本文選題：磷渣 + 含砷廢水��； 參考：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：砷及砷的化合物對人體的健康有著極大的毒害作用,砷污染成為人們越來越關(guān)注的問題,尤其是日益嚴(yán)重的水體砷污染現(xiàn)象,隨著磷化工企業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展,大量的磷渣因得不到充分的利用,而對環(huán)境造成危害。本研究采用磷渣作為砷吸附材料,并將其進(jìn)行改性從而提高對砷的吸附性能,不僅制備出了一種對廢水中的砷有良好去除效果的環(huán)境材料,還為磷渣的綜合利用提供了一條新的途徑,同時(shí)解決了兩大環(huán)境問題,達(dá)到了以廢治廢的效果。研究選用多種方法對磷渣進(jìn)行改性,從中篩選出鐵鹽恒溫浸潤和鐵鹽超聲輔助兩種改性方法,并對改性的實(shí)驗(yàn)條件進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化。結(jié)果表明:鐵鹽恒溫浸潤改性磷渣的最佳制備條件為:在80℃條件下,利用濃度為0.8mol· L-1的FeCl3溶液,熟化6h,所制備的改性磷渣對廢水中As(Ⅲ)的去除率可達(dá)到99.1%;鐵鹽超聲輔助改性磷渣的最佳制備條件為:FeCl3溶液的濃度0.8mol·L-1、超聲時(shí)間15min,所制備的改性黃磷水淬渣對廢水中As(Ⅲ)的去除率可達(dá)到98.9%。通過兩種方法,在最佳改性條件下制備的改性磷渣對As(Ⅲ)的去除率比未改性磷渣分別提高了 38.2%和38%。共存離子對兩種改性磷渣吸附As(Ⅲ)均有一定的影響,當(dāng)溶液中As(Ⅲ)的濃度固定時(shí),影響的大小順序?yàn)?SiO32、PO43_SO42-CO32-、Cl-;溶液中As(Ⅲ)的濃度改變時(shí),影響的大小順序?yàn)?SiO32-、PO43-SO42-、CO32-、Cl-,SiO32-和PO43-對改性磷渣吸附砷的影響較大。用NaOH溶液對吸附后的兩種改性磷渣進(jìn)行解吸,3次解吸后,改性磷渣對As(Ⅲ)的吸附效果依然穩(wěn)定,說明兩種改性磷渣均有良好的再生性能。采用比表面積和孔徑測定(BET)、傅里葉紅外光譜(FT-IR)、掃描電鏡與X射線能譜(SEM/DES)和X射線光電子能譜(XPS)對改性前、后及吸附后的磷渣進(jìn)行表征。改性后的磷渣比表面積和孔容增大、孔徑減小,鐵和羥基的含量增多,并且吸附后磷渣中三價(jià)砷和五價(jià)砷均存在,表明兩種改性方式都能使鐵很好的負(fù)載在磷渣上,增加其對As(Ⅲ)的去除效果。研究還對改性磷渣吸附As(Ⅲ)的過程進(jìn)行了吸附等溫式及動(dòng)力學(xué)方程的模擬。兩種改性磷渣對As(Ⅲ)的吸附過程與Langmuir·吸附等溫方程和Freundlich吸附等溫方程均能很好的擬合,但Langmuir吸附等溫方程更能很好的描述其對As(Ⅲ)的吸附過程,擬合的相關(guān)系數(shù)R2分別為0.99和0.98,其吸附的方式均以單分子層吸附為主。Lagergren準(zhǔn)二級動(dòng)力學(xué)方程更能準(zhǔn)確地描述兩種改性磷渣對As(Ⅲ)的吸附動(dòng)力學(xué)過程,擬合所得的平衡吸附容量的理論值與實(shí)驗(yàn)值更為接近,其擬合方程的相關(guān)系數(shù)R2分別為0.97和0.96,吸附速率被化學(xué)吸附所控制。
[Abstract]:Arsenic and arsenic compounds have a great toxic effect on human health. People pay more and more attention to arsenic pollution, especially the increasingly serious arsenic pollution phenomenon in water, with the rapid development of phosphorus chemical industry. A large amount of phosphorus residue is harmful to the environment because it is not fully utilized. In this study, phosphorus residue was used as arsenic adsorption material and modified to improve the adsorption performance of arsenic. Not only a kind of environmental material with good removal efficiency of arsenic in wastewater was prepared. It also provides a new way for the comprehensive utilization of phosphorus residue, and solves two major environmental problems at the same time, and achieves the effect of treating waste with waste. In this paper, a variety of methods were selected to modify phosphorus slag. Two methods of iron salt constant temperature wetting and iron salt ultrasonic assisted modification were selected, and the experimental conditions of the modification were optimized. The results showed that the optimum preparation conditions of iron salt modified phosphorous slag at constant temperature were as follows: at 80 鈩，

本文編號：1976856