本文選題：表層沉積物 + 營養(yǎng)鹽　； 參考：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：為探明黑河金盆水庫表層沉積物中營養(yǎng)鹽的分布與遷移轉(zhuǎn)化規(guī)律以及揚(yáng)水曝氣系統(tǒng)對(duì)內(nèi)源污染的改善效果,對(duì)金盆水庫上覆水體及表層沉積物的理化性質(zhì)(水溫(T)、溶解氧(DO)、p H值、水深(H)、含水率、粒度)、表層沉積物的營養(yǎng)鹽含量(氮、磷形態(tài)、有機(jī)質(zhì))等指標(biāo)進(jìn)行了為期一年的監(jiān)測(cè)。重點(diǎn)研究了:(1)黑河金盆水庫表層沉積物營養(yǎng)鹽分布特征;(2)磷形態(tài)分布及不同季節(jié)變化規(guī)律;(3)營養(yǎng)鹽的污染評(píng)價(jià)及其污染來源;(4)磷的遷移規(guī)律;(5)揚(yáng)水曝氣系統(tǒng)對(duì)黑河金盆水庫內(nèi)源污染的改善效果。得到以下主要結(jié)論:(1)金盆水庫上覆水體溫度在6.15~13.35℃之間波動(dòng);p H值除夏季偏弱酸性,其它季節(jié)偏堿性;DO濃度季節(jié)性變化顯著,介于0.48~9.73mg/L之間,夏季最低至0 mg/L;間隙水及上覆水中正磷酸鹽含量夏季最高。含水率較高,表明水體擾動(dòng)下很容易再懸浮。平均粒徑季節(jié)變化不顯著,但總體粒徑偏細(xì),說明水庫水體的水動(dòng)力較弱。(2)金盆水庫表層沉積物中總氮(TN)含量為424~1460 mg/kg,從上游到庫區(qū),TN含量先減小后增加,有機(jī)質(zhì)(OM)平均含量為7.02%,其分布特征與TN一致。總磷(TP)含量的空間分布差異并不顯著,與其它湖庫相比,TN含量相對(duì)較小,TP和OM含量均處于中等水平,說明金盆水庫水體面臨一定的污染風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。(3)表層沉積物TP含量為987~1326 mg/kg,無機(jī)磷(IP)是沉積物中磷的主要成分,占總磷(TP)的62.5%~78.9%;Ca-P是IP的主要組成成分,占總磷的46.5%-71.4%。表層沉積物TP空間分布特征總體表現(xiàn)為庫區(qū)大于入庫。IP與TP變化趨勢(shì)基本一致,且TP的變化主要由IP決定,IP的增減因Ca-P和Fe/Al-P而改變。(4)金盆水庫不同季節(jié)TP含量冬季最高,夏季最低;OP含量冬季明顯高于其他季節(jié);IP含量與TP變化一致;Al/Fe-P含量冬季最低,Ca-P隨季節(jié)變化不明顯。不同季節(jié)各形態(tài)磷含量大小均為Ca-POPAl/Fe-P。(5)金盆水庫各采樣點(diǎn)中TN、TP和OM含量對(duì)底棲生物的生態(tài)毒性均處于最低級(jí)別,說明沉積物已受污染,對(duì)環(huán)境有潛在的危害;碳氮比(TOC/TN)變化范圍為30.0~58.3,表明金盆水庫表層沉積物中OM均來源于高等陸生植物。OM與TN、TP均呈極顯著正相關(guān),與TN相關(guān)性更高,表明金盆水庫表層沉積物有機(jī)質(zhì)的礦化過程與氮磷,尤其是氮的物質(zhì)來源和沉積變化過程關(guān)系更密切。(6)揚(yáng)水曝氣系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行期間,上覆水及間隙水氨氮、總氮和總磷濃度顯著降低。各監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)表層沉積物中磷形態(tài)(TP、OP)、TN和有機(jī)質(zhì)含量基本呈現(xiàn)出一個(gè)逐步降低的過程。Al/Fe-P在運(yùn)行期間有較小的增加,曝氣器運(yùn)行對(duì)Ca-P含量的影響不明顯。揚(yáng)水曝氣系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行提高了表層沉積物中微生物的總體代謝活性及其對(duì)碳源的利用。
[Abstract]:In order to find out the distribution, migration and transformation of nutrients in the surface sediments of Heihe Jinpan Reservoir and the effect of raising water aeration system on the improvement of internal pollution, The physical and chemical properties of the overlying water and surface sediments of Jinpan reservoir were monitored for one year, such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen, water depth, water content, grain size and nutrient content (nitrogen, phosphorus form, organic matter) in surface sediments. In this paper, the distribution characteristics of nutrient salt in the surface sediments of the Jinpan Reservoir of the Heihe River are studied in detail. The distribution of phosphorus forms and the regularity of variation in different seasons are studied. The pollution evaluation of nutrient salt and its pollution source are discussed in this paper. (5) the aeration system of raising water is used to treat the black water. Improvement effect of Internal pollution in River Jinpan Reservoir. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the overlying water temperature of Jinpan Reservoir fluctuates between 6.15 ~ 13.35 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2018591