速垃圾降解,還能顯著提高填埋氣產(chǎn)量。焦磷酸測序分析污泥中的古菌群落結(jié)構(gòu),結(jié)果表明高濃度滲濾液回灌會降低Methanobacterium、Methanoregula、Methanolinea、Methanospirillum、Methanosphaera的群落,對Methanobacterium的影響尤為顯著,相對豐度僅為7.82%。而低中濃度回灌下的Methanobacterium相對豐度均在30%上下。填埋場預(yù)測模型的建立及生命周期分析。針對無錫市某垃圾填埋場滲濾液水質(zhì)和產(chǎn)氣量變化規(guī)律建立模型,獲得COD、NH_4~+-N的濃度變化預(yù)測曲線。在Scholl Canyon模型的基礎(chǔ)上對填埋場的產(chǎn)氣進(jìn)行預(yù)測,并確定了產(chǎn)氣速率常數(shù)k為0.145。將預(yù)測數(shù)值與實(shí)際測量值進(jìn)行了對比,平均誤差僅在3.33%,結(jié)果表明模型是合理可靠的。通過有機(jī)碳平衡分析,確定封場時垃圾填埋場有機(jī)碳剩余量為266573.42噸。
[Abstract]:With the increase of population and the improvement of living standard, the amount of municipal solid waste is increasing, which brings a series of environmental problems. Landfill treatment is the main treatment of municipal solid waste. This paper takes a landfill site in Wuxi as the research object, aiming at improving the fermentation capacity of the landfill, based on the water quality of leachate and the law of methane generation, the optimum temperature of anaerobic fermentation of refuse is determined, and the effect of recharge technology on landfill leachate is analyzed. The effects of methane production and microbial community structure on landfill leachate quality and gas production were predicted. The biodegradable organic carbon content of landfill was analyzed by material balance method and the life cycle of landfill was determined. The main results are as follows: analyze the effect of temperature on anaerobic fermentation of municipal solid waste. The process of anaerobic granular sludge fermentation of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Wuxi City was studied. The effects of different fermentation temperatures (25 擄C ~ 35 擄C and 45 擄C) on the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of leachate during anaerobic fermentation of municipal solid waste (MSW), the effluents of volatile fatty acid (VFA),) leachate and methane (Ch _ 4) were analyzed. The final concentrations of NH _ 4 ~ -N at 25 擄C ~ 35 擄C and 45 擄C were 2450 ~ 2650 and 45 擄C respectively. The removal rates of 3000 mg / L ~ (-1) COD were 85.2% and 80.1%, respectively. The average volume fraction of methane was 66.9% and 53.2%, respectively, and the accumulative methane content was 15.44100.95 and 75.89 m L g VS-1, respectively. The results show that 35 擄C can shorten fermentation period and increase methane production, but also decrease NH4- N concentration to a certain extent, which is helpful to reduce the pressure of subsequent leachate treatment. The effect of leachate recharge with different COD concentration on the stability of municipal solid waste (MSW) was investigated. The water quality and gas production of leachate with different concentrations of COD (3kDa 6k and 9k mg / L ~ (-1) were tracked by recirculation, and pyrosequencing was used to analyze the community of ancient bacteria in the leachate of different concentration (3kg ~ (6k) and 9k mg / L ~ (-1). The results show that The degradation rates of COD were 91.6% and 80.8%, respectively, in the control group of 6k and 9k mg / L ~ (-1), respectively, and the accumulative methane contents were 129.287.52330.98 and 103.45 m L g VS-1 路6k / L ~ (-1), respectively, which were higher than those of the control group (3k and 9k mg L ~ (-1) by 91.7mg L ~ (-1) and 126.8%.COD of 6k mg / L ~ (-1), respectively. Filtrate recharge can not only accelerate the degradation of garbage, The landfill gas production can also be significantly increased. The results of pyrosequencing analysis showed that high concentration leachate recharge reduced the community of Methanobacteriumum Methanolineum Methanospirillum Methanosphaera, and the relative abundance was only 7.82%. The relative abundance of Methanobacterium was about 30% under low and medium concentration recharge. Establishment of landfill prediction model and life cycle analysis. A model was established for the variation of leachate quality and gas production in a landfill in Wuxi, and the prediction curve of CODU NH4- N concentration was obtained. Based on the Scholl Canyon model, the gas production of the landfill is predicted, and the gas production rate constant k is determined to be 0.145. The average error is only 3.33. The results show that the model is reasonable and reliable. Through organic carbon balance analysis, it is determined that the residual amount of organic carbon in landfill is 266573.42 tons.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X799.3
