【摘要】：在快速城市化的背景下,空氣污染問題成為了城市經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展的重要阻礙,在城市規(guī)劃階段對環(huán)境保護缺乏重視是問題產(chǎn)生的重要原因之一。以北京市為例,城市規(guī)劃從幾個方面直接和間接影響了環(huán)境空氣質(zhì)量:一是定位問題,城市定位多次調(diào)整不利于可持續(xù)發(fā)展;二是執(zhí)行問題,規(guī)劃執(zhí)行不力使得城市綠化隔離帶被蠶食殆盡;三是壓力問題,中心區(qū)人口、資源過度集中造成巨大環(huán)境壓力;四是能力問題,區(qū)縣新建城區(qū)綜合服務(wù)能力不足導致潮汐式交通;五是布局問題,區(qū)域空間布局設(shè)計對環(huán)境保護問題考慮不充分。因此需要從規(guī)劃層面充分考慮各類環(huán)境要素的環(huán)保需求,從根本上保護環(huán)境和防治污染。建議第一要提升環(huán)境規(guī)劃的地位,實現(xiàn)"多規(guī)合一";第二找準城市發(fā)展定位,體現(xiàn)科學性和可持續(xù)發(fā)展性;第三加強規(guī)劃的約束力和執(zhí)行力,通過嚴格執(zhí)法和監(jiān)督充分保障規(guī)劃的權(quán)威性;第四要疏解核心區(qū)非首都功能,做到嚴控增量、疏解存量、疏堵結(jié)合;第五要提高外圍區(qū)域建設(shè)水平,全面改善公共服務(wù)和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施;第六要進一步優(yōu)化城市空間布局,以實現(xiàn)全面提升北京市環(huán)境空氣質(zhì)量目標。
[Abstract]:Under the background of rapid urbanization, air pollution has become an important obstacle to the development of urban economy and society. The lack of attention to environmental protection in urban planning is one of the important reasons for the problem. Taking Beijing as an example, urban planning has directly and indirectly affected the quality of ambient air in several aspects: first, the problem of positioning, which is not conducive to sustainable development; and second, the issue of implementation. The poor implementation of the plan has made the urban greening isolation zone eroded; third, the problem of pressure, the excessive concentration of population and resources in the central district has caused great environmental pressure; and fourth, the problem of capacity. The lack of comprehensive service capacity in newly built urban areas of districts and counties leads to tidal traffic; fifthly, the layout problem, the regional spatial layout design does not fully consider the environmental protection problem. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the environmental protection needs of all kinds of environmental factors from the planning level, and to protect the environment and prevent pollution fundamentally. The recommendations are: first, to enhance the status of environmental planning, and to realize the "integration of multiple planning"; second, to find the right positioning for urban development to reflect scientific and sustainable development; and third, to strengthen the binding force and implementation of the plan. Through strict law enforcement and supervision, the authority of the planning should be fully safeguarded; fourth, the functions of the non-capital region of the core area should be dispelled, so that the increment of the core area should be strictly controlled, the amount of storage should be eased, and the combination of dispersal and blockage should be achieved. Improve public services and infrastructure in an all-round way; sixth, further optimize the urban spatial layout in order to achieve the goal of comprehensively improving the ambient air quality in Beijing.
【作者單位】： 中國環(huán)境監(jiān)測總站國家環(huán)境保護環(huán)境監(jiān)測質(zhì)量控制重點實驗室;
【基金】：林業(yè)公益性行業(yè)科研項目(201304301)資助
【分類號】：X51

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本文編號：2119524