本文選題：粉煤灰 + 螯合吸附��； 參考：《西安科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國工業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展,重金屬廢水的污染問題較為嚴(yán)峻。目前比較常用的重金屬離子處置的方法有吸附法、化學(xué)沉淀法等。本文以粉煤灰、硫脲、戊二醛等為原料制備出一種新型的粉煤灰螯合復(fù)合材料。粉煤灰作為一種廢棄物,廉價易得,因此該螯合復(fù)合材料的制備具有一定的環(huán)保價值和經(jīng)濟價值。由于粉煤灰粒度較小,因此不用進行預(yù)處理,可直接通過KH550對其表面改性并將硫脲接枝到粉煤灰表面,然后加入交聯(lián)劑使其交聯(lián)成型為吸附性能較好且具有一定強度的螯合復(fù)合材料。在接枝階段,本文主要探究了偶聯(lián)劑和螯合劑的種類及用量對最終的螯合復(fù)合材料吸附性能的影響;在交聯(lián)的階段,我們主要研究的因素有交聯(lián)劑種類及用量;在整個反應(yīng)的過程中我們探究的主要條件為反應(yīng)的溫度。最終通過螯合復(fù)合材料對Ni2+的吸附量來確定出終產(chǎn)物的最佳合成條件。用最佳條件下制備的螯合復(fù)合材料分別對重金屬離子Ni2+、Cr6+進行吸附實驗,并繪制吸附動力學(xué)和熱力學(xué)曲線。結(jié)果表明:實驗中偶聯(lián)劑選用KH550時,終產(chǎn)物對Ni2+的吸附效果較好,其最佳的用量為0.3g;接枝螯合劑選取硫脲時,終產(chǎn)物對Ni2+的吸附效果較好,其最佳的用量為0.1g;交聯(lián)劑選用戊二醛時,終產(chǎn)物的機械強度和吸附量都明顯強于環(huán)氧氯丙烷;實驗過程反應(yīng)的最佳溫度為313K。在最佳反應(yīng)條件下,螯合復(fù)合材料對Ni2+、Cr6+的吸附量分別為38.76 mg/g,15.27mg/g,且其對重金屬離子的吸附性能更加符合Lagergren二級反應(yīng)吸附動力學(xué)方程及Freundlich的等溫模型。通過SEM、XRD、FTIR、BET等手段對產(chǎn)物進行表征,掃描電鏡結(jié)果表明,終產(chǎn)物與粉煤灰相比,形成了明顯的網(wǎng)狀大分子結(jié)構(gòu),因此其具有一定的機械強度,同時孔隙也較多,可保證其良好的吸附效果;紅外結(jié)果表明硫脲被成功地接枝在了粉煤灰上,且戊二醛對其交聯(lián)效果良好。通過BET分析可知,不同產(chǎn)物之間比表面積及孔容的變化說明了粉煤灰螯合復(fù)合材料對重金屬離子不僅發(fā)生了吸附作用,而且發(fā)生了一定的螯合作用,實現(xiàn)了將粉煤灰的多孔結(jié)構(gòu)與螯合劑硫脲對重金屬離子螯合作用相結(jié)合的初衷。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of industry in China, the pollution of heavy metal wastewater is more serious. At present, the commonly used methods of heavy metal ion disposal are adsorption method, chemical precipitation method and so on. In this paper, a new type of fly ash chelating composite was prepared by using fly ash, thiourea and glutaraldehyde as raw materials. As a kind of waste, fly ash is cheap and easy to obtain, so the preparation of the chelate composite has certain environmental and economic value. Because the particle size of fly ash is small, the surface of fly ash can be modified directly by KH550 without pretreatment, and thiourea can be grafted onto the surface of fly ash. Then the crosslinking agent was added to form the chelating composite with good adsorption property and certain strength. In the stage of grafting, the effects of the types and contents of coupling agents and chelating agents on the adsorption properties of the final chelating composites were investigated, while in the crosslinking stage, the main factors studied were the kinds and amounts of crosslinking agents. The main condition we explore throughout the reaction is the temperature of the reaction. Finally, the optimum synthesis conditions of the final product were determined by the adsorption amount of Ni _ 2 on the chelating composite. The adsorption experiments of heavy metal ion Ni2 + Cr6 were carried out by chelating composites prepared under the optimum conditions, and the adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic curves were plotted. The results showed that when the coupling agent KH550 was used, the adsorption effect of Ni2 on the final product was better, and the optimum dosage was 0.3 g, and when the grafting chelating agent was selected, the adsorption effect of the final product on Ni2 was better. When glutaraldehyde was used as crosslinking agent, the mechanical strength and adsorption capacity of the final product were obviously stronger than that of epichlorohydrin, and the optimum reaction temperature was 313K. Under the optimum reaction conditions, the adsorption capacity of Ni _ 2 / C _ (6) was 38.76 mg / g / g and 15.27 mg / g, respectively, and its adsorption performance for heavy metal ions was more in accordance with Lagergren second-order reaction adsorption kinetic equation and Freundlich's isothermal model. The products were characterized by means of SEMS-XRDX FTIRI-BET. The SEM results showed that the final product formed an obvious reticular macromolecule structure compared with fly ash, so it had a certain mechanical strength and a large number of pores. The IR results showed that thiourea was successfully grafted on fly ash and glutaraldehyde had good crosslinking effect. According to BET analysis, the change of specific surface area and pore volume between different products indicates that fly ash chelate composite not only adsorbs heavy metal ions, but also chelates them to a certain extent. The original intention of combining the porous structure of fly ash with chelating agent thiourea on heavy metal ion chelation was realized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB332;X703

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