【摘要】：內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)稀土儲(chǔ)量巨大,開(kāi)采過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生了大量稀土尾礦。稀土尾礦資源化利用關(guān)系到內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)的生態(tài)友好型和資源節(jié)約型社會(huì)的建設(shè),因此為稀土尾礦開(kāi)發(fā)適宜的資源化利用方法成為目前亟待解決的問(wèn)題。本文利用建筑垃圾和稀土尾礦燒制陶粒,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行沸石化處理,再進(jìn)一步對(duì)其進(jìn)行負(fù)載,目的在于:改善建筑垃圾和稀土尾礦帶來(lái)的環(huán)境問(wèn)題;開(kāi)發(fā)以建筑垃圾和稀土尾礦為主要材料的高效吸附材料。主要研究如下:(1)添加稀土尾礦可顯著降低建筑垃圾陶粒的燒結(jié)溫度,此效果在尾礦加入量1/10前較明顯,當(dāng)尾礦加入量超過(guò)1/5后,燒結(jié)溫度不再有明顯的降低;結(jié)合當(dāng)前的環(huán)境需求和資源化回收利用政策,建筑垃圾和稀土尾礦是制備陶粒很有潛力的原料。(2)對(duì)陶粒燒制過(guò)程中原料配比的優(yōu)化以稀土尾礦摻量以1/10為優(yōu),此時(shí)對(duì)燒結(jié)溫度的優(yōu)化為1140℃。因?yàn)橄⊥廖驳V中富含鐵氧化物,在燒結(jié)過(guò)程中可產(chǎn)生氣體,一方面可以促進(jìn)多孔結(jié)構(gòu)的形成,另一方面當(dāng)尾礦加入量過(guò)高時(shí),容易導(dǎo)致空心、開(kāi)裂等現(xiàn)象。(3)影響水熱產(chǎn)物的主要因素有稀土尾礦摻入量、水熱溫度、NaOH濃度和水熱時(shí)間。稀土尾礦的摻入量越高越不利于合成沸石結(jié)構(gòu)。在反應(yīng)溫度180℃、NaOH溶液濃度為4mol/L,反應(yīng)時(shí)間為10h下生成穩(wěn)定相八面沸石。硅鈣石和P型沸石是堿水熱反應(yīng)的中間產(chǎn)物。經(jīng)過(guò)沸石化處理的陶粒比表面積從1.03 m2/g增加到 32.56 m2/g。(4)沸石化陶粒具有較大的比表面積,對(duì)重金屬鉛廢水具有良好的去除效果。吸附等溫線符合langmuir等溫模型(R2為0.989),吸附時(shí)間為4 h基本達(dá)到吸附平衡,初始濃度高于200 mg/L吸附量穩(wěn)定,最大吸附量可達(dá)95.2381 mg/g。(5)沸石化陶粒由于負(fù)載了稀土元素,對(duì)陰離子磷酸根也能起到一定去除效果,吸附等溫線符合langmuir.等溫模型(R2為0.989),吸附時(shí)間為6h基本達(dá)到吸附平衡,初始濃度高于60 mg/L吸附量穩(wěn)定,最大吸附量達(dá)8.5470 mg/g。
[Abstract]:The rare earth reserves in Inner Mongolia Autonomous region are huge, and a large number of rare earth tailings are produced in the process of mining. High efficient adsorption materials with construction waste and rare earth tailings as main materials are developed. The main results are as follows: (1) addition of rare earth tailings can significantly reduce the sintering temperature of construction refuse ceramsite, and this effect is obvious before 1 / 10 of tailings addition. When the tailings content exceeds 1 / 5, the sintering temperature will not be significantly reduced; In combination with the current environmental demand and recycling policy, construction waste and rare earth tailings are potential raw materials for the preparation of ceramsite. (2) the ratio of raw materials in the sintering process of ceramsite is optimized by 1 / 10 of rare earth tailings. The optimum sintering temperature is 1140 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2126144