本文選題：污染場地 + 典型污染物��； 參考：《濟南大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著中國經濟發(fā)展和城鎮(zhèn)化進程的加快,城市中的土地性質的變更愈發(fā)頻繁,許多城市的發(fā)展規(guī)劃要求原城區(qū)中的工廠和企業(yè)遷入工業(yè)集中區(qū),而原有工業(yè)用地逐步被規(guī)劃開發(fā)為住宅或公共建設用地。工業(yè)企業(yè)生產過程中遺留的污染物可能對場地土壤、地下水等造成影響,危害人體健康。鑒于此情,為保障工業(yè)企業(yè)污染場地再利用安全,須對污染場地進行污染調查和風險評估。本文研究區(qū)域為原氯堿廠污染場地,擬改造為住宅用地,原氯堿廠主要采用電石法工藝生產聚氯乙烯。為保證土壤質量滿足未來用地要求,保障敏感人群健康,本論文根據《展覽會用地土壤環(huán)境質量評價標準(暫行)》、《場地土壤環(huán)境風險評價篩選值》、《地下水質量標準》等相關標準以及《污染場地風險評估技術導則》的技術要求,對研究場地開展環(huán)境現狀調查,對污染場地土壤和地下水中典型污染物的濃度水平、空間分布特征、污染來源進行了研究,并開展了基于人體健康的風險評價,提出場地修復的建議目標值,以期為后續(xù)的場地修復、管理提供技術支持。主要研究成果如下:(1)研究場地土壤中超標污染物有鎳、汞、銅、苯、三氯甲烷,其中汞、苯、三氯甲烷污染物超標相對嚴重,最大超標倍數分別為23.8倍、5.05倍、37.3倍;地下水中超標污染物有鐵、氯化物、揮發(fā)酚類(以苯酚計),最大超標倍數分別為3.15倍、11.6倍、35.4倍。(2)研究場地土壤中污染物的分布存在典型的空間差異,與原廠區(qū)原料貯藏、生產活動過程、生產區(qū)域等高度相關,污染物濃度隨土壤采樣深度的增加呈整體降低趨勢,個別采樣點出現一定跳躍,與局部土層擾動有關;場地地下水中污染物的超標現象主要與原廠區(qū)鹵水接收廠及生產活動污水排放有關,且由于污染物隨地下水徑流的主流遷移,位于地下水徑流下游的監(jiān)測井污染物超標相對較重。(3)場地健康風險評價結果表明,土壤中污染物苯、三氯甲烷的致癌風險超出可接受致癌風險水平(致癌風險范圍分別為2.22×10-8~4.80×10-5和2.10×10-7~7.91×10-5),汞、苯污染物的危害指數超出可接受非致癌危害商(總危害指數范圍分別為1.11×10~(-1)~7.57×100和3.66×10-3~3.89×100),需要進行土壤修復;場地地下水中污染物經三種地下水暴露途徑的危害指數未超出可接受非致癌危害商,不存在非致癌風險,不會危害人體健康,但鑒于監(jiān)測井中部分污染物未達到地下水Ⅱ類水質標準,不宜作為飲用水源。(4)對超出可接受風險水平,可能對人體健康產生危害的汞、苯、三氯甲烷污染物,計算基于致癌效應和非致癌效應的土壤風險控制值,并結合《場地土壤環(huán)境風險評價篩選值》中住宅用地的標準限值,確定基于健康風險的土壤修復建議目標值為:汞:2.41mg.kg~(-1),苯:0.02mg.kg~(-1),三氯甲烷:0.035mg.kg~(-1)。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of China's economic development and urbanization, the changes in the nature of land in cities become more and more frequent. The development plans of many cities require factories and enterprises in the original urban areas to move to industrial concentration areas. And the original industrial land is gradually planned for residential or public construction land. The pollutants left over in the production process of industrial enterprises may affect the soil and groundwater of the site and endanger human health. In view of this situation, pollution investigation and risk assessment should be carried out to ensure the reuse safety of contaminated sites in industrial enterprises. In this paper, the original chlor-alkali plant pollution site, to be transformed into residential land, the original chlor-alkali plant mainly uses calcium carbide process to produce PVC. In order to ensure the quality of soil to meet the future land requirements and protect the health of sensitive people, In this paper, according to the relevant standards such as the Evaluation Standard of soil Environmental quality of Exhibition Land (temporary) >, the screening value of site soil Environmental risk Assessment, the Standard of groundwater quality, and the technical requirements of Technical guidelines on risk Assessment of polluted sites, etc. The environmental status of the study site was investigated, the concentration level, spatial distribution characteristics, pollution sources of typical pollutants in contaminated soil and groundwater were studied, and the risk assessment based on human health was carried out. The suggested target value of site restoration is put forward in order to provide technical support for subsequent site restoration and management. The main research results are as follows: (1) the pollutants in the soil of the study site are nickel, mercury, copper, benzene, trichloromethane, among which mercury, benzene and trichloromethane are relatively serious, the maximum excess multiple is 23.8 times, 5.05 times and 37.3 times respectively; The pollutants in groundwater are iron, chloride, volatile phenols (based on phenol), and the maximum surpassing times are 3.15 times, 11.6 times and 35.4 times respectively. (2) there are typical spatial differences in the distribution of pollutants in the soil of the site, which are stored with raw materials in the original plant area. The concentration of pollutants decreased with the increase of soil sampling depth, and a certain jump appeared in individual sampling points, which was related to the disturbance of local soil layer. The phenomenon of exceeding the standard of pollutants in ground water is mainly related to the discharge of wastewater from brine receiving plants and production activities, and the pollutants migrate with the main stream of groundwater runoff. The pollutants in monitoring wells located downstream of groundwater runoff are relatively heavy. (3) the results of site health risk assessment show that benzene is a pollutant in soil. The carcinogenic risk of trichloromethane exceeds the acceptable level of carcinogenic risk (2.22 脳 10 ~ (-8) 4.80 脳 10 ~ (-5) and 2.10 脳 10 ~ (-7) 渭 m 7.91 脳 10 ~ (-5), mercury, The hazard index of benzene pollutants exceeds the acceptable non-carcinogenic hazard quotient (the total hazard index ranges from 1.11 脳 10 ~ (-1) to 7.57 脳 100 and 3.66 脳 10 ~ (-3) C ~ (3.89 脳 100) respectively) and requires soil remediation. The hazard index of pollutants in ground water by three ways of groundwater exposure does not exceed the acceptable non-carcinogenic hazard quotient, and there is no non-carcinogenic risk and will not endanger human health. However, in view of the fact that some of the pollutants in the monitoring wells do not meet the water quality standards of groundwater class II and are not suitable for drinking water. (4) pollutants of mercury, benzene and trichloromethane, which are above acceptable risk levels and may cause harm to human health, The soil risk control value based on carcinogenic effect and non-carcinogenic effect was calculated, and the standard limit value of residential land was combined with the screening value of site soil environmental risk evaluation. The recommended target values for soil remediation based on health risk were: Mercury: 2.41 mg 路kg-1, benzene: 0.02 mg 路kg-1, trichloromethane: 0.035 mg 路kg-1.
【學位授予單位】：濟南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X781.2

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