本文編號：2163543
[Abstract]:With the increase of population and the improvement of living standard, the amount of municipal solid waste is increasing, which brings a series of environmental problems. Landfill treatment is the main treatment of municipal solid waste. This paper takes a landfill site in Wuxi as the research object, aiming at improving the fermentation capacity of the landfill, based on the water quality of leachate and the law of methane generation, the optimum temperature of anaerobic fermentation of refuse is determined, and the effect of recharge technology on landfill leachate is analyzed. The effects of methane production and microbial community structure on landfill leachate quality and gas production were predicted. The biodegradable organic carbon content of landfill was analyzed by material balance method and the life cycle of landfill was determined. The main results are as follows: analyze the effect of temperature on anaerobic fermentation of municipal solid waste. The process of anaerobic granular sludge fermentation of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Wuxi City was studied. The effects of different fermentation temperatures (25 擄C ~ 35 擄C and 45 擄C) on the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of leachate during anaerobic fermentation of municipal solid waste (MSW), the effluents of volatile fatty acid (VFA),) leachate and methane (Ch _ 4) were analyzed. The final concentrations of NH _ 4 ~ -N at 25 擄C ~ 35 擄C and 45 擄C were 2450 ~ 2650 and 45 擄C respectively. The removal rates of 3000 mg / L ~ (-1) COD were 85.2% and 80.1%, respectively. The average volume fraction of methane was 66.9% and 53.2%, respectively, and the accumulative methane content was 15.44100.95 and 75.89 m L g VS-1, respectively. The results show that 35 擄C can shorten fermentation period and increase methane production, but also decrease NH4- N concentration to a certain extent, which is helpful to reduce the pressure of subsequent leachate treatment. The effect of leachate recharge with different COD concentration on the stability of municipal solid waste (MSW) was investigated. The water quality and gas production of leachate with different concentrations of COD (3kDa 6k and 9k mg / L ~ (-1) were tracked by recirculation, and pyrosequencing was used to analyze the community of ancient bacteria in the leachate of different concentration (3kg ~ (6k) and 9k mg / L ~ (-1). The results show that The degradation rates of COD were 91.6% and 80.8%, respectively, in the control group of 6k and 9k mg / L ~ (-1), respectively, and the accumulative methane contents were 129.287.52330.98 and 103.45 m L g VS-1 路6k / L ~ (-1), respectively, which were higher than those of the control group (3k and 9k mg L ~ (-1) by 91.7mg L ~ (-1) and 126.8%.COD of 6k mg / L ~ (-1), respectively. Filtrate recharge can not only accelerate the degradation of garbage, The landfill gas production can also be significantly increased. The results of pyrosequencing analysis showed that high concentration leachate recharge reduced the community of Methanobacteriumum Methanolineum Methanospirillum Methanosphaera, and the relative abundance was only 7.82%. The relative abundance of Methanobacterium was about 30% under low and medium concentration recharge. Establishment of landfill prediction model and life cycle analysis. A model was established for the variation of leachate quality and gas production in a landfill in Wuxi, and the prediction curve of CODU NH4- N concentration was obtained. Based on the Scholl Canyon model, the gas production of the landfill is predicted, and the gas production rate constant k is determined to be 0.145. The average error is only 3.33. The results show that the model is reasonable and reliable. Through organic carbon balance analysis, it is determined that the residual amount of organic carbon in landfill is 266573.42 tons.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X799.3
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