【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟發(fā)展帶來一系列生態(tài)破壞問題,對地區(qū)環(huán)境承載力提出了挑戰(zhàn),片面的追求經(jīng)濟高速增長的傳統(tǒng)模式己不再適應當今和未來發(fā)展需求,因此有很強烈的必要在環(huán)境承載力范圍內(nèi)使得人口、經(jīng)濟和資源與環(huán)境相互協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。泉州市作為高度依賴工業(yè)發(fā)展的城市,其能源消耗、資源消費是否是在環(huán)境承載力范圍內(nèi)值得引起關(guān)注和研究。本文主要利用福建省泉州市從2005年到2014年生物資源、水資源和能源資源等數(shù)據(jù),從而計算三種足跡指標,包括生態(tài)足跡、水足跡和碳足跡,還有三種承載力指標,包括生態(tài)承載力、水承載力和碳承載力,根據(jù)不同土地的足跡指數(shù)和承載力指數(shù)做相應的結(jié)構(gòu)對比和描述性統(tǒng)計分析。分別從生態(tài)盈虧、水資源盈虧和凈碳足跡三種指標評價泉州市的環(huán)境承載力和動態(tài)變化。最后設計三種指標的權(quán)重系數(shù),分析綜合足跡和綜合承載力的現(xiàn)狀和變動趨勢,利用綜合足跡和綜合承載力的差值評價泉州市總體環(huán)境承載力和可持續(xù)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀。得出以下結(jié)論:從生態(tài)環(huán)境角度來看,泉州市生態(tài)環(huán)境承載力以生態(tài)赤字為主,生態(tài)赤字從2005年的1.51hm2/cap到2014年下降到1.39hm2/cap,有逐漸改善的趨勢;從水環(huán)境角度來看,泉州市十年間都是水資源生態(tài)盈余狀態(tài),多年平均值是水資源盈余0.15hm2/cap,城市內(nèi)水資源承載力基本可以滿足當?shù)夭煌a(chǎn)品用水消費需求,但有逐漸惡化的趨勢,2005-2014年間從水資源盈余0.81hm2/cap到水資源赤字0.85hm2/cap,生態(tài)盈余變動趨勢逐漸減小;從碳資源環(huán)境角度來看,泉州市能源碳環(huán)境主要是碳承載力盈余狀態(tài),碳承載力基本能夠保證當?shù)啬茉聪M產(chǎn)生的碳排放,但2005-2014年間凈碳足跡從-0.81hm2/cap到0.85hm2/cap,發(fā)展前景不好,凈碳足跡逐漸增加;綜合以上三種指標數(shù)據(jù)來看,泉州市綜合足跡逐漸增加,綜合承載力逐漸減少,綜合指數(shù)從2005年的-0.24上升到2014年的0.76,2010年之后都是生態(tài)赤字狀態(tài),整體從生態(tài)盈余往生態(tài)赤字發(fā)展,環(huán)境承載力逐漸無法負荷和滿足當?shù)厣锷a(chǎn)消費、水資源消費和碳排放帶來的綜合足跡。就以上現(xiàn)狀和變動趨勢,提出了增加泉州市環(huán)境承載力和減少各項足跡指標的相關(guān)建議和對策,為日后政府及相關(guān)部門制定政策與規(guī)劃提供科學、合理的依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With a series of ecological destruction problems brought by economic development, regional environmental carrying capacity is challenged. The traditional mode of one-sided pursuit of rapid economic growth is no longer suitable for current and future development needs. Therefore, it is necessary to coordinate the development of population, economy and resources with the environment within the range of environmental carrying capacity. Quanzhou is highly dependent on industrial development, its energy consumption and resource consumption are worthy of attention and research within the scope of environmental carrying capacity. This paper mainly uses the data of biological resources, water resources and energy resources from 2005 to 2014 in Quanzhou, Fujian Province, so as to calculate three kinds of footprint indicators, including ecological footprint, water footprint and carbon footprint, as well as three carrying capacity indicators. It includes ecological carrying capacity, water carrying capacity and carbon carrying capacity. According to the footprint index and carrying capacity index of different land, the corresponding structure comparison and descriptive statistical analysis are made. The environmental carrying capacity and dynamic change of Quanzhou were evaluated from three indexes: ecological profit and loss, water resources profit and loss and net carbon footprint. Finally, the weight coefficients of three indexes are designed, and the current situation and trend of comprehensive footprint and comprehensive bearing capacity are analyzed. The difference between comprehensive footprint and comprehensive bearing capacity is used to evaluate the overall environmental carrying capacity and sustainable development status of Quanzhou City. The following conclusions are drawn: from the ecological environment point of view, the ecological environmental carrying capacity of Quanzhou City is mainly ecological deficit, the ecological deficit decreased from 2005 to 2014 to 1.39 hm2 / cap. there is a trend of gradual improvement; from the point of view of water environment, Quanzhou has been in a state of ecological surplus of water resources for ten years. The annual average value is 0.15hm2 / cap. the carrying capacity of water resources in the city can basically meet the demand for water consumption of different products in the city. However, there is a tendency of deterioration from water surplus 0.81hm2/cap to water resources deficit of 0.85hm2 / cap.From the perspective of carbon resources and environment, the energy carbon environment in Quanzhou City is mainly a surplus state of carbon carrying capacity. Carbon carrying capacity can basically guarantee the carbon emissions generated by local energy consumption, but between 2005 and 2014, the net carbon footprint from -0.81hm2pcap to 0.85hm2capcap. the development prospects are not good, the net carbon footprint is gradually increasing. In the light of the above three index data, the comprehensive footprint of Quanzhou City is gradually increasing. The comprehensive carrying capacity gradually decreased, the composite index increased from -0.24 in 2005 to 0.76 in 2014. After 2010, the overall ecological deficit state, the overall development from ecological surplus to ecological deficit, the environmental carrying capacity gradually unable to load and meet the local biological production and consumption. The integrated footprint of water consumption and carbon emissions. On the basis of the present situation and the changing trend, the paper puts forward some suggestions and countermeasures to increase the environmental carrying capacity and reduce the footprint index of Quanzhou City, which provides a scientific and reasonable basis for the government and related departments to formulate policies and plans in the future.
【學位授予單位】：福建農(nóng)林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X24

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