本文選題：化學(xué)需氧量 + 海岸帶水體　； 參考：《中國科學(xué)院煙臺海岸帶研究所》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：化學(xué)需氧量(COD)是水體中可被氧化的還原性物質(zhì)的量,用來指示水體的污染程度,是水質(zhì)監(jiān)測和評價中最常用的指標(biāo)之一。在我國,河流的化學(xué)需氧量測定主要采用重鉻酸鹽法,而海洋則多采用高錳酸鉀法。河口海岸帶是海洋與大陸之間的過渡地帶,人類活動十分密集。隨著工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的快速發(fā)展,河口海岸帶水體污染日益嚴(yán)重,而其COD的測定目前仍沒有一個統(tǒng)一的方法。因此,對受污染嚴(yán)重的河口海岸帶COD測定方法的研究將有助于準(zhǔn)確反映該區(qū)域水體的污染程度,評價水體水質(zhì),在水體污染治理方面有重要意義。本論文首先對溴離子和鹽度對COD測定的影響進行了研究,然后選取煙臺市三條入海河流,研究不同COD測定方法的差異,從中找出現(xiàn)行監(jiān)測方法中存在的問題。主要結(jié)論如下:(1)溴離子對COD_(Cr)、酸性CODMn測定有明顯的影響,對堿性CODMn測定的影響不明顯。在COD真實值一定時,溴離子與COD_(Cr)、酸性CODMn測量值分別呈良好的線性關(guān)系,而與堿性CODMn測量值之間幾乎無線性關(guān)系。在COD_(Cr)真實值一定時,溴離子濃度越小,單位質(zhì)量的Br-對COD_(Cr)的貢獻越大。酸性CODMn真實值基本不影響單位質(zhì)量的Br-對酸性CODMn的貢獻。(2)COD_(Cr)真實值可以根據(jù)測定的Br-濃度、COD_(Cr)測量值計算得到,但水樣中的溴離子濃度超過800 mg/L時,應(yīng)先稀釋后測定。雖然堿性CODMn受Br-濃度的影響較小,但是不能通過堿性CODMn、Br-濃度測量值計算得到堿性CODMn真實值。(3)鹽度對于COD_(Cr)和酸性CODMn測定的影響明顯高于對堿性CODMn測定的影響。(4)研究表明以地理位置作為選擇COD測定方法的依據(jù)是不合理的,應(yīng)該以鹽度為5 PSU作為COD測定方法選擇的依據(jù)。(5)對于海岸帶地區(qū)的水體采用傳統(tǒng)的經(jīng)驗方法即以COD_(Cr)值來估算CODMn值是不可取的。雖然它們之間可能有一定的線性關(guān)系,但估算出來的數(shù)值并不能真實反應(yīng)水體的污染情況。
[Abstract]:Chemical oxygen demand (COD) is the amount of redoable and redoable substances in water, which is used to indicate the degree of water pollution, and is one of the most commonly used indexes in water quality monitoring and evaluation. In China, the chemical oxygen demand of rivers is mainly determined by dichromate method, while in the ocean potassium permanganate method is used. Estuarine and coastal zone is a transitional zone between ocean and continent, and human activities are very dense. With the rapid development of industrial and agricultural production, the water pollution in estuarine and coastal zone is becoming more and more serious. However, there is still no uniform method to determine COD in estuarine and coastal zone. Therefore, the study of COD determination method in the seriously polluted estuarine and coastal zone will be helpful to accurately reflect the pollution degree of the water body in this area and evaluate the water quality, which is of great significance in the treatment of water pollution. In this paper, the influence of bromine ion and salinity on COD determination was studied, then three rivers in Yantai city were selected to study the differences of COD determination methods, and to find out the existing problems in the current monitoring methods. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Bromine ions have obvious influence on the determination of COD _ (Cr) and acid COD _ (mn), but not on the determination of basic COD _ (mn). When COD is true, there is a good linear relationship between bromine ion and COD _ (Cr) and acid COD _ (mn), but there is almost no linear relationship between bromine ion and alkaline COD _ (mn). When the true value of COD _ (Cr) is constant, the smaller the concentration of bromine ion, the greater the contribution of Br- to COD _ (Cr). (2) the true value of COD _ (Cr) can be calculated according to the measured value of Br-concentration and COD _ (Cr), but when the concentration of bromine ion in water exceeds 800 mg / L, it should be diluted first and then determined. Although alkaline CODMn is less affected by Br-concentration, However, the true value of alkaline COD mn can not be obtained by calculating the Br-concentration of alkaline COD DMn. (3) the effect of salinity on the determination of COD _ (Cr) and acid COD _ (mn) is obviously higher than that on the determination of basic COD _ (mn). (4) the study shows that geographical location is the choice for COD determination. The basis of the law is unreasonable. The salinity of 5PSU should be used as the basis for the determination of COD. (5) it is not advisable to use the traditional empirical method to estimate COD _ (Cr) in coastal waters. Although there may be a linear relationship between them, the estimated values do not reflect the pollution of the water.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)院煙臺海岸帶研究所
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：X832

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