本文選題：廢線路板 + 高壓電脈沖��； 參考：《中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著電子信息產(chǎn)業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展,廢棄線路板已經(jīng)成為了世界范圍內(nèi)高速增長(zhǎng)的固體垃圾。據(jù)估計(jì)只有15-20%的電子垃圾經(jīng)歷了回收利用,對(duì)線路板進(jìn)行資源化回收具有重大意義。破碎是廢棄電路板資源化處理技術(shù)的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié),有效地破碎解離直接決定著后續(xù)分選作業(yè)的效率、金屬的品位和回收率。本文對(duì)廢棄線路板進(jìn)行高壓電脈沖放電破碎,驗(yàn)證了高壓電對(duì)樣品的層間剝離效果。提出利用稱量顆粒質(zhì)量的方法表征廢棄線路板解離情況,定義了顆粒相對(duì)質(zhì)量ωi和顆粒數(shù)比值ηi的概念。根據(jù)對(duì)高壓電脈沖破碎和機(jī)械破碎產(chǎn)物顆粒質(zhì)量的統(tǒng)計(jì),表明顆粒相對(duì)質(zhì)量級(jí)為10%-0%時(shí),高壓電脈沖破碎顆粒含量為84.84%,機(jī)械破碎顆粒含量為8.84%,說明高壓電脈沖破碎解離效果優(yōu)于機(jī)械破碎。利用抗彎強(qiáng)度測(cè)試驗(yàn)證高壓電脈沖對(duì)相界面的選擇性破碎效果,發(fā)現(xiàn)放電后環(huán)玻布板—環(huán)玻布板界面抗彎強(qiáng)度降低71.52MPa,銅—環(huán)玻布板界面抗彎強(qiáng)度降低93.76MPa,說明高壓電脈沖對(duì)相界面的破碎效果更強(qiáng)。以-13mm產(chǎn)率和-50+13mm銅剝離率為指標(biāo),研究電壓、脈沖數(shù)、頻率、間距和入料方式對(duì)破碎效果的影響:破碎效果對(duì)電壓、脈沖數(shù)和入料方式的變化響應(yīng)較大,對(duì)間距的響應(yīng)稍弱,對(duì)頻率不響應(yīng)。對(duì)破碎儀工作原理進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)合能耗試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)提出放電能耗方程W=nk1k2CU2。對(duì)能耗—破碎效果曲線進(jìn)行分析,得到能耗與破碎效果呈正相關(guān),超過一定的范圍后,增加能量輸入對(duì)破碎效果的提升開始下降這一結(jié)論。根據(jù)能耗方程,設(shè)計(jì)電壓、脈沖數(shù)顯著性試驗(yàn):同等能量輸入下改變電壓和脈沖數(shù),產(chǎn)物的銅剝離率均為90%,-13mm產(chǎn)率由24.42%提升至49.37%,說明提高電壓比增加脈沖數(shù)對(duì)破碎效果的提升更顯著。對(duì)固液環(huán)境放電體系進(jìn)行理論推導(dǎo),證明脈沖放電在固體樣品中進(jìn)行。利用能帶理論解釋電擊穿過程,分析了雪崩電流的形成機(jī)制,解釋了高壓電脈沖對(duì)銅—環(huán)玻布板相界面處進(jìn)行層間剝離的原理。結(jié)合SEM和EPMA對(duì)產(chǎn)物形貌分析,證明導(dǎo)電通道的形成和擴(kuò)張是高壓電破碎的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié),歸納出高壓電脈沖對(duì)線路板的破碎過程的四個(gè)階段:銅箔提供電子、電子聚集在相界面;電子貫穿勢(shì)壘、擊穿于相界面處率先發(fā)生;導(dǎo)電通道沿界面以電樹枝形式生長(zhǎng);裂縫相互連接得到破碎顆粒。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of electronic information industry, the waste circuit board has become a high-speed solid waste in the world. It is estimated that only 15-20% of electronic waste has been recycled, so recycling of circuit boards is of great significance. Crushing is the key link of waste circuit board resource treatment technology. Effective crushing and dissociation directly determine the efficiency of subsequent sorting operation, metal grade and recovery rate. In this paper, the high voltage electric pulse discharge breakage of the waste circuit board is carried out, which verifies the effect of the high voltage on the interlaminar stripping of the sample. The method of weighing particle mass is proposed to characterize the dissociation of waste circuit board, and the concepts of particle relative mass 蠅 I and particle number ratio 畏 I are defined. According to the statistics of the particle quality of the products of high voltage electrical pulse crushing and mechanical crushing, it is shown that when the relative mass level of the particles is 10% to 0%, The particle content of high voltage electric pulse crushing is 84.84 and the content of mechanical broken particle is 8.84, which indicates that the dissociation effect of high voltage electric pulse crushing is better than that of mechanical crushing. The selective crushing effect of high voltage electric pulse on phase interface was verified by bending strength test. It is found that the bending strength of the interface between the ring glass cloth plate and the ring glass cloth plate is reduced by 71.52 MPa after discharge, and the bending strength of the copper ring glass plate interface is decreased by 93.76 MPA, which indicates that the high voltage electric pulse is more effective in breaking the phase interface. Taking the yield of -13mm and the stripping rate of -50 13mm copper as the index, the effect of voltage, pulse number, frequency, spacing and feeding mode on the crushing effect is studied. The effect of crushing effect on the change of voltage, pulse number and feeding mode is larger, but the response to spacing is slightly weaker. No response to frequency. The working principle of the crusher is analyzed, and the equation of discharge energy consumption Wnk1k2CU2 is put forward based on the data of energy consumption test. By analyzing the curve of energy consumption and crushing effect, it is found that the energy consumption is positively correlated with the crushing effect, and when the energy input exceeds a certain range, the increase of energy input begins to decrease the crushing effect. According to energy consumption equation, design voltage, pulse significant test: change voltage and pulse number under the same energy input, The copper peeling rate of the product was increased from 24.42% to 49.37 mm, indicating that increasing the voltage is more significant than increasing the number of pulses to improve the crushing effect. The theoretical derivation of the solid-liquid discharge system shows that the pulse discharge is carried out in the solid sample. The energy band theory is used to explain the electrical breakdown process, the formation mechanism of avalanche current is analyzed, and the principle of interlaminar stripping of the copper-loop glass sheet interface by high voltage electric pulse is explained. SEM and EPMA analysis show that the formation and expansion of conductive channel is the key link of high voltage breakage. Four stages of the breakage process of high voltage electric pulse on circuit board are summarized: copper foil provides electrons, electrons gather at the phase interface; The electron penetrates the barrier and breaks through the phase interface first; the conductive channel grows along the interface in the form of electric tree; the cracks connect to each other to obtain the broken particles.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X705

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