二價鐵離子對厭氧發(fā)酵及好氧生物脫氮過程的影響
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-21 14:44
【摘要】：厭氧生物發(fā)酵和好氧生物脫氮均為廢水生物處理技術(shù)中重要的部分,目前各大污廢水處理廠處理原水時大多離不開這兩種工藝。隨著科技的進步,這兩種工藝日趨成熟,但在處理效率上還是需要提高。鐵作為活性污泥中微量元素的一種,在微生物細胞內(nèi)起不可替代的作用。鐵元素是微生物細胞內(nèi)酶的活性中心,是維持細胞穩(wěn)態(tài)的重要元素,促進微生物進行新陳代謝。因此研究鐵在廢水生物處理中的作用有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。本研究分別采用厭氧發(fā)酵反應(yīng)器和好氧生物反應(yīng)器進行外加鐵源的對照實驗。反應(yīng)器進水均由實驗室人工配制,對反應(yīng)器的運行進行合理調(diào)控。厭氧發(fā)酵生物處理實驗在進水中持續(xù)外加二價鐵鹽,以不同的二價鐵離子濃度和蔗糖濃度調(diào)整反應(yīng)器的運行條件,對反應(yīng)器在各個狀態(tài)下的理化指標的變化進行檢測和分析,并結(jié)合熒光光譜圖與指標的變化趨勢加以驗證,探究鐵對厭氧發(fā)酵過程的影響。好氧生物脫氮實驗進行兩個階段,以有、無碳源為區(qū)分條件。反應(yīng)器均接種馴化成熟的好氧污泥,通過改變二價鐵濃度,研究鐵對硝化反硝化作用的影響,通過測定有關(guān)氮元素的指標對脫氮效果進行研究分析,另外通過對污泥粒徑的檢測考察好氧污泥顆�；倪M程。本研究得到的結(jié)論如下:(1)在厭氧發(fā)酵的條件下,實驗組的出水COD由加入前的438.15 mg·L~(-1)降為332.79 mg·L~(-1),COD去除率由原來的86.3%上升到89.6%,出水糖濃度從15mg·L~(-1)降為2.5 mg·L~(-1)左右。隨著進水蔗糖濃度的升高以及Fe~(2+)濃度的降低,出水COD有一定程度上的升高。(2)Fe~(2+)的加入使得反應(yīng)器的出水p H升高,加鐵后的反應(yīng)器發(fā)生厭氧發(fā)酵崩潰的時間比未加鐵的推遲了11 d。實驗進行80 d和124 d(停止外加鐵源)的污泥測定的鐵含量,分別為24772.6 mg·kg~(-1)和16096.9 mg·kg~(-1),說明持續(xù)外加鐵源使得鐵元素在活性污泥中大量積累;而反應(yīng)器出水的鐵含量始終不超過1 mg·L~(-1)。(3)Fe~(2+)的加入對降解脂肪酸有一定的影響,抑制了生成乙酸的渠道,而丙酸開始大量積累。Fe~(2+)具有一定的絮凝性,可降低水體中SS的濃度。光學(xué)顯微鏡下的厭氧污泥顆粒,加鐵生長的顆粒比未加鐵的顆粒大,說明二價鐵促進厭氧污泥的顆�；�。(4)通過三維熒光的方法,解析出投加鐵源的出水含有四種熒光物質(zhì):色氨酸、酪氨酸、輔酶F_(420)、類富里酸。各熒光基團的變化情況與理化指標能夠一一對應(yīng)。綜合以上結(jié)論可知,Fe~(2+)的加入對UASB降解底物蔗糖有促進作用。(5)SBR反應(yīng)器添加有機碳源乙酸鈉進行好氧生物脫氮,Fe~(2+)的加入使得降解氨氮的效率有所提高,硝酸鹽氮的生成量也有所增加,但是鐵離子的促進作用并不明顯。SBR反應(yīng)器的COD降解效率較高,達到80%以上,且實驗組的去除率比對照組的高。說明Fe~(2+)促進有機物的去除。光學(xué)顯微鏡觀察發(fā)現(xiàn),實驗組的污泥形態(tài)比對照組的污泥形態(tài)大,說明二價鐵促進好氧污泥的顆�；�。(6)無有機碳源的條件下,當進水Fe~(2+)濃度為0.002 mg·L~(-1)、0.5 mg·L~(-1)、1mg·L~(-1)時,氨氮轉(zhuǎn)化率分別為98.4%、99%、99.2%,反應(yīng)器的總氮去除率分別為37.5%、37.3%、37.6%,Fe~(2+)對總氮的影響不大。亞硝酸鹽氮和硝酸鹽氮在生成量上也有少許增加,但從總體來看,Fe~(2+)的影響不甚明顯。外加Fe~(2+)后,出水的Zeta電位比進水的電位低,且進出水的電位差變大。Zeta電位越低,說明活性污泥的絮凝效果好,該結(jié)論在污泥粒徑的測定中得到了證實。隨著Fe~(2+)濃度的增大,相應(yīng)條件下的顆粒污泥D50也逐步增加。
[Abstract]:Anaerobic biological fermentation and aerobic biological denitrification are both important parts of the biological treatment technology of wastewater. At present, most of the wastewater treatment plants are mostly inseparable from these two processes. With the progress of science and technology, these two processes are becoming more mature, but the efficiency of treatment still needs to be improved. Iron is a kind of trace element in activated sludge. It plays an irreplaceable role in microbial cells. Iron is the active center of the enzyme in the microorganism cell, is an important element to maintain the homeostasis of the cell, and promotes the metabolism of the microorganism. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the role of iron in the biological treatment of wastewater. A controlled experiment on the iron source was carried out in the reactor. The influent of the reactor was artificially prepared by the laboratory, and the operation of the reactor was reasonably regulated. The anaerobic fermentation biological treatment experiment continued to add two valent iron salt to the influent, and adjusted the operating conditions of the counter with different concentration of two valence iron ions and the concentration of sucrose, and the reactor was in various states. The changes of physical and chemical indexes were detected and analyzed, and the influence of iron on the anaerobic fermentation process was examined in combination with the change trend of fluorescence spectra and indexes. The aerobic biological denitrification experiment was carried out in two stages, with the presence of carbon free source as the distinguishing condition. The reactor was inoculated and domesticated aerobic sludge, and the concentration of two iron was changed by changing the concentration of iron. The effect of iron on nitrification and denitrification was studied and the effect of nitrogen removal was studied and analyzed. In addition, the process of aerobic sludge granulation was examined by the detection of the particle size of the sludge. The results of this study were as follows: (1) under the anaerobic fermentation conditions, the effluent COD of the experimental group was 438.15 mg. L~ before joining. 