本文選題：輕石生物填料 + 脫氮除磷��； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：生物膜法是目前已經(jīng)廣泛應(yīng)用在水污染控制的主流工藝之一,其中對掛膜生物填料的研究和開發(fā)也受到了廣泛的關(guān)注。本文研究了以廢棄玻璃為原材料,通過發(fā)泡燒結(jié)和改性,制備出一種新型輕石生物填料,考察了輕石填料的結(jié)構(gòu)性能和吸附性能,利用實(shí)驗(yàn)室小試裝置,對比研究了該填料和市場上常見的聚乙烯球型填料在A/O工藝裝置中的運(yùn)行情況,探討了啟動(dòng)掛膜和穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行過程中反應(yīng)裝置的脫氮除磷效果以及生物膜微生物群落組成結(jié)構(gòu)等方面的特性,分析了不同運(yùn)行參數(shù)對輕石填料在反應(yīng)器中運(yùn)行效果的影響規(guī)律,為填料在水處理污染控制中的應(yīng)用提供了一定的思路和依據(jù),主要研究結(jié)論如下:1、新型輕石生物填料由10wt%的發(fā)泡劑、10wt%的沸石、77wt%的廢棄玻璃、1wt%助熔劑和2wt%的穩(wěn)泡劑通過發(fā)泡燒結(jié)改性的過程燒制而成。填料的主要組成元素有O、Si、C、Mg、Na、Ca、Al等,比表面一般在4.2m2/g以上,體積密度在0.7g/cm3左右,孔隙率在55%-65%之間,吸水率達(dá)到50%,填料的化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性在99.5%以上。同時(shí)填料對氮磷具有一定的吸附效果,這是一個(gè)物理吸附、化學(xué)吸附、離子交換吸附等多種吸附方式共同存在的復(fù)雜的吸附過程,吸附效果受pH、氮磷初始濃度和溫度的影響。2、通過輕石生物填料和聚乙烯球型填料在反應(yīng)器中的運(yùn)行情況,表明在相同的運(yùn)行參數(shù)下,輕石填料在15天左右完成掛膜,縮短了聚乙烯球型填料掛膜50%的時(shí)間。輕石填料具有更好的親水性和更大的掛膜量,裝置出水的COD、NH4+-N、TP的去除率要明顯高于聚乙烯球型填料,并且在運(yùn)行過程中更耐氨氮沖擊負(fù)荷。分析兩種填料在反應(yīng)器生物膜中微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu),發(fā)現(xiàn)輕石填料在裝置中的微生物群落更加復(fù)雜;厭氧反應(yīng)器中兩種填料的微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)相似,好氧反應(yīng)器中兩種填料的微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)差別較大。其中輕石填料在好氧反應(yīng)器中存在兼性厭氧菌,這有利于脫氮除磷效果的提高。3、通過正交實(shí)驗(yàn),研究穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行時(shí)處理效果的最佳控制策略,在HRT為18h、硝化液的回流比為200%、C/N為10的條件下,反應(yīng)器COD的去除率在97%以上,NH4+-N的去除率在98%以上、TN的去除率在80%左右,TP的去除率超過50%。反應(yīng)器COD去除效果受HRT影響顯著;反應(yīng)器NH4+-N去除效果受HRT和C/N影響顯著;反應(yīng)器TN去除效果受C/N、HRT影響顯著,硝化液回流比也有一定的影響。
[Abstract]:Biofilm method has been widely used in water pollution control, and the research and development of biofilm have been paid more and more attention. In this paper, a new light stone biofilm was prepared by foaming sintering and modification with waste glass as raw material. The structure and adsorption properties of light stone filler were investigated. The operation of the filler and the polyethylene ball packing in the A- / O process was compared with that in the market. The characteristics of denitrification and phosphorus removal of the reactor and the composition structure of biofilm microbial community during the start-up and stable operation of the reactor were discussed. The influence of different operation parameters on the operation effect of the light stone filler in the reactor was analyzed. It provides some ideas and basis for the application of fillers in the pollution control of water treatment. The main conclusions are as follows: the new lightweight biofilm is composed of 10 wt% foaming agent, 10 wt% zeolite, 77 wt% waste glass, 1 wt% flux and 2 wt% foam stabilizer, which are sintered by the process of foaming and sintering. The main elements of the packing are: the specific surface is above 4.2m2/g, the volume density is about 0.7g/cm3, the porosity is between 55% and 65%, the water absorption is 50%, and the chemical stability of the filler is over 99.5%. At the same time, the packing has a certain adsorption effect on nitrogen and phosphorus, which is a complex adsorption process of physical adsorption, chemical adsorption, ion exchange adsorption and so on. The adsorption effect was affected by pH, initial concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus, and temperature. Through the operation of light stone biofilm and polyethylene ball packing in the reactor, it was shown that under the same operation parameters, the light stone packing could finish the film forming in about 15 days. The time of hanging film of PE ball packing was shortened by 50%. The light stone filler has better hydrophilicity and larger membrane hanging capacity. The removal rate of COD _ (4) -NN _ (10) in the effluent of the plant is obviously higher than that of the polyethylene ball packing, and it is more resistant to the impact loading of ammonia nitrogen during operation. The microbial community structure of two kinds of fillers in biofilm of reactor was analyzed, and it was found that the microbial community of light stone packing in the plant was more complex, and the microbial community structure of two kinds of fillers in anaerobic reactor was similar. The microbial community structure of the two fillers in aerobic reactor is quite different. There are facultative anaerobes in aerobic reactor, which is beneficial to the improvement of denitrification and phosphorus removal efficiency. Through orthogonal experiment, the optimal control strategy of treatment effect in stable operation is studied. When HRT is 18 h and the reflux ratio of nitrifying liquid is 200% C / N is 10, the removal rate of COD is more than 97%, the removal rate of NH _ 4-N is more than 98%, the removal rate of TN is about 80%, the removal rate of TP is more than 50%. The COD removal efficiency of reactor was significantly affected by HRT, NH _ 4-N removal efficiency was significantly affected by HRT and C _ (/ N), TN removal efficiency was significantly affected by C _ (/ N) HRT, and nitrification reflux ratio was also affected to some extent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703

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