本文選題：機(jī)場(chǎng) + 航空器發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)排放　； 參考：《中國(guó)民航大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：航空器發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)排放是民用機(jī)場(chǎng)大氣污染物的主要來(lái)源之一,航空器排放對(duì)機(jī)場(chǎng)及其周圍大氣環(huán)境質(zhì)量有重要影響。我國(guó)在航空器排放大氣影響方面的研究剛剛起步,開(kāi)展有關(guān)工作對(duì)改善機(jī)場(chǎng)大氣質(zhì)量,完善機(jī)場(chǎng)環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)內(nèi)容、方法和促進(jìn)機(jī)場(chǎng)綠色發(fā)展均有重要意義。論文系統(tǒng)分析了航空器排放污染物的類型及生成機(jī)理。根據(jù)航空器發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn),對(duì)減少排放的各種原理性措施進(jìn)行了分析和歸納。在對(duì)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)排放特性和排放結(jié)果影響因素分析的基礎(chǔ)上,建立了航空器排放量的修正計(jì)算模型。借助該模型和專用計(jì)算工具,可對(duì)機(jī)場(chǎng)所有航空器任意時(shí)段內(nèi)的排放總量進(jìn)行估算。通過(guò)對(duì)大氣環(huán)境運(yùn)動(dòng)特點(diǎn)及稀釋原理的分析,確定了航空器排放污染物在機(jī)場(chǎng)大氣作用下的擴(kuò)散影響因素,建立了污染物的機(jī)場(chǎng)大氣擴(kuò)散點(diǎn)、線源擴(kuò)散模型及年均擴(kuò)散預(yù)測(cè)模型,應(yīng)用上述模型可計(jì)算出污染物在預(yù)測(cè)時(shí)段內(nèi)的擴(kuò)散空間范圍和濃度三維分布。通過(guò)調(diào)整航空器類型、滑行時(shí)間、運(yùn)行時(shí)段等影響因子,應(yīng)用實(shí)際計(jì)算結(jié)果的對(duì)比分析確定了可控因子。針對(duì)目前我國(guó)在機(jī)場(chǎng)大氣環(huán)境評(píng)價(jià)基本處于空白狀態(tài)的問(wèn)題,論文建立了機(jī)場(chǎng)大氣評(píng)價(jià)基本流程、確定了航空器排放量及濃度評(píng)價(jià)因子及評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),提出了機(jī)場(chǎng)規(guī)劃及機(jī)場(chǎng)運(yùn)行中消減航空器污染物影響的多種措施。
[Abstract]:Aircraft engine emissions are one of the main sources of air pollutants in civil airports. Aircraft emissions have an important impact on the quality of the air environment in and around the airport. The research on the atmospheric impact of aircraft emissions in China has just started. It is of great significance to improve the air quality of the airport, to improve the content of the airport environmental impact assessment, to improve the method and to promote the green development of the airport. In this paper, the types of pollutants emitted from aircraft and the formation mechanism are systematically analyzed. According to the emission standard of aircraft engine, this paper analyzes and summarizes various kinds of principle measures to reduce emission. Based on the analysis of the engine emission characteristics and the factors affecting the emission results, a modified calculation model of aircraft emissions is established. With the help of the model and special calculation tools, the total emission of all aircraft in the airport can be estimated at any time. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of atmospheric environmental movement and dilution principle, the factors affecting the diffusion of pollutants emitted from aircraft under the influence of the airport atmosphere are determined, and the airport atmospheric diffusion point of the pollutants is established. The linear source diffusion model and the annual diffusion prediction model can be used to calculate the spatial range and concentration distribution of pollutants in the predicted period. By adjusting the influence factors of aircraft type, gliding time and running period, the controllable factors are determined by comparing and analyzing the actual calculation results. In order to solve the problem that the air environment assessment of the airport is basically blank in our country at present, the paper establishes the basic process of the airport atmosphere evaluation, and determines the evaluation factors and evaluation criteria of the aircraft emissions and concentration. Several measures are put forward to reduce the impact of aircraft pollutants in airport planning and airport operation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)民航大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：V351;X738

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