1) reduced to 332.79 mg. L~ (-1), the removal rate of COD increased from 86.3% to 89.6%, and the effluent sugar concentration was reduced from 15mg to L~ (-1) to 2.5 mg. L~ (-1). With the increase of sucrose concentration and the decrease of Fe~ (2+) concentration, the effluent had a certain degree of increase. (2) the addition of the effluent to the reactor increased the effluent and the reaction after iron added. The time of anaerobic fermentation to collapse was delayed by 11 D. experiments to carry out the iron content of 80 D and 124 D (stop the iron source). The iron content was 24772.6 mg. Kg~ (-1) and 16096.9 mg. Kg~ (-1), indicating that the iron content was accumulated in the activated sludge, and the iron content of the reactor effluent was always not. The addition of 1 mg. L~ (-1). (3) the addition of Fe~ (2+) has a certain effect on the degradation of fatty acids, which inhibits the channel of producing acetic acid, and propionic acid begins to accumulate a large amount of.Fe~ (2+) with a certain flocculation, which can reduce the concentration of SS in the water body. The anaerobic sludge grains under the optical microscope are larger than those without iron, indicating two valence iron. Promote the granulation of anaerobic sludge. (4) through the three-dimensional fluorescence method, it is found that the effluent of the iron source contains four kinds of fluorescent substances: tryptophan, tyrosine, coenzyme F_ (420), and fulvic acid. The changes of the fluorescent groups and the physical and chemical indexes can correspond to one by one. The conclusion is that the addition of Fe~ (2+) to the UASB degradation substrate sucrose (5) SBR reactor added organic carbon source of sodium acetate for aerobic biological denitrification. The addition of Fe~ (2+) increased the efficiency of ammonia nitrogen degradation and increased the production of nitrate nitrogen, but the promoting effect of iron ions was not obvious in the COD reduction efficiency of the.SBR reactor, reaching more than 80%, and the ratio of removal rate of the experimental group was more than that of the experimental group. The height of the control group showed that Fe~ (2+) promoted the removal of organic matter. The optical microscope observed that the sludge form of the experimental group was larger than that of the control group, indicating that the two valence iron promoted the granulation of aerobic sludge. (6) when the concentration of the influent Fe~ (2+) was 0.002 mg. L~ (-1), 0.5 mg. L~ (-1), 1mg L~, the transformation of ammonia nitrogen The total nitrogen removal rates were 98.4%, 99% and 99.2% respectively. The total nitrogen removal rates of the reactor were 37.5%, 37.3%, 37.6%, and Fe~ (2+) had little effect on the total nitrogen. The nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen had a little increase in the amount of production, but in general, the effect of Fe~ (2+) was not obvious. After adding Fe~ (2+), the Zeta potential of the effluent was lower than that of the water, and in and out of water. The lower the potential difference, the lower the.Zeta potential, which indicates that the flocculation effect of activated sludge is good. This conclusion has been proved in the determination of the size of the sludge. With the increase of the concentration of Fe~ (2+), the granular sludge D50 under the corresponding conditions is also gradually increased.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703
本文編號：2135861
[Abstract]:Anaerobic biological fermentation and aerobic biological denitrification are both important parts of the biological treatment technology of wastewater. At present, most of the wastewater treatment plants are mostly inseparable from these two processes. With the progress of science and technology, these two processes are becoming more mature, but the efficiency of treatment still needs to be improved. Iron is a kind of trace element in activated sludge. It plays an irreplaceable role in microbial cells. Iron is the active center of the enzyme in the microorganism cell, is an important element to maintain the homeostasis of the cell, and promotes the metabolism of the microorganism. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the role of iron in the biological treatment of wastewater. A controlled experiment on the iron source was carried out in the reactor. The influent of the reactor was artificially prepared by the laboratory, and the operation of the reactor was reasonably regulated. The anaerobic fermentation biological treatment experiment continued to add two valent iron salt to the influent, and adjusted the operating conditions of the counter with different concentration of two valence iron ions and the concentration of sucrose, and the reactor was in various states. The changes of physical and chemical indexes were detected and analyzed, and the influence of iron on the anaerobic fermentation process was examined in combination with the change trend of fluorescence spectra and indexes. The aerobic biological denitrification experiment was carried out in two stages, with the presence of carbon free source as the distinguishing condition. The reactor was inoculated and domesticated aerobic sludge, and the concentration of two iron was changed by changing the concentration of iron. The effect of iron on nitrification and denitrification was studied and the effect of nitrogen removal was studied and analyzed. In addition, the process of aerobic sludge granulation was examined by the detection of the particle size of the sludge. The results of this study were as follows: (1) under the anaerobic fermentation conditions, the effluent COD of the experimental group was 438.15 mg. L~ before joining. 1) reduced to 332.79 mg. L~ (-1), the removal rate of COD increased from 86.3% to 89.6%, and the effluent sugar concentration was reduced from 15mg to L~ (-1) to 2.5 mg. L~ (-1). With the increase of sucrose concentration and the decrease of Fe~ (2+) concentration, the effluent had a certain degree of increase. (2) the addition of the effluent to the reactor increased the effluent and the reaction after iron added. The time of anaerobic fermentation to collapse was delayed by 11 D. experiments to carry out the iron content of 80 D and 124 D (stop the iron source). The iron content was 24772.6 mg. Kg~ (-1) and 16096.9 mg. Kg~ (-1), indicating that the iron content was accumulated in the activated sludge, and the iron content of the reactor effluent was always not. The addition of 1 mg. L~ (-1). (3) the addition of Fe~ (2+) has a certain effect on the degradation of fatty acids, which inhibits the channel of producing acetic acid, and propionic acid begins to accumulate a large amount of.Fe~ (2+) with a certain flocculation, which can reduce the concentration of SS in the water body. The anaerobic sludge grains under the optical microscope are larger than those without iron, indicating two valence iron. Promote the granulation of anaerobic sludge. (4) through the three-dimensional fluorescence method, it is found that the effluent of the iron source contains four kinds of fluorescent substances: tryptophan, tyrosine, coenzyme F_ (420), and fulvic acid. The changes of the fluorescent groups and the physical and chemical indexes can correspond to one by one. The conclusion is that the addition of Fe~ (2+) to the UASB degradation substrate sucrose (5) SBR reactor added organic carbon source of sodium acetate for aerobic biological denitrification. The addition of Fe~ (2+) increased the efficiency of ammonia nitrogen degradation and increased the production of nitrate nitrogen, but the promoting effect of iron ions was not obvious in the COD reduction efficiency of the.SBR reactor, reaching more than 80%, and the ratio of removal rate of the experimental group was more than that of the experimental group. The height of the control group showed that Fe~ (2+) promoted the removal of organic matter. The optical microscope observed that the sludge form of the experimental group was larger than that of the control group, indicating that the two valence iron promoted the granulation of aerobic sludge. (6) when the concentration of the influent Fe~ (2+) was 0.002 mg. L~ (-1), 0.5 mg. L~ (-1), 1mg L~, the transformation of ammonia nitrogen The total nitrogen removal rates were 98.4%, 99% and 99.2% respectively. The total nitrogen removal rates of the reactor were 37.5%, 37.3%, 37.6%, and Fe~ (2+) had little effect on the total nitrogen. The nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen had a little increase in the amount of production, but in general, the effect of Fe~ (2+) was not obvious. After adding Fe~ (2+), the Zeta potential of the effluent was lower than that of the water, and in and out of water. The lower the potential difference, the lower the.Zeta potential, which indicates that the flocculation effect of activated sludge is good. This conclusion has been proved in the determination of the size of the sludge. With the increase of the concentration of Fe~ (2+), the granular sludge D50 under the corresponding conditions is also gradually increased.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703